The timeline of nursing history in Australia and New Zealand stretches from the 19th century to the present.
19th century
1810s
1820s
Sydney hospital attended the site[clarification needed] of the first public hospital in Australia, the Rum Hospital, which was first opened and completed in July 1820s.[citation needed]
1830s
- 1838 – The first trained nurses arrive in Sydney, five Irish Sisters of Charity.[1]
1840s
- 1840 – Settlement of New Zealand as a colony and the establishment of state hospitals.[1]
- 1841 – People considered to be mentally ill were considered criminals. The first case of insanity in New Zealand's society was recorded in 1841 (Papps, E, 2002).
- 1847 – Wellington Hospital was established, The first New Zealand Hospital. Giselle's Journal, http://mylittleculturediary.blogspot.co.nz/2012/02/first-new-zealand-hospital-labyrinth.html (Barber, L., & Towers, R. (1976). Wellington Hospital 1847–1976. Wellington: Wellington Hospital Board.)
- 1848 – The Yarra Bend Asylum was opened so that those mentally ill could be moved out of gaol. This Asylum was later known as Melbourne.[3]
1850s
- 1854 – The first lunatic asylum was built, in Wellington, New Zealand.[1]
- 1860–1883 – Approximately 16,378 single women emigrated to New Zealand; 582 identified their occupation as a nurse, monthly nurse, sick nurse, trained nurse, nurse girl, midwife, hospital nurse or professional nurse. Orchard, S. (1997). More ‘ woman of good character': Nurses who came to New Zealand as immigrant settlers.[4]
- 1868 – Lucy Osburn and her four Nightingale nurses arrived at Sydney Infirmary (to become Sydney Hospital). They soon start the first nursing school.[1]
1870s
- 1870 – New Zealand had 37 hospitals as a result of the population increase of the gold rush.[5]
1880s
- 1885 – following the Hospital and Charitable Aids Act conditions improved.[6]
1890s
- 1899 – Australasian Trained Nurses' Association was founded in New South Wales.[1]
- 1899–1902 – The years of the South African War. During the 1899–1902 South African (Boer) War, nurses from each state in Australia joined volunteer troops, serving as private citizens or with the British nursing forces. Daly, J. Jackson, D. Speedy, S. (2010). Contexts of nursing (3rd ed.). Chatswood, NSW 2067. Australia. Cecotti,L. Prejudice times meant that although hundreds of female nurses applied there was conflict with those already in the military. Few however did serve in South Africa.[1]