Genus of spiders
Tetragnatha genus of long-jawed orb-weavers found all over the world. It was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804,[4] tropics and subtropics , and many can run over water. They are commonly called stretch spiders in reference to their elongated body form and their ability to hide on blades of grass or similar elongated substrates by stretching their front legs forward and the others behind them. The name Tetragnatha is derived from Greek, tetra- a numerical prefix referring to four and gnatha meaning "jaw ". Evolution to cursorial behavior occurred long ago in a few different species, the most studied being those found on the Hawaiian islands.[5] T. extensa holarctic distribution. It can be found near lakes, river banks or swamps.[6]
Tetragnatha species are hard to separate from each other without a microscope to scrutinize the genitalia of a mature individual.[7]
Cursorial species found on Hawaiian archipelago
The Tetragnatha spiders found on the Hawaiian archipelago are believed to have no more than three colonization events, two from web building species and one from cursorial species. This is because a species of mainland Tetragnatha spider was found to be more closely related to web building spiders on the Hawaiian islands than the cursorial species.[5] [8] [9] [10]
Species
Unknown species Tetragnatha species resting on jewelweed Tetragnatha sp. mating The eye arrangement of spiders in the genus Tetragnatha Tetragnatha sp. juvenile in Texas Pair of silver long-jawed orb weaver spiders interacting, laying silk and losing the cranefly they were consuming to ants As of March 2021[update] Greenland :[1]
T. acuta Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii T. aenea Cantor, 1842 – China T. aetherea (Simon , 1894) – Venezuela T. albida Gillespie, 1994 – HawaiiT. americana Simon, 1905 – Chile , Argentina T. amoena Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. anamitica Walckenaer , 1841Vietnam T. andamanensis Tikader , 1977India (Andaman Is.), Bangladesh T. andonea Lawrence, 1927 – Namibia T. angolaensis Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988 – Angola T. anguilla Thorell , 1877Indonesia (Java , Sulawesi ), New Guinea, Australia T. angulata Hogg , 1914Western Australia )T. anuenue Gillespie, 2002 – HawaiiT. argentinensis Mello-Leitão , 1931T. argyroides Mello-Leitão, 1945 – ArgentinaT. armata Karsch , 1892Sri Lanka T. atriceps Banks , 1898Mexico T. atristernis Strand , 1913Central Africa T. australis (Mello-Leitão, 1945) – ArgentinaT. baculiferens Hingston, 1927 – Myanmar T. bandapula Barrion-Dupo, Barrion & Heong, 2013 – ChinaT. beccarii Caporiacco , 1947Guyana T. bengalensis Walckenaer, 1841 – IndiaT. bicolor White, 1841 – Australia (Tasmania )T. bidentata Roewer , 1951T. biseriata Thorell, 1881 – New Guinea, Papua New Guinea (New Britain ), Australia (Queensland )T. bishopi Caporiacco, 1947 – GuyanaT. bituberculata L. Koch , 1867Japan , New Guinea, AustraliaT. boeleni Chrysanthus , 1975T. bogotensis Keyserling , 1865Caribbean , Italy (Sardinia ), Africa , Seychelles , Yemen , India, Nepal , ChinaT. boninensis Okuma, 1981 – JapanT. brachychelis Caporiacco, 1947 – Tanzania , Kenya T. branda Levi , 1981T. brevignatha Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. bryantae Roewer, 1951 – Puerto Rico T. caffra (Strand, 1909) – South Africa T. cambridgei Roewer, 1942 – Mexico, Central America , Puerto RicoT. caudata Emerton , 1884Cuba , Jamaica T. caudicula (Karsch, 1879) – Russia (Far East), China, Korea , Taiwan , JapanT. caudifera (Keyserling, 1887) – Australia (New South Wales )T. cavaleriei Schenkel, 1963 – ChinaT. cephalothoracis Strand, 1906 – Ethiopia T. ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge , 1869Thailand , Philippines , New Guinea, Japan (Ryukyu Is.)T. chamberlini (Gajbe, 2004) – IndiaT. chauliodus (Thorell, 1890) – India, Myanmar to New Guinea, JapanT. cheni Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. chinensis (Chamberlin , 1924) – ChinaTetragnatha chiyokoae Castanheira & Baptista, 2020 — China, Taiwan, JapanT. chrysochlora (Audouin , 1826) – Egypt T. cladognatha Bertkau , 1880Brazil T. clavigera Simon, 1887 – Sierra Leone , Ivory Coast, Congo T. cochinensis Gravely, 1921 – IndiaT. coelestis Pocock , 1901T. cognata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Guatemala to PanamaT. conica Grube, 1861 – Russia (Far East)T. crassichelata Chrysanthus , 1975T. cuneiventris Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. cylindracea (Keyserling, 1887) – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)T. cylindrica Walckenaer, 1841 – New Guinea, Australia, Fiji T. cylindriformis Lawrence, 1952 – CongoT. dearmata Thorell, 1873 – North America , Europe , Caucasus , Russia (Europe to Far East)T. delumbis Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.)T. demissa L. Koch, 1872 – Australia. Introduced to Cyprus, South Africa, Tanzania, Seychelles, Tonga T. dentatidens Simon, 1907 – Sierra Leone, CongoT. desaguni Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – PhilippinesT. determinata Karsch, 1892 – Sri LankaT. digitata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 – Mexico, Costa Rica T. eberhardi Okuma, 1992 – Panama T. elongata Walckenaer, 1841 – Canada to Argentina, Caribbean
