^"African Elephant". Oakland Zoo. Retrieved 17 September 2023. Most African elephants are diurnal though some herds who live near human populations have become mostly nocturnal to avoid human interactions.
^Clark, R. J. and Mikkola, H. (1989) A preliminary revision of threatened and near-threatened nocturnal birds of prey of the world. Pp. 371-388 in Meyburg, B.-U. and Chancellor, R.D., eds. Raptors in the modern world. Berlin and London: World Working Group on Birds of Prey and Owls.