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((Short description|Obstacle race in athletics))
((More citations needed|date=January 2023))
((Use dmy dates|date=September 2021))

[[File:Steeplechase by Augustas Didzgalvis.jpg|250px|thumbnail|Steeplechase at the [[Lithuanian Championships in Athletics|2014 Lithuanian Championships in Athletics]]]]

The '''steeplechase''' is an [[obstacle race]] in [[Sport of athletics|athletics]] which derives its name from the [[Steeplechase (horse racing)|steeplechase in horse racing]]. The foremost version of the event is the [[3000 metres steeplechase]]. The [[2000 metres steeplechase]] is the next most common distance. In [[youth athletics]] a distance of 1000 metres is occasionally used for steeplechase races.<ref>((cite web
|url=http://surreyathletics.org.uk/trackfield/champs/results.php?Menu=Hide&Y=1965&O=C&S=1967&T=OUT&A=YTHS&E=
|title=Surrey County Outdoor Championships – 1965
|access-date=7 March 2018
|publisher=Surrey County Athletic Association ))</ref>

==History==
[[File:Steeplechase race, Celtic Park, N.Y. from Bain Collection (LOC).jpg|right|thumb|Steeplechase race in 1912, Celtic Park, N.Y., through water]]
[[File:2018 DM Leichtathletik - 3000 Meter Hindernislauf Frauen - by 2eight - 8SC1182.jpg|thumb|3000 meter women's steeplechase, [[2018 German Athletics Championships]]]]
The event originated in [[Ireland]], where horses and riders raced from one town's [[steeple]] to the next: the steeples were used as markers due to their visibility over long distances. Along the way, runners inevitably had to jump streams and low stone walls separating estates.

The modern athletics event originates from a ((convert|2|mi|km|spell=in|adj=on)) cross-country steeplechase that formed part of the [[University of Oxford]] sports in 1860. It was replaced in 1865 by an event over barriers on a flat field, which became the modern steeplechase.

It has been a men's Olympic event since the inception of the [[1900 Summer Olympics|1900 Olympics]], though with varying lengths until 1908. Since the [[1968 Summer Olympics]], men's [[Steeplechase at the Olympics|steeplechase in the Olympics]] has been dominated by [[Kenya]]n athletes, including a gold medal streak from 1988 through 2016 and a clean sweep of the medals at the [[Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase|1992]] and [[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase|2004]] Games.

The steeplechase for women is 3,000 metres long, but with lower barriers than for the men. A distance of 2,000 metres, with a shorter water jump, had been experimented with before the current race format was established.  It made its first major championship appearance at the [[2005 World Championships in Athletics|2005 World Championships]] in [[Helsinki]], and in 2008, the women's 3,000 metres steeplechase appeared for the first time on the Olympic program [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|in Beijing]].

Other divisions including [[masters athletics]] and youth athletics run 2,000 metres distances: the format for a 2,000-metre steeplechase removes the first two barriers of the first lap.<ref>((cite web|url=http://trackinfo.org/hurdles101.html|title=Hurdles 101|website=trackinfo.org))</ref>

The [[1900 Olympics]] featured a [[2500 metres steeplechase]] and a [[4000 metres steeplechase]], while a [[2590 metres steeplechase]] was held at the [[1904 Olympics]], and a lap counting error caused the [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase|1932 Olympics]] to feature a 3460-meter steeplechase.

==Format==
A 3,000 metres steeplechase is defined in the rulebook as having 28 barriers and seven water jumps.  A 2,000 meters steeplechase has 18 barriers and five water jumps.  Since the water jump is never on the track oval, a steeplechase "course" is never a perfect 400 meters lap.  Instead, the water jump is placed inside the turn, shortening the lap, or outside the turn, lengthening the lap.  The start line moves from conventional starting areas in order to compensate for the different length of lap.  When the water jump is inside, the 3,000-metre start line is on the backstretch (relative to the steeplechase finish).  When the water jump is outside, the 3,000-metre start line is on the home stretch.  The 2,000-metre start line reverses that pattern and uses ((sfrac|5|7)) the amount of compensation.<ref>((Cite web |title=3000 Metres Steeplechase |url=https://www.worldathletics.org/disciplines/middlelong/3000-metres-steeplechase |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.worldathletics.org |language=en))</ref>

==See also==
((portal|Sport of athletics))
*[[Hurdling]]

== Notes and references ==
((reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Steeplechase (athletics)))
*[https://iaaf.gekko.de/?a=middle-long&d=2000-metres-steeplechase,3000-metres-steeplechase IAAF list of steeplechase records in XML]
*[http://steeplechics.com Women's Steeplechase]

((Athletics events))
((Racing))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Steeplechase (athletics)| ]]
[[Category:Athletics by type]]

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