T. elyunquensis Petrunkevitch , 1930T. esakii Okuma, 1988 – TaiwanT. eumorpha Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. eurychasma Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. exigua Chickering , 1957T. exquista Saito, 1933 – JapanT. extensa (Linnaeus , 1758 ) (type ) – North America, Greenland , Europe, Turkey , Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iraq , Iran , Kazakhstan , Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan
T. fallax Thorell, 1881 – IndonesiaT. farri Chickering, 1962 – JamaicaT. filiciphilia Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. filiformata Roewer, 1942 – GuyanaT. filigastra Mello-Leitão, 1943 – BrazilT. filipes Schenkel, 1936 – ChinaT. filum Simon, 1907 – Congo, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko ), São Tomé and Príncipe T. flagellans Hasselt, 1882 – Indonesia (Sumatra )T. flava (Audouin, 1826) – EgyptT. flavida Urquhart, 1891 – New Zealand T. fletcheri Gravely, 1921 – India, BangladeshT. foai Simon, 1902 – Central, East Africa T. foliferens Hingston, 1927 – India (Nicobar Is.)T. foveata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka, Laccadive Is., Maldive Is.T. fragilis Chickering, 1957 – PanamaT. franganilloi Brignoli , 1983T. friedericii Strand, 1913 – New GuineaT. gemmata L. Koch, 1872 – Australia (Queensland)T. geniculata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka to China, VietnamT. gertschi Chickering, 1957 – PanamaT. gibbula Roewer, 1942 – French Guiana T. gongshan Zhao & Peng, 2010 – ChinaT. gracilis (Bryant, 1923) – USA, Antigua, Martinique T. gracillima (Thorell, 1890) – Indonesia (Sumatra)T. granti Pocock, 1903 – Yemen (Socotra )T. gressitti Okuma, 1988 – Borneo T. gressittorum Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – North, Central America, Cuba, JamaicaT. gui Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. hamata Thorell, 1898 – MyanmarT. hasselti Thorell, 1890 – India to China, Indonesia (Sulawesi)
Tetragnatha h. birmanica Sherriffs, 1919 – MyanmarT. hastula Simon, 1907 – Sierra Leone, Gabon , São Tomé and PríncipeT. hawaiensis Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. heongi Barrion & Barrion-Dupo, 2011 – ChinaT. hirashimai Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. hiroshii Okuma, 1988 – TaiwanT. hulli Caporiacco, 1955 – VenezuelaT. insularis Okuma, 1987 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.)T. insulata Hogg, 1913 – Falkland Is.T. insulicola Okuma, 1987 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.)T. intermedia Kulczyński, 1891 – Madeira, Portugal to TurkeyT. iriomotensis Okuma, 1991 – Japan (Okinawa )T. irridescens Stoliczka , 1869T. isidis (Simon, 1880) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Kazakhstan to IndiaT. iwahigensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – PhilippinesT. jaculator Tullgren , 1910Trinidad T. javana (Thorell, 1890) – Africa, Asia T. jejuna (Thorell, 1897) – MyanmarT. josephi Okuma, 1988 – India, Malaysia , Singapore T. jubensis Pavesi, 1895 – EthiopiaT. kamakou Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. kapua Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.T. kauaiensis Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. kea Gillespie, 1994 – HawaiiT. keyserlingi Simon, 1890 – Central America, Caribbean, Brazil, Africa, Korea, India to Philippines, New Hebrides, PolynesiaT. khanjahani Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 1996 – BangladeshT. kikokiko Gillespie, 2002 – HawaiiT. kiwuana Strand, 1913 – Central AfricaT. klossi Hogg, 1919 – Indonesia (Sumatra)T. kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1949 – KenyaT. kukuhaa Gillespie, 2002 – HawaiiT. kukuiki Gillespie, 2002 – HawaiiT. labialis Nicolet, 1849 – ChileT. laboriosa Hentz , 1850T. laminalis Strand, 1907 – East AfricaT. lancinans Kulczyński, 1911 – New GuineaT. laochenga Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – ChinaT. laqueata L. Koch, 1872 – Japan (Ogasawara Is.) to South Pacific Is.T. latro Tullgren, 1910 – East AfricaT. lauta Yaginuma, 1959 – China (Hong Kong ), Korea, Laos , Taiwan, JapanT. lea Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Russia (Far East), Japan, Korea?T. lena Gillespie, 2003 – HawaiiT. lepida