• 1456 - Joan of Arc was acquitted posthumously.
• 1846 - Commodore John Drake Sloat occupied Monterey and Yerba Buena, beginning the United States annexation of California.
• 1898 - The U.S. annexed Hawaii.
• 1937 - The Marco Polo Bridge Incident marked the beginning of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
• 1946 - Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini became the first American saint to be canonized.

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