Regional biodiversity species list
Map of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements. Melkbosstrand is a few kilometers north of the displayed area on the west coast. Cape Hangklip is shown on the map to the south east. Marine ecoregions of the South African exclusive economic zone Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements. This is a list of brown seaweeds recorded from the oceans bordering The Cape Peninsula in South Africa from Melkbosstrand on the West Coast to Cape Hangklip on the South Coast.
This list comprises locally used common names , scientific names with author citation and recorded ranges . Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the Republic of South Africa .
Brown seaweed refers to thousands of species of macroscopic , multicellular , marine algae in the taxon Phaeophyta
The marine ecology is unusually varied for an area of this size, as a result of the meeting of two major oceanic water masses near Cape Point , and the park extends into two coastal marine bioregions . The ecology of the west or "Atlantic Seaboard" side of the Cape Peninsula is noticeably different in character and biodiversity to that of the east, or "False Bay " side. Both sides are classified as temperate waters, but there is a significant difference in average temperature, with the Atlantic side being noticeably colder on average.[1]
List ordering and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in Algaebase , and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule.
Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Aglaozonia sp. (Muizenberg, False Bay. Brandfontein. Bird Island, eastern Cape)[2] Acid weed Desmarestia herbacea firma (C.Agardh) A.F.Peters, E.C.Yang, F.C.Küpper & Prud'Homme van Reine, 2014, recorded as syn. Desmarestia firma (C.Agardh) Skottsberg in Nordenskjöld 1907, syn. Sporochnus herbaceus var. firma C.Agardh 1824,[3] [2] [4] Dictyota dichotoma Ulva dichotoma Hudson 1762, Zonaria dichotoma (Hudson) C.Agardh 1817, Fucus dichotomus (Hudson) Bertolini 1819, Haliseris dichotoma (Hudson) Sprengel 1827, Dichophyllium dichotomum (Hudson) Kützing 1843,[5] D. dichotoma var. intricata (C.Agardh) Greville 1830, common at Kalk Bay and Dalebrook, and occurring more or less throughout the range of the species)[2] Dictyota liturata J.Agardh 1848,[6] [2] [7] Spotted dictyota Dictyota naevosa (Suhr) Montagne 1840, syn. Zonaria naevosa Suhr 1834, Cutleria naevosa (Suhr) Hering ex Krauss 1846,[8] [2] [7] [4]
Intricate dictyota, Dictyota [4]
Multi-fanned zonaria Exallosorus harveyanus (Pappe ex Kützing) J.A.Phillips, 1997. Syn. Zonaria harveyana (Pappe ex Kützing) Areschoug 1851,[9] [2] [7] [4]
Articulated zonaria, Zonaria subarticulata (J.V.Lamouroux) Papenfuss, 1944.[4] [10] Acinetospora crinita Acinetospora pusilla var. crinita (Carmichael) Batters, Ectocarpus crinitus Carmichael 1833,[11] [2] Feldmannia irregularis (Kützing) G.Hamel 1939, syn. Ectocarpus irregularis Kützing 1845, Giffordia irregularis (Kützing) Joly 1965, Hincksia irregularis (Kützing) Amsler 1991,[12] [2] Hincksia granulosa (Smith) P.C.Silva in P.C.Silva, E.G.Meñez & R.L.Moe 1987, Conferva granulosa Smith 1811, Ectocarpus granulosus (Smith) C.Agardh 1828, Giffordia granulosa (Smith) G.Hamel 1939,[13] [2] Asperococcus compressus A.W.Griffiths ex W.J.Hooker 1833,[14] [2] Furry slime strings, Chordariaceae spp.[4]
Brown brains Leathesia marina Chaetophora marina Lyngbye 1819, Leathesia difformis (Linnaeus) J.E. Areschoug 1847,[15] [2] [4]