Rainbow, 1916 – Australia (Queensland)T. levii Okuma, 1992 – MexicoT. lewisi Chickering, 1962 – JamaicaT. limu Gillespie, 2003 – HawaiiT. linearis Nicolet, 1849 – Colombia , ChileT. lineatula Roewer, 1942 – MalaysiaT. linyphioides Karsch, 1878 – Mozambique T. llavaca Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – PhilippinesT. longidens Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina, BrazilT. luculenta Simon, 1907 – Guinea-Bissau T. luteocincta Simon, 1908 – Australia (Western Australia)T. mabelae Chickering, 1957 – Panama, TrinidadT. macilenta L. Koch, 1872 – Australia (Norfolk Is.) to French Polynesia (Society Is.)T. macracantha Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. macrops Simon, 1907 – São Tomé and PríncipeT. maculata Blackwall , 1865T. maeandrata Simon, 1908 – Australia (Western Australia)T. maka Gillespie, 1994 – HawaiiT. makiharai Okuma, 1977 – Russia (Far East), Japan (mainland, Ryukyu Is.)T. mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 – Central America, Caribbean, Guyana, Brazil, West Africa , India to Philippines, AustraliaT. maralba Roberts, 1983 – Seychelles (Aldabra)T. margaritata L. Koch, 1872 – Australia (Queensland)T. marginata (Thorell, 1890) – Myanmar to New CaledoniaT. marquesiana Berland , 1935T. martinicensis Dierkens, 2011 – MartiniqueT. mawambina Strand, 1913 – Central AfricaTetragnatha megalocera Castanheira & Baptista, 2020 — BrazilT. mengsongica Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. mertoni Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.)T. mexicana Keyserling, 1865 – Mexico to PanamaT. micrura Kulczyński, 1911 – New Guinea, Solomon Is.T. minitabunda O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Syria , Lebanon , Israel T. modica Kulczyński, 1911 – New GuineaT. mohihi Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. montana Simon, 1874 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia
T. monticola Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. moua Gillespie, 2003 – Tahiti T. moulmeinensis Gravely, 1921 – MyanmarT. multipunctata Urquhart, 1891 – New ZealandT. nana Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. nandan Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. nepaeformis Doleschall , 1859T. nero Butler , 1876Mauritius (Rodriguez)T. netrix Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. nigricans Dalmas, 1917 – New ZealandT. nigrigularis Simon, 1898 – SeychellesT. nigrita Lendl, 1886 – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, JapanT. niokolona Roewer, 1961 – Senegal T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) – Asia. Introduced to the Americas, Madeira, Canary Is., Mediterranean, Madagascar , Pacific islands, New ZealandT. nitidiuscula Simon, 1907 – West AfricaT. nitidiventris Simon, 1907 – Guinea-BissauT. notophilla Boeris, 1889 – Peru T. noumeensis Berland, 1924 – New Caledonia T. novia Simon, 1901 – MalaysiaT. nubica Denis, 1955 – Niger T. obscura Gillespie, 2002 – HawaiiT. obscuriceps Caporiacco, 1940 – EthiopiaT. obtusa C. L. Koch , 1837T. oculata Denis, 1955 – NigerT. okumae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – PhilippinesT. olindana Karsch, 1880 – PolynesiaT. oomua Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.T. oreobia Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. orizaba (Banks, 1898) – Mexico, Cuba, JamaicaT. oubatchensis Berland, 1924 – New CaledoniaT. palikea Gillespie, 2003 – HawaiiT. pallescens F. O. Pickard-Cambridge , 1903T. pallida O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Costa Rica, PanamaT. paludicola Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. paludis Caporiacco, 1940 – EthiopiaT. panopea L. Koch, 1872 - Polynesia[11] Lord Howe Island [12] T. papuana Kulczyński, 1911 – New GuineaT. paradisea Pocock, 1901 – IndiaT. paradoxa Okuma, 1992 – Costa RicaT. paraguayensis (Mello-Leitão, 1939) – Paraguay T. parva Badcock, 1932 – ParaguayT. parvula Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.)T. paschae Berland, 1924 – Easter Is.T. perkinsi Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. perreirai Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. phaeodactyla Kulczyński, 1911 – New GuineaT. pilosa Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. pinicola L. Koch, 1870 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Korea, JapanT. piscatoria Simon, 1898 – CaribbeanT. planata Karsch, 1892 – Sri LankaT. plena Chamberlin, 1924 – ChinaT. polychromata Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. praedonia L. Koch, 1878 – Russia (Far East), China, Laos, Korea, Taiwan, JapanT. priamus Okuma, 1987 – Solomon Is.T. protensa Walckenaer, 1841 – Madagascar to Australia, New Caledonia, Palau Is.T. pseudonitens Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – ChinaT. puella