"Classical music" and "art music" are terms that have been used to refer to music of different cultural origins and traditions. Such traditions often date to a period regarded as the "golden age" of music for a particular culture.
The following tables list music styles from throughout the world and the period in history when that tradition was developed:
Further information: Music of Southeast Asia |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes |
---|---|---|
Gamelan | At least 8th century AD.[1][better source needed] | |
Pinpeat | At least 6th century AD.[citation needed] | |
Mahori | At least 14th century AD.[citation needed] | |
Piphat | ||
Pinphat |
Main article: Indian classical music |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes |
---|---|---|
Carnatic music | At least 6th century AD (as Indian classical music), split from Hindustani classical music in the 16th and 17th centuries.[2][3] | |
Hindustani classical music | At least 6th century AD (as Indian classical music), split from Carnatic music in the 16th and 17th centuries.[2][3] | |
Klasik | At least 6th century AD (as Indian and Hindustani classical music), split from Hindustani classical music c. 1860.[3][4] | The classical tradition of Afghanistan, ultimately a descendant of Hindustani classical music.[4] Developed in the 19th century by Indian musicians in Afghan courts.[4] Along with Hindustani music theory and instruments, Afghan classical music also uses local Pashtun elements, especially in its performance practices.[4] |
Odissi music | At least 6th century AD.[citation needed] |
See also: East Asian cultural sphere |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes |
---|---|---|
Nanguan music | At least 14th century CE.[5] | |
Gagaku | 6th century CE.[citation needed] | |
Jeongak | 5th century CE.[6] | |
Nhã nhạc | 13th century CE.[citation needed] | |
Yayue | At least 2nd century BCE.[citation needed] |
Further information: Music of Europe |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes |
---|---|---|
Byzantine music | 4th century AD.[citation needed] | |
Pibroch | At least the 17th century AD.[7] | |
Western classical music | 6th century AD.[citation needed] | |
Troubadour music | 12th century AD. |
Further information: Middle Eastern music |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|
Persian classical music | At least 3rd century AD, with drastic changes in the 16th century.[8][9] | ||
Arabic classical music | |||
Andalusi classical music | 9th century AD.[citation needed] | Likely practiced since the early 9th century, the musical tradition of Al-Andalus is notable for spreading Middle Eastern and North African musical instruments to Western Europe, where they would become staple instruments of Western tradition.[10] Now practiced in North Africa in the form of the Andalusi nubah,[11] this tradition has also had considerable effect on Ottoman classical music, especially in the Sephardic romance and Maftirim repertoire.[12] | |
Ottoman classical music | At least 3rd century AD (as Persian traditional music), emerged as a unique tradition in the 17th century.[8][9] | Now known as Turkish Art Music or Turkish Classical Music | |
Shashmaqam |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes |
---|---|---|
Griot | The tradition of the djeli |
Style | Earliest historical period | Notes |
---|---|---|
American gamelan | c. 1960[citation needed] | |
Mahāgīta | 16th or 17th century AD.[13] | The classical tradition of Burma seems to have begun around the late Toungoo period,[13] with an expansion of Western-influenced repertoire during the colonial period.[citation needed] Organized into various forms based on tuning systems, melodic structure, rhythmic patterns and performance conventions, commonly played genres include the kyo, bwe, and thachingan.[14] |