Myriocladia capensis J. Agardh 1848,[16] [2] Myriogloea abbreviata Kylin 1940,[17] [2] Myriogloea papenfussii Kylin 1940,[18] [2] Myrionema cf. magnusii (Sauvageau) Loiseaux 1967, syn. Ascocyclus magnusii Sauvageau 1927,[19] [2] Papenfussiella gracilis Kylin 1940,[20] [2] Zeacarpa leiomorpha Anderson, Simons & Bolton 1988,[21] [2] Family Chordariopsidaceae [ edit ] Cape cord weed Chordariopsis capensis (C.Agardh) Kylin 1940, syn. Chordaria flagelliformis var. capensis C.Agardh 1824,[22] [2] [4] Ectocarpus acutus Setchell & Gardner 1922c,[23] [2] Ectocarpus fasciculatus Harvey 1841,[24] [2] Ectocarpus siliculosus Conferva siliculosa Dillwyn 1809, Ceramium siliculosum (Dillwyn) C.Agardh 1811, Ectocarpus confervoides f. siliculosus (Dillwyn) Kjellman 1872, Ectocarpus confervoides var. siliculosus (Dillwyn) Farlow 1881,[25] [2] Ectocarpus [4] Family: Pylaiellaceae [ edit ] Bachelotia antillarum (Grunow) Gerloff 1959, syn. Ectocarpus antillarum Grunow 1867, Pylaiella antillarum (Grunow) De Toni 1895,[26] [2] Oyster thief Colpomenia sinuosa Ulva sinuosa Mertens ex Roth 1806, Encoelium sinuosum (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1820, Stilophora sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1827, Asperococcus sinuosus (Mertens ex Roth) Bory de Saint-Vincent 1832, Asperococcus sinuosus (C.Agardh) Zanardini 1841, Hydroclathrus sinuosus (Mertens) ex Roth) Zanardini 1843,[27] [2] [7] [4]
Compsonema cf. sessile Setchell & Gardner 1922a, (Oudekraal)[2] Starred cushion Iyengaria stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen 1939, syn. Rosenvingea stellata Børgesen 1928, Colpomenia stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen 1930,[28] [2] [4]
Petalonia binghamiae (J.Agardh) K.L.Vinogradova, 1973,[4] Endarachne binghamiae J.Agardh 1896,[29] [2] [7] [30] Petalonia fascia (O.F.Müller) Kuntze 1898, syn. Fucus fascia O.F.Müller 1778, Laminaria fascia (O.F.Müller) C.Agardh 1817, Ulva fascia (O.F.Müller) Lyngbye 1819, Ilea fascia (O.F.Müller) Fries 1835, Phyllitis fascia (O.F.Müller) Kützing 1843, Saccharina fascia (O.F.Müller) Kuntze 1891,[31] [2] Sausage skins, Scytosiphon lomentaria Chorda lomentaria Lyngbye 1819, Scytosiphon filum var. lomentarius (Lyngbye) C.Agardh 1820, Fucus lomentarius (Lyngbye) Sommerfelt 1826, Scytosiphon simplicissimus (Clemente) Cremades 1990, Ulva simplicissima Clemente 1807,[32] [33] [2] [4] Family Bifurcariopsidaceae [ edit ] Upright wrack Bifurcariopsis capensis (Areschoug) Papenfuss 1940a,[4] Fucodium capense Areschoug 1854, (Cape Infanta to Groen River )[2] [34] Long-leafed sargassum Anthophycus longifolius (Turner) Kützing, 1849 syn. Fucus longifolius Turner 1809, Sargassum longifolium (Turner) C.Agardh 1820, Carpophyllum longifolium (Turner) De Toni 1895,[35] [2] [7] [4]
Constricted axils Axillariella constricta (J.Agardh) P.C.Silva 1959b,[4] Fucodium constrictum J.Agardh 1848, Ascophyllum constricta (J.Agardh) Kuntze 1891, Ascophylla constricta (Kützing) Kuntze 1891,[36] [2]
Hanging wrack Brassicophycus brassicaeformis (Kützing) Draisma, Ballesteros, F.Rousseau & T.Thibaut 2010, syn. Pycnophycus brassicaeformis Kützing 1860, Bifurcaria brassicaeformis (Kützing) E.S.Barton 1893,[37] [2] [4]
Cystophora fibrosa Simons, 1970,[38] [2] Sargassum elegans Suhr, 1840,[39] [2] Different-leafed sargassum, Sargassum incisifolium (Turner) C.Agardh 1820, syn. Fucus incisifolius Turner 1811, Sargassum heterophyllum (Turner) C.Agardh, 1820,[40] [2] [7] [4] Split-fan kelp Laminaria pallida Hafgygia pallida (Greville) Areschchoug 1883, Saccharina pallida (Greville) Kuntze 1891,[41] schinzii form to at least Rocky Point in northern Namibia)[2] [4]
