Set of uniform p,q-duopyramids
Type Uniform dual polychoron
Schläfli symbol {p} + {q}
Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
Cells pq tetrahedra
Faces 2pq triangles
Edges pq+p+q
Vertices p+q
Vertex figures p-gonal bipyramid
q-gonal bipyramid
Symmetry [p,2,q], order 4pq
Dual Duoprism
Properties convex, facet-transitive
 
Set of uniform p,p-duopyramids
Schläfli symbol {p} + {p}
Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
Cells p2 tetrahedra
Faces 2p2 triangles
Edges p2+2p
Vertices 2p
Vertex figures p-gonal bipyramid
q-gonal bipyramid
Symmetry [[p,2,p]], order 8p2
Dual Duoprism
Properties convex, facet-transitive, facet-transitive

In geometry of 4 dimensions or higher, a duopyramid is a dual polytope of a p-q duoprism. As a uniform polychoron, it can be given Schläfli symbol {p} + {q}, and can be seen as two regular planar polygons of p and q sides with the same center and orthogonal orientations in 4 dimensions. Along with the p and q edges of the two polygons, all permutation of points in one polygon to the other form edges. All faces are triangular, representing one edge of one polygon connected to one point of in the other polygon. The p and q sided polygons are hollow, passing through the polytope center and don't define faces. Cells are tetrahedra constructed, one for every pair of edges, one from each polygon.

It can be considered in analogy the relation of the 3D prisms and their dual bipyramids with Schläfli symbol { } + {p}. A bipyramid can be seen as a 3D degenerated duopyramid, by adding an edge across the digon { } on the inner axis, and adding intersecting interior triangles and tetrahedra connecting that new edge to p-gon vertices and edges.

The regular 16-cell can be seen as a 4,4-duopyramid

A p,q-dupyramid has Coxeter group symmetry [p,2,q], order 4pq. When p and q are identical, the symmetry is doubled as [[p,2,p]], order 8p2.

Other nonuniform polychora can be called duopyramids by the same contruction, as two orthogonal and co-centered polygons, connected with edges with all combinations of vertex pairs between the polygons. The symmetry will be the product of the symmetry of the two polygons. So a rectangle-rectangle duoopyramid would have symmetry [2]x[2], order 16, possibly doubled if the two rectangles are identical.

16-cell

The regular 16-cell can be seen as a 4,4-duopyramid, being dual to the 4,4-duoprism, which is the tesseract. As a 4,4-dupyramid, the 16-cell's symmetry is [4,2,4], order 64, and doubled to [[4,2,4]], order 128 with the 2 central squares interchangable. The regular 16-cell has a higher symmetry [3,3,4], order 384.


16-cell shown in stereographic projection centered on a tetrahedral cell

Orthogonal projections

Example 4,6-duopyramid

This vertex-centered stereographic projection of 6,4-duopyramid (blue) with its dual Duoprism (phantom red). In the last row, the duopyramid is projected by a direction perpendicular to the first one; so the two parameters (6,4) seem to be reversed. Indeed, asymmetry is due to the projection: the two parameters are symmetric in 4D.

References