Thorell, 1895 – Myanmar, Indonesia (Sumatra), New GuineaT. pulchella Thorell, 1877 – Indonesia (Sumatra, Sulawesi)T. punua Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.T. quadrinotata Urquhart, 1893 – Australia (Tasmania)T. quasimodo Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. quechua Chamberlin, 1916 – PeruT. radiata Chrysanthus , 1975T. rava Gillespie, 2003 – TahitiT. reimoseri (Rosca, 1939) – Central, Eastern Europe Tetragnatha renatoi Castanheira & Baptista, 2020 — Venezuela, Brazil, ArgentinaT. reni Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. restricta Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. retinens Chamberlin, 1924 – ChinaT. rimandoi Barrion, 1998 – PhilippinesT. rimitarae Strand, 1911 – PolynesiaT. riveti Berland, 1913 – Ecuador T. roeweri Caporiacco, 1949 – KenyaT. rossi Chrysanthus , 1975T. rouxi (Berland, 1924) – New CaledoniaT. rubriventris Doleschall, 1857 – New Guinea, Australia (Queensland)T. scopus Chamberlin, 1916 – PeruT. serra Doleschall, 1857 – Thailand to China (Hong Kong), New GuineaT. shanghaiensis Strand, 1907 – ChinaT. shinanoensis Okuma & Chikuni, 1978 – Korea, JapanT. shoshone Levi, 1981 – USA, Canada , Europe, Kazakhstan, Mongolia , ChinaT. sidama Caporiacco, 1940 – EthiopiaT. signata Okuma, 1987 – New GuineaT. similis Nicolet, 1849 – ChileT. simintina Roewer, 1961 – SenegalT. sinuosa Chickering, 1957 – PanamaT. sobrina Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. sociella Chamberlin, 1924 – ChinaT. squamata Karsch, 1879 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Taiwan, JapanT. stelarobusta Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. stellarum Chrysanthus , 1975T. sternalis Nicolet, 1849 – ChileT. stimulifera Simon, 1907 – CongoT. straminea Emerton, 1884 – USA, Canada, CubaT. strandi Lessert, 1915 – East, Southern Africa
T. streichi Strand, 1907 – ChinaT. striata L. Koch, 1862 – Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), KazakhstanT. subclavigera Strand, 1907 – CongoT. subesakii Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. subextensa Petrunkevitch, 1930 – Jamaica, Puerto RicoT. subsquamata Okuma, 1985 – Tanzania, South AfricaT. suoan Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. sutherlandi Gravely, 1921 – IndiaT. tahuata Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.T. tanigawai Okuma, 1988 – Japan (Ryukyu Is.)T. tantalus Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. taylori O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891 – South AfricaT. tenera Thorell, 1881 – India, Sri Lanka, Australia (Queensland)T. tenuis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Guatemala to PanamaT. tenuissima O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Mexico, Caribbean to BrazilT. tincochacae Chamberlin, 1916 – PeruT. tipula (Simon, 1894) – West AfricaT. tonkina Simon, 1909 – VietnamT. torrensis Schmidt & Piepho, 1994 – Cape Verde Is.T. trichodes Thorell, 1878 – IndonesiaT. tristani Banks, 1909 – Costa RicaT. trituberculata Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. tuamoaa Gillespie, 2003 – Society Is.T. tullgreni Lessert, 1915 – Central, East AfricaT. uluhe Gillespie, 2003 – HawaiiT. uncifera Simon, 1900 – HawaiiT. unicornis Tullgren, 1910 – East, South AfricaT. vacillans (Butler, 1876) – Mauritius (Rodriguez)T. valida Keyserling, 1887 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania)T. vermiformis Emerton, 1884 – Temperate and tropical Asia. Introduced to North and Central America, BrazilT. versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 – North, Central America, CubaT. virescens Okuma, 1979 – Bangladesh, Sri Lanka to Indonesia, PhilippinesT. viridis Walckenaer, 1841 – USA, CanadaT. viridorufa Gravely, 1921 – IndiaT. visenda Chickering, 1957 – JamaicaT. waikamoi Gillespie, 1992 – HawaiiT. yalom Chrysanthus , 1975T. yesoensis Saito, 1934 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, JapanT. yinae Zhao & Peng, 2010 – ChinaT. yongquiang Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. zangherii (Caporiacco, 1926) – ItalyT. zhaoi Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. zhaoya Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – ChinaT. zhuzhenrongi Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China In synonymy:
