The Hindu scriptures contain many numerical descriptions concerning distances, durations and numbers of items in the universe as seen from the perspective of Hindu cosmology.[1]
Property | Number or measurement |
---|---|
Distance from Satyaloka to Vishnuloka (Brahmaloka-sanatana, abode of Brahma) | 26,200,000 yojanas (209,600,000 miles)[2][3] |
Distance from Dhruvaloka (the pole star) to the Sun | 3,800,000 yojanas |
Distance from Dhruvaloka to Maharloka | 10,000,000 yojanas |
Distance from Maharloka to Janaloka | 20,000,000 yojanas |
Distance from Janaloka to Tapoloka | 80,000,000 yojanas |
Distance from Tapoloka to Satyaloka | 120,000,000 yojanas |
Distance from the Sun to Satyaloka | 233,800,000 yojanas (1,870,400,000 miles) |
Covering[clarification needed] of the Universe | 260,000,000 yojanas (2,080,000,000 miles) away from the Sun{, each covering layer is 10 times bigger than previous[4] |
Distance from lower planets to Śesha Nāga lying on the Garbhodaka Ocean | 30,000 yojanas[citation needed] |
Depth of Garbhodaka ocean | 249,800,000 yojanas deep[citation needed] |
Total diameter of the Universe | approximately 500,000,000 yojanas, or 4,000,000,000 miles[5] |
Distance from planet Rāhu to the Sun | 10,000 yojanas (80,000 miles)[citation needed] |
Distance from Rāhu to planets of the Siddhas, Cāranas and Vidyādharas | 1,000,000 yojanas[citation needed] |
Distance from the Earth to the lower planetary systems — Atala, Vitala, Sutala, Talātala, Mahātala, Rasātala and Pātāla | 70,000 yojanas[citation needed] |
Number of kinds of material bodies for soul, jivaatma (or species of life) in material world[clarification needed] | 8,400,000[6][7][8] |
* Number of species living in the water | 900,000 |
* Number of kinds of sthāvara (non-moving living entities such as trees and plants) | 2,000,000[9] |
* Number of species of insects and reptiles | 1,100,000[10] |
* Number of species of birds | 1,000,000[11] |
* Number of varieties of quadrupeds | 3,000,000[12] |
* Number of human species[clarification needed] | 400,000[13][14][15] |
Number of Manus who manifest in one kalpa (one day of Brahmā) | fourteen Manus[16] |
Duration of one day of Brahmā | 1,000 chatur-yugas (4.32 billion years) |
Number of Manus who manifest during one month of Brahmā | 420 Manus[17] |
Number of Manus who manifest during one year of Brahmā | 5,040 Manus[18] |
Number of Manus who manifest during the lifetime of one Brahmā | 504,000 Manus[19] |
Total duration of four yugas (Satya+Treta+Dvapara+Kali) | 4,320,000 years[20] |
Number of the present Manu (Vaivasvata Manu) | 7th Manu[citation needed] |
Age of our (Vaivasvata) Manu | 27 chatur-yugas [27 x 4,320,000 solar years][citation needed] |
Number of planetary systems[clarification needed] in this Brahmanda (material universe)[clarification needed] | 14[21][22] |
Duration of 100 years of Brahma (his lifetime duration) | 311,040,000,000,000 years[23] |
Duration of one manvantara, the lifespan of one Manu | seventy-one chatur-yugas (=71*4,320,000 years)[citation needed] |
Duration of Satya yuga | 1,728,000 years[24] |
Duration of Tretā-yuga | 1,296,000 years[25] |
Duration of Dvāpara-yuga | 864,000 years[26] |
Duration of Kali-yuga | 432,000 years[27] |
Duration of lifetime of human in Satya yuga | around 100,000 years.[28] |
Duration of lifetime of human in Tretā-yuga | around 10,000 years[29] |
Duration of lifetime of human in Dvāpara-yuga | around 1,000 years.[30] |
Duration of lifetime of human in Kali-yuga | around 100 years which will be reduced gradually to 20 years ) |
Time passed after beginning of Kali-yuga (Battle of Kurukṣetra) | 5,125 years as of 2024 CE (See Kali Yuga) |
Steeds of Indra | 1,100[35] |
Spiritual benefits of following Janmashtami Vows (fasting etc.) | One ... becomes freed from the sins of ten million births.[36] |
Frequency with which Krishna descends to this planet | every 8,640,000,000 years (once in a day of Brahma)[37] |
Happiness of liberation into impersonal Brahman (brahmajyoti) compared with happiness of devotional service to Bhagavan | Bhakti is trillion-fold better than impersonalism[38] |
Note: Where distances are given in yojana a rough equivalent is sometimes given in miles calculated at 8 miles to the yojana. The actual length of the yojana varied throughout its period of use between 4 and 9 miles.