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((Short description|British industrialist and public servant))
((More citations needed|date=May 2014))
((Use dmy dates|date=January 2021))
[[File:Allies Grand-strategy Conference in N Africa- President Roosevelt Meets Mr Churchill. One of the Most Momentous Conferences of This War Began on January 14 1943, Near Casablanca, When President Roosevelt and Mr A14132.jpg|thumb|Leathers (2nd row, 4th from right) at the Casablanca Conference in January 1943.]]
'''Frederick James Leathers, 1st Viscount Leathers''', ((post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|CH|PC)) (21 November 1883 – 19 March 1965), was a British industrialist and public servant.

Leathers was born at 47, Bromley Street, [[Stepney]] ("London's poor East End district"), son of carpenter Robert Leathers, of [[Stowmarket]], [[Suffolk]], and Emily Jane, née Seaman. His father died when he was four months old.<ref>((Cite ODNB|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-34457|isbn = 978-0-19-861412-8|doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/34457|year = 2004|last1 = Keenlyside|first1 = Francis|title = Leathers, Frederick James, first Viscount Leathers (1883–1965), shipping expert and government minister|editor1-first = Marc|editor1-last = Brodie))</ref><ref>Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. 2, ed. Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 2003, p. 2273</ref><ref>Current Biography yearbook vol. 2, ed. Anna Herthe Rothe et al, H. W. Wilson Co., 1941, p. 503</ref> He left school in 1898 at the age of 15 to work with Steamship Owners Coal Association (later merged with [[Cory (company)|William Cory & Son]]), becoming managing director in 1916. He was concerned also with other companies dealing with coal or shipping services.  He served in the management of the [[P&O (company)|Pacific and Orient Lines]], where he came to the attention of [[Winston Churchill]], from 1931 a director of the firm.<ref name=wc/>

He served as an adviser to the [[Minister of Shipping|Ministry of Shipping]] from 1914 to 1918 and 1940 to 1941, and as [[Minister of War Transport]] in 1941 for the duration of [[World War II]], on the appointment and strong recommendation of Churchill, who in so doing raised him to the peerage.<ref name=wc>((cite book|last=Churchill|first=Winston S.|title=The Grand Alliance|year=1948|publisher=Rosetta Books|isbn=978-0-7953-0616-7|page=152))</ref> In fact, Churchill said of him "At these meetings, (of a subsidiary company of the Peninsular and Oriental shipping lines where Churchill was a director in 1930), I gradually became aware of a very remarkable man. He presided over 30 or 40 companies...I soon perceived that Frederick Leathers was the central brain and controlling power of this combination. He knew everything and commanded absolute confidence. Year after year I watched him...I said to myself "If ever there is another war, here is a man who will play the same kind of part as the great business leaders who served under me at the Ministry of Munitions in 1917 and 1918". On 8 May 1941, I turned to him. To give him the necessary authority I created the office of Minister of War Transport". (The Grand Alliance, pub. Cassell, London, p132. 1966)

He attended the [[Casablanca Conference (1943)|Casablanca]], Washington, [[Quebec Conference, 1943|Quebec]], and [[Cairo Conference (1943)|Cairo]] conferences in 1943. He negotiated the [[lend-lease]] of American ships to Britain. He also accompanied the [[prime minister]], [[Winston Churchill]] to the [[Yalta Conference|Yalta]] and [[Potsdam Conference|Potsdam]] Conferences.((citation needed|date=June 2016))

He later served as [[Minister for Coordination of Transport, Fuel and Power]] from 1951 to 1953. He was raised to the peerage as '''Baron Leathers''', of Purfleet in the County of Essex, in 1941, and appointed a [[Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour]] in 1943. He was further honoured when he was made '''Viscount Leathers''', of Purfleet in the County of Essex, in 1954.

==Arms==
((Infobox COA wide
|escutcheon = Azure a lymphad sails set Or flags flying to the dexter Gules on a chief of the second three lozenges Sable.
|crest = A lozenge Sable in front of two anchors in saltire Or.
|supporters = Dexter a sea-lion sinister a sea horse Argent gorged with a collar of lozenges conjoined Sable.
|motto = Dum Spiro Servo (While I Breathe I Serve)<ref>((cite book|title=Debrett's Peerage |date=1985 |page=711))</ref>))

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Frederick Leathers, 1st Viscount Leathers))
*((Hansard-contribs | mr-frederick-leathers-1 | the Viscount Leathers ))
* ((PM20|FID=pe/011081))

<br/><!--this break is to put visual space between the last information and the following template if needed-->

((S-start))
((S-off))
((S-bef| before = [[John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara|John Moore-Brabazon]]
       | as     = Minister of Transport))
((S-ttl| title  = [[Secretary of State for Transport|Minister of War Transport]]
       | years  = 1941–1945))
((S-aft| after  = [[Alfred Barnes (Labour politician)|Alfred Barnes]]
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((S-new))
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((S-ttl| title  = [[Viscount Leathers]]
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((Third Churchill Ministry))

((DEFAULTSORT:Leathers, Frederick Leathers, 1st Viscount))
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1965 deaths]]
[[Category:British Secretaries of State]]
[[Category:British industrialists]]
[[Category:British people of World War II]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour]]
[[Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ministers in the Churchill caretaker government, 1945]]
[[Category:Ministers in the Churchill wartime government, 1940–1945]]
[[Category:Ministers in the third Churchill government, 1951–1955]]
[[Category:Viscounts in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Barons created by George VI]]
[[Category:Viscounts created by Elizabeth II]]
[[Category:People from Stepney]]
[[Category:British businesspeople in shipping]]

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