Bladder kelp Macrocystis pyrifera Macrocystis angustifolia Bory de Saint-Vincent 1826,[42] [2] [4] Sea bamboo Ecklonia maxima Fucus maximus Osbeck 1757,[43] [2] [4]
Spined kelp Ecklonia radiata Laminaria radiata C.Agardh 1817, Capea radiata (C.Agardh) Endlicher 1843,[44] [2] [7] [4] Family Neoralfsiaceae [ edit ] Neoralfsia expansa (J.Agardh) P.-E.Lim & H.Kawai ex Kraft 2009, syn. Myrionema expansum J.Agardh 1847, Ralfsia expansa (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1848,[45] [7] Ralfsia Ralfsia verrucosa Cruoria verrucosa Areschoug 1843,[46] [2] [4] Dead man's fingers, Splachnidium rugosum (Linnaeus) Greville 1830,[47] [2] [4] Sphacelaria brachygonia Montagne 1843,[48] [2] Sphacelaria rigidula Kützing 1843,[49] [2] Family Stypocaulaceae [ edit ] Broom-weed, Halopteris funicularis (Montagne) Sauvageau, 1904, also recorded as syn. Stypocaulon funiculare (Montagne) Kützing 1849,[50] [2] [4] Carpomitra costata (Stackhouse) Batters 1902,[51] [2] Sporochnus pedunculatus (Hudson) C. Agardh 1820,[52] [2] Geographical position of places mentioned in species ranges [ edit ]
Algoa Bay , Eastern Cape , 33°55′S 25°42′E / 33.917°S 25.700°E / -33.917; 25.700 Aliwal shoal, KwaZulu-Natal , 30°15′30″S 30°49′30″E / 30.25833°S 30.82500°E / -30.25833; 30.82500
Arniston (Waenhuiskrans), Western Cape , 34°40′S 20°14′E / 34.667°S 20.233°E / -34.667; 20.233 Betty's Bay , Western Cape, 34°22′S 18°56′E / 34.367°S 18.933°E / -34.367; 18.933 Bhanga Neck, KwaZulu-Natal, 27°01′00″S 32°50′00″E / 27.01667°S 32.83333°E / -27.01667; 32.83333
Bird Island , Eastern Cape, 33°50′28″S 26°17′10″E / 33.84111°S 26.28611°E / -33.84111; 26.28611 Blaauwberg , Western Cape, 33°48′S 18°27′E / 33.800°S 18.450°E / -33.800; 18.450 Black Rock, Northern KwaZulu-Natal, 27°08′00″S 32°50′00″E / 27.13333°S 32.83333°E / -27.13333; 32.83333
Brandfontein, Western Cape, 34°46′S 19°52′E / 34.767°S 19.867°E / -34.767; 19.867
Buffelsbaai (Cape Peninsula), Western Cape, 34°19′10″S 18°27′41″E / 34.31944°S 18.46139°E / -34.31944; 18.46139
Buffelsbaai (west coast), Western Cape, 33°35′S 18°21′E / 33.583°S 18.350°E / -33.583; 18.350
Buffelsbaai (south coast) , Western Cape, 34°05′S 22°58′E / 34.083°S 22.967°E / -34.083; 22.967 Cape Agulhas , Western Cape, 34°50′00″S 20°00′09″E / 34.83333°S 20.00250°E / -34.83333; 20.00250 Cape Columbine , Western Cape, 32°49′39″S 17°51′23″E / 32.82750°S 17.85639°E / -32.82750; 17.85639 Cape Frio, Namibia, 18°26′12″S 12°00′17″E / 18.43667°S 12.00472°E / -18.43667; 12.00472
Cape of Good Hope , Western Cape, 34°21′29″S 018°28′19″E / 34.35806°S 18.47194°E / -34.35806; 18.47194 Cape Province , or South Africa)Cape Peninsula , Western Cape 34°12′S 18°24′E / 34.200°S 18.400°E / -34.200; 18.400 Cape Hangklip , Western Cape, 34°23′17″S 018°49′35″E / 34.38806°S 18.82639°E / -34.38806; 18.82639 Cape Infanta, Western Cape, 34°25′S 20°51′E / 34.417°S 20.850°E / -34.417; 20.850
Clovelly , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°09′29″S 18°26′11″E / 34.15806°S 18.43639°E / -34.15806; 18.43639 Dalebrook, False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′29″S 18°27′11″E / 34.12472°S 18.45306°E / -34.12472; 18.45306
Danger Point, Western Cape, 34°37′55″S 19°17′34″E / 34.63194°S 19.29278°E / -34.63194; 19.29278
De Hoop , Western Cape, (just west of Cape Infanta) 32°26′03″S 20°32′52″E / 32.43417°S 20.54778°E / -32.43417; 20.54778 De Walle, (Die Walle), (Just west of Agulhas)
