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((Short description|Type of service dog))
((More citations needed|date=August 2020))
A '''psychiatric assistance dog''' or '''psychiatric service dog''' is a sub-category of [[assistance dog]] trained to assist their handler with a psychiatric [[disability]] or a mental disability, such as [[Obsessive–compulsive disorder|obsessive-compulsive disorder]], [[post-traumatic stress disorder]], [[schizophrenia]], [[Depression (mood)|depression]], [[anxiety]], and [[bipolar disorder]].<ref>((cite journal |author=Esnayra J |title=Help from man's best friend. Psychiatric service dogs are helping consumers deal with the symptoms of mental illness |journal=Behav Healthc |volume=27 |issue=7 |pages=30–2 |date=July 2007 |pmid=18027616 ))</ref><ref name="SDC 74">[http://www.servicedogcentral.org/content/node/74 Service Dog Central - Psychiatric Service Dogs] Retrieved on August 17, 2007.</ref>

A psychiatric assistance dog can assist their handler by providing a safe presence that grounds them; the dog may perhaps lean on the person to provide a calming pressure.<ref>((Cite journal|last=Esnayra|first=Joan|date=July 2007|title=Help from man's best friend: psychiatric service dogs are helping consumers deal with the symptoms of mental illness|url=https://www.northeaststate.edu:2068/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=49&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=2&docId=GALE%7CA167419384&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZONE-MOD1&prodId=AONE&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CA167419384&searchId=R4&userGroupName=tel_a_nestcc&inPS=true|journal=Behavioral Healthcare|via=Northeast State Database))</ref>

== Training ==
[[File:samivest.jpg|thumb|alt=Psychiatric Service Dog In Training|A psychiatric service dog in training]]
[[File:Service Dog in lap.jpeg|thumb|Service dog being trained to run over and lie in handler's lap to ground handler on command.]]
Like all [[assistance dog]]s, a psychiatric assistance dog is individually trained to do work or perform tasks that mitigate their handler's disability.<ref name="SDC 77">[http://www.servicedogcentral.org/content/node/77 Service Dog Central - Psychiatric Service Dog Tasks]</ref>
Training to mitigate a psychiatric disability may include providing environmental assessment (in such cases as [[paranoia]] or [[hallucination]]s), signaling behaviors (such as interrupting repetitive or injurious behaviors), reminding the handler to take medication, retrieving objects, guiding the handler from stressful situations, or acting as a brace if the handler becomes [[dizziness|dizzy]]. Moreover, the dog can be an extremely useful companion in any controlled training concerning cognitive functions, such as walking the dog.<ref name="iaadp">[http://www.iaadp.org/psd_tasks.html International Association of Assistance Dog Partners - Service Dog Tasks for Psychiatric Disabilities] Retrieved on January 31, 2007.</ref><ref name="SDC 77" />

Many psychiatric assistance dogs are trained by the person who will become the handler—usually with the help of a professional trainer. Others are trained by assistance or service dog programs.  Assistance dog organizations are increasingly recognizing the need for dogs to help individuals with psychiatric disabilities, and there are even organizations dedicated specifically to supporting psychiatric assistance dog handlers.

== Accessibility ==

In the US, the [[Air Carrier Access Act]] has permitted psychiatric service dogs animals to travel in the cabin with their handler. Due to negative incidents with services dogs and [[emotional support animal]]s, from 2018 through 2020 there has been a push to limit or restrict dogs on US flights.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/22/us-will-redefine-service-animals-flying-with-their-owners.html|title=US will redefine 'service animals' flying with their owners on flights|date=January 22, 2020|website=CNBC))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.transportation.gov/individuals/aviation-consumer-protection/service-animals-including-emotional-support-animals|title=Service Animals (Including Emotional Support Animals) &#124; US Department of Transportation|website=www.transportation.gov))</ref> During this time the act treated psychiatric service dogs and emotional support animals the same and required the handler to provide paperwork for their dog. In December 2020, a revision of the act meant that the two were no longer treated the same, and psychiatric service dogs were treated the same as other types of service dogs.
<ref>((cite web |title=Everything You Need to Know about Psychiatric Service Dogs |url=https://myserviceanimal.org/blog/psychiatric-service-dog/ |website=MyServiceAnimal))</ref>

It's important to note that while some organizations offer certification or identification cards for service dogs, there is no federally mandated or recognized certification process for service dogs in the US. The Americans with Disabilities Act ([[Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990|ADA]]) does not require service dogs to be registered or certified. Handlers are not legally obligated to obtain or carry any specific documentation for their Psychiatric Service Dogs. However, having such identification can be helpful in situations where proof of the dog's training and status may be required, such as when traveling or accessing certain public accommodations.

==See also==
* [[Assistance dog]]
* [[Autism assistance dog]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* [https://www.ada.gov/pubs/adastatute08.htm Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended]

((DEFAULTSORT:Psychiatric Assistance Dog))
[[Category:Assistance dogs]]

[[nl:ADL-hond]]
[[no:Servicehund]]

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