Genus of plants endemic to Western Australia
Gastrolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae . There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia .
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluoroacetate (the key ingredient of the poison known commonly as 1080 ), which caused introduced/non native animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia. The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist James Drummond in a series of tests to ascertain the cause of the poisoning, which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison (G. calycinum ) and Champion Bay poison (G. oxylobioides ).[2] [3]
In the 1930s and 1940s C.A. Gardner and H.W. Bennetts identified other species in Western Australia, leading to the publication of The Toxic Plants of Western Australia in 1956.[4]
The base chromosome number of Gastrolobium is 2n = 16.[5]
Species
Gastrolobium comprises the following species:[6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
Gastrolobium bilobum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium parviflorum Subgroup[ edit ]
Gastrolobium discolor G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium melanocarpum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium musaceum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium parviflorum (Benth.) Crisp —Box poison
Gastrolobium tetragonophyllum (E.Pritz.) Crisp —Brother-brother
Gastrolobium calycinum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium appressum C.A.Gardner —Scaleleaf poison
Gastrolobium calycinum Benth. —York Road poison
Gastrolobium hamulosum Meisn. —Hook Point poison[Note 3]
Gastrolobium oxylobioides Benth. —Champion Bay poison
Gastrolobium racemosum (Turcz.) Crisp —Net-leaved poison
Gastrolobium reflexum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium rigidum (C.A.Gardner) Crisp —Rigid leaf poison[Note 4]
Gastrolobium spectabile (Endl.) Crisp —Roe's poison
Gastrolobium tenue G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium celsianum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium cruciatum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium cruciatum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium epacridoides Meisn.
Gastrolobium punctatum (Turcz.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium reticulatum (Meisn.) Benth.
Gastrolobium floribundum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium crassifolium Benth. —Thick-leaved poison
Gastrolobium diabolophyllum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium floribundum S.Moore —Wodjil poison
Gastrolobium glaucum C.A.Gardner —Spike poison[Note 5]
Gastrolobium hians G.Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium laytonii Jean White —Breelya, Kite-leaved poison
Gastrolobium microcarpum (Meisn.) Benth. —Sandplain poison
Gastrolobium parvifolium Benth. —Berry poison
Gastrolobium polystachyum Meisn. —Horned poison, Hill River poison
Gastrolobium propinquum C.A.Gardner —Hutt River poison
Gastrolobium pycnostachyum Benth. —Mount Ragged poison, Round-leaved poison[Note 6]
Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl. & Paxton —White gum poison, Stirling Range poison
Gastrolobium heterophyllum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium heterophyllum (Turcz.) Crisp —Slender poison
Gastrolobium nutans G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium pusillum Crisp & P.H. Weston
Gastrolobium ilicifolium Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium ilicifolium Meisn.
Gastrolobium rhombifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium tricuspidatum Meisn.
Gastrolobium obovatum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium bennettsianum C.A.Gardner —Cluster poison
Gastrolobium brownii Meisn.
Gastrolobium hookeri Meisn.
Gastrolobium latifolium (R. Br.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium obovatum Benth.
Gastrolobium plicatum Turcz.
Gastrolobium pulchellum Turcz.
Gastrolobium spathulatum Benth.
Gastrolobium stowardii S. Moore
Gastrolobium truncatum Benth.
Gastrolobium pyramidale Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium coriaceum (Sm.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium crenulatum Turcz.
Gastrolobium pyramidale T.Moore
Gastrolobium retusum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium acutum Benth.
Gastrolobium alternifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium capitatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium crispatum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium dorrienii (Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium ebracteolatum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium effusum (M.D. Crisp & F.H. Mollemans) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium linearifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium nervosum (Meisn.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium retusum Lindl.
Gastrolobium stipulare Meisn.
Gastrolobium whicherensis G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium spinosum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium aculeatum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium euryphyllum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium spinosum Benth. —Prickly poison
var. grandiflorum C.Gardner
var. spinosum Benth.
var. triangulare Benth.
var. trilobum S. Moore
Gastrolobium triangulare (Benth.) Domin
Gastrolobium trilobum Benth. —Bullock poison
Gastrolobium wonganensis G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium villosum Group[ edit ]
Gastrolobium densifolium C.A.Gardner —Mallet poison
Gastrolobium glabratum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium ovalifolium Henfr. —Runner poison
Gastrolobium rotundifolium Meisn. —Gilbernine poison
Gastrolobium tomentosum C.A.Gardner —Woolly poison[Note 7]
Gastrolobium villosum Benth. —Crinkle-leaved poison
Incertae Sedis [ edit ]
Gastrolobium axillare Meisn.
Gastrolobium cyanophyllum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium dilatatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium elegans G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium ferrugineum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium humile G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium lehmannii Meisn.
Gastrolobium nudum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium venulosum G. Chandler & Crisp
Species names with uncertain taxonomic status
The status of the following species is unresolved:[6] [9] [10]
Gastrolobium boormani Maiden & Betche
Gastrolobium compactum C.A. Gardner
Gastrolobium elachistum F.Muell.
Gastrolobium henfreyi Lem.
Gastrolobium huegelii Henfr.
Gastrolobium makoyanum Heynh.
Gastrolobium revolutum Crisp
Gastrolobium scorsifolium F.Muell.
Gastrolobium splendens Heynh.
Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl. ex J. Paxton
Gastrolobium verticillatum Heynh.
Gastrolobium whicherense G.Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium wonganense G.Chandler & Crisp