1944 – September: greatest destruction of the city centre and the port during bombings of the British Royal Air Force, more than 5,000 dead (Operation Astonia).
1945 – Rebuilding begins ("75% of Le Havre was leveled in Second World War").[16](fr)
"Havre", Handbook for Travellers in France (8th ed.), London: John Murray, 1861
Frederick Martin (1867), "Havre", Commercial Handbook of France, London: Longmans, Green, OCLC4471325
John Ramsay McCulloch (1880), "Havre", in Hugh G. Reid (ed.), Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
Édouard Frère (1860). "Journaux: Seine-Inf.: Havre". Manuel du bibliographie normand (in French). Vol. 2. Rouen. p. 120. hdl:2027/hvd.32044093616647.((cite book)): CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)