T. aduncata Wang, 1991 = Tetragnatha hasselti Thorell, 1890 T. alba F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 = Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, 1850 T. amplidens Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841 T. andina Taczanowski, 1878 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. anirensis Strand, 1915 = Tetragnatha biseriata Thorell, 1881 T. antillana Simon, 1897 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. apheles Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha mexicana Keyserling, 1865 T. aptans Chamberlin, 1920 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. banksi McCook, 1894 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 T. bemalcuei Mello-Leitão, 1939 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. borealis L. Koch, 1879 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873 T. boydi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. boydi Tullgren, 1910 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. casula Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. cliens Chamberlin, 1924 = Tetragnatha nigrita Lendl, 1886 T. conformans Chamberlin, 1924 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. confraterna Banks, 1909 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 T. convexa Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. coreana Seo & Paik, 1981 = Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884 T. culicivora Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841 T. decipiens Badcock, 1932 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. dentigera F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. earmra Levi, 1981 = Tetragnatha gracilis (Bryant, 1923) T. eitapensis Strand, 1913 = Tetragnatha ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 T. elmora Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. ethodon Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. festina Bryant, 1945 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. filiformis (Audouin, 1826) = Tetragnatha flava (Audouin, 1826) T. foliifera Simon, 1898 = Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872 T. fraterna Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 T. fuerteventurensis Wunderlich, 1992 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. galapagoensis Banks, 1902 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. graciliventris Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 T. grenda Roberts, 1983 = Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872 T. groenlandica Thorell, 1872 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus , 1758 ) T. haitiensis Bryant, 1945 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. harrodi Levi, 1951 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873 T. heatwolei Chrysanthus , 1975Tetragnatha bituberculata L. Koch, 1867 T. hotingchiehi Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. huahinensis Berland, 1942 = Tetragnatha macilenta L. Koch, 1872 T. infuscata Benoit, 1978 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 T. intermedia Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 T. japonica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. kaestneri (Crome, 1954) = Tetragnatha reimoseri (Rosca, 1939) T. kochi Thorell, 1895 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. kovblyuki Marusik, 2010 = Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981 T. laudativa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 T. limnocharis Seeley, 1928 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. listeri Gravely, 1921 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. mackenziei Gravely, 1921 = Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884 T. maderiana Schenkel, 1938 (described as subspecies of T. extensa ) = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus , 1758 ) T. mandibulata Gravely, 1921 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. manitoba Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus , 1758 ) T. marianna Archer, 1940 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. maxillosa Strand, 1911 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. modesta Hirst, 1911 = Tetragnatha ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 T. munda Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. necatoria Tullgren, 1910 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 T. nigrita Strand, 1906 = Tetragnatha praedonia L. Koch, 1878 T. nitens (Hogg, 1911) = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. nitens Wiehle, 1962 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. numa Levi & Levi, 1955 = Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, 1850 T. obtusa Kulczyński, 1891 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873 T. pelusia (Audouin, 1826) = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. peninsulana Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. peruviana Taczanowski, 1878 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. petrunkevitchi Caporiacco, 1947 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 T. pinea Seeley, 1928 = Tetragnatha viridis Walckenaer, 1841 T. potanini Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus , 1758 ) T. producta (Franganillo, 1930) = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. propioides Schenkel, 1936 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890 T. punctipes Westring, 1874 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873 T. qiuae Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 = Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981 T. quadridens Dondale, 1966 = Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872 T. ramboi Mello-Leitão, 1943 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 T. recurva Schenkel, 1936 = Tetragnatha squamata Karsch, 1879 T. rusticana Chickering, 1959 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus , 1758 ) T. sanctitata Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841 T. seminola Gertsch, 1936 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. seneca Seeley, 1928 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 T. shikokiana Yaginuma, 1960 = Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884 T. siduo Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841 T. soaresi Camargo, 1950 = Tetragnatha longidens Mello-Leitão, 1945 T. steckleri Gertsch & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826) T. trapezoides Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 T. tropica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841 T. valoka Chrysanthus , 1975Tetragnatha biseriata Thorell, 1881 T. vermiventris Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha javana (Thorell, 1890) T. vicina Simon, 1897 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
^ a b c "Gen. Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804" . World Spider Catalog Version 20.0 . Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi :10.24436/2 . Retrieved 2019-12-01 .^ a b Levi, H. W. (1981). "The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology . 149 : 282. ^ Dimitrov, D.; Álvarez-Padilla, F.; Hormiga, G. (2008). "Until dirt do us apart: On the unremarkable palp morphology of the spider Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993, with comments on the genus Prionolaema Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)". Zootaxa . 1698 : 51. doi :10.11646/zootaxa.1698.1.3 . ^ Latreille, P. A. (1804). "Tableau methodique des Insectes". Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris . 24 : 129–295.^ a b Casquet, Juliane; Bourgeois, Yann X. C.; Cruaud, Corinne; Gavory, Frédérick; Gillespie, Rosemary G.; Thébaud, Christophe (2015). "Community assembly on remote islands: a comparison of Hawaiian and Mascarene spiders" . Journal of Biogeography . 42 (1): 39–50. doi :10.1111/jbi.12391 . ISSN 1365-2699 . S2CID 83565719 . ^ Hänggi, Ambros; Stöckli, Edi; Nentwig, Wolfgang (1995). Lebensräume Mitteleuropäischer Spinnen . Miscellanea Faunistica Helvetiae – Centre suisse de cartographie de la faune, Neuchatel. ISBN 2-88414-008-5 ^ "Tetragnatha montana " . NatureSpot . Retrieved 4 February 2024 .^ Kallal, Robert J.; Kulkarni, Siddharth S.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Benavides, Ligia R.; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Giribet, Gonzalo; Hormiga, Gustavo (2021). "Converging on the orb: denser taxon sampling elucidates spider phylogeny and new analytical methods support repeated evolution of the orb web" . Cladistics . 37 (3): 298–316. doi :10.1111/cla.12439 . hdl :11250/2754972 ISSN 1096-0031 . PMID 34478199 . S2CID 228966334 . ^ Vandergast, Amy G.; Gillespie, Rosemary G.; Roderick, George K. (2004-04-27). "Influence of volcanic activity on the population genetic structure of Hawaiian Tetragnatha spiders: fragmentation, rapid population growth and the potential for accelerated evolution: POPULATION GENETICS OF HAWAIIAN TETRAGNATHA" . Molecular Ecology . 13 (7): 1729–1743. doi :10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02179.x . PMID 15189199 . S2CID 10090815 . ^ Kennedy, Susan; Lim, Jun Ying; Clavel, Joanne; Krehenwinkel, Henrik; Gillespie, Rosemary G. (2019). Godoy, Oscar (ed.). "Spider webs, stable isotopes and molecular gut content analysis: Multiple lines of evidence support trophic niche differentiation in a community of Hawaiian spiders" . Functional Ecology . 33 (9): 1722–1733. doi :10.1111/1365-2435.13361 . ISSN 0269-8463 . S2CID 182857924 . ^ Koch, L. (1872). Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet [Erster Theil, Lieferung 3-7] [The Arachnids of Australia, described and illustrated from nature [Part I, Series 3-7] ] (in German). Bauer & Raspe, Nürnberg. p. 190. doi :10.5962/bhl.title.121660 . ^ Marples, B. J. "Spiders from some Pacific islands, II." (1957)
Tetragnatha at Wikimedia Commons
Tetragnatha at Wikispecies
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