Henry Brown may refer to:

Politics and government

• Henry Billings Brown (1836–1913), U.S. Supreme Court Justice, 1891–1906
• Henry E. Brown Jr. (born 1935), U.S. Congressman from South Carolina, 2000–2011
• Henry Brown (Australian politician) (1865–1933), Australian politician
• Henry Brown (New Zealand politician) (1842–1921), New Zealand politician
• Henry Newton Brown Jr. (born 1941), Louisiana judge and former District Attorney

Sports

• Henry Brown (field hockey) (1887–1961), Irish Olympic field hockey player
• Henry Brown (rugby union) (1910–1965), New Zealand rugby union player, member of the All Blacks
• Henry Brandon Brown (born 1994), South African rugby union player

Other

• Henry Armitt Brown (1844–1878), American author and orator
• Henry Box Brown (1815–1897), American slave who had himself mailed in a box to freedom
• Henry Kirke Brown (1814–1886), American sculptor
• Henry Newton Brown (1857–1884), American lawman and Old West outlaw
• Henry "Pucho" Brown, leader of Pucho & His Latin Soul Brothers
• Henry Yorke Lyell Brown (1843–1928), Australian geologist
• Henry B. R. Brown (1926–2008), American co-creator of the money market fund
• Henry Brown (inventor), inventor of a box for storing carbon paper
• Henry Phelps Brown (1906–1994), British economist
• Henry T. Brown (1932–2020), African-American chemical engineer
• Henry William Brown (1923–2008), American fighter pilot
• Henry Brown, designer of the Rodley and Scootacar microcars in the 1950s
• Henry Collins Brown (1862–1961), Scottish-born New York historian, lecturer, and author
• Henry L. Brown (1876–1960), African-American physician in Laurel, Mississippi
• Henry Brown (actor), African American actor whose career started in the early 1970s
• Henry Brown (minister, born 1823) (died 1906), African Methodist Episcopal Church minister and leader of the Underground Railroad
• Henry Brown (minister, born 1848) (died 1931), Methodist prohibitionist