Die Dam (Quoin Point), Western Cape, 34°46′S 19°41′E / 34.767°S 19.683°E / -34.767; 19.683
Doring Bay (Doringbaai ), Western Cape, 31°49′S 18°14′E / 31.817°S 18.233°E / -31.817; 18.233
Durban , KwaZulu-Natal, 29°51′S 31°01′E / 29.850°S 31.017°E / -29.850; 31.017 Dwesa , Eastern Cape, 32°15′36″S 28°53′42″E / 32.26000°S 28.89500°E / -32.26000; 28.89500 East London , Eastern Cape, 32°59′S 027°52′E / 32.983°S 27.867°E / -32.983; 27.867 False Bay , Western Cape, 34°14′S 18°39′E / 34.233°S 18.650°E / -34.233; 18.650 Glencairn , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°09′50″S 18°26′00″E / 34.16389°S 18.43333°E / -34.16389; 18.43333 Groenrivier (Groen River ), 30°50′55″S 17°34′20″E / 30.84861°S 17.57222°E / -30.84861; 17.57222
Groot Bergrivier estuary (Berg River , Velddrif ), Western Cape, 32°47′S 18°10′E / 32.783°S 18.167°E / -32.783; 18.167
Haga Haga , Eastern Cape (N of E.London) 32°46′S 28°15′E / 32.767°S 28.250°E / -32.767; 28.250 The Haven, Eastern Cape, 150 km west of Port St. Johns , 32°14′50″S 28°55′15″E / 32.24722°S 28.92083°E / -32.24722; 28.92083
Hermanus , Western Cape, 34°25′S 19°14′E / 34.417°S 19.233°E / -34.417; 19.233 Hluleka , Eastern Cape, 31°49′S 29°18′E / 31.817°S 29.300°E / -31.817; 29.300 Hondeklipbaai , Northern Cape, 30°19′S 17°16′E / 30.317°S 17.267°E / -30.317; 17.267 Hout Bay , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°03′30″S 18°21′20″E / 34.05833°S 18.35556°E / -34.05833; 18.35556 Isipingo , KwaZulu-Natal, 29°59′50″S 30°57′20″E / 29.99722°S 30.95556°E / -29.99722; 30.95556 Island Rock, KwaZulu-Natal, 27°17′00″S 32°46′00″E / 27.28333°S 32.76667°E / -27.28333; 32.76667
Kalk Bay , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′40″S 18°27′00″E / 34.12778°S 18.45000°E / -34.12778; 18.45000 Kei River , Eastern Cape, 32°40′35″S 28°23′10″E / 32.67639°S 28.38611°E / -32.67639; 28.38611 Kenton-on-Sea , Eastern Cape, 33°42′S 26°41′E / 33.700°S 26.683°E / -33.700; 26.683 Keurboomstrand , Plettenberg Bay, Western Cape, 34°02′17″S 23°23′31″E / 34.03806°S 23.39194°E / -34.03806; 23.39194 Knysna , Western Cape, 34°05′02″S 23°03′37″E / 34.08389°S 23.06028°E / -34.08389; 23.06028 Kommetjie , Western Cape, 34°08′S 18°19′E / 34.133°S 18.317°E / -34.133; 18.317 Koppie Alleen, De Hoop , Western Cape,
Kosi Bay , Kwa-Zulu-Natal, 26°54′06″S 32°51′59″E / 26.90167°S 32.86639°E / -26.90167; 32.86639 Kowie River , Eastern Cape, 33°36′15″S 26°54′12″E / 33.60417°S 26.90333°E / -33.60417; 26.90333 Kraalbaai, Langebaan lagoon, Western Cape, 33°08′30″S 18°01′45″E / 33.14167°S 18.02917°E / -33.14167; 18.02917
Lala Nek, KwaZulu-Natal, 27°13′00″S 32°48′00″E / 27.21667°S 32.80000°E / -27.21667; 32.80000
Lamberts Bay , Western Cape, 32°05′24″S 18°18′10″E / 32.09000°S 18.30278°E / -32.09000; 18.30278 Leadsman shoal, KwaZulu-Natal, 28°23′00″S 32°25′15″E / 28.38333°S 32.42083°E / -28.38333; 32.42083
Langebaan Lagoon, Western Cape, 33°09′S 18°04′E / 33.150°S 18.067°E / -33.150; 18.067 Llandudno , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°00′30″S 18°20′20″E / 34.00833°S 18.33889°E / -34.00833; 18.33889 Lüderitz , Namibia, 26°38′53″S 15°9′34″E / 26.64806°S 15.15944°E / -26.64806; 15.15944 Mabibi, Kwa-Zulu-Natal, 29°20′10″S 32°45′10″E / 29.33611°S 32.75278°E / -29.33611; 32.75278
Mapelane, Maphelana, KwaZulu-Natal, near St. Lucia, 28°24′28″S 32°25′44″E / 28.40778°S 32.42889°E / -28.40778; 32.42889
Melkbosstrand , Western Cape, 33°43′38″S 18°26′06″E / 33.72722°S 18.43500°E / -33.72722; 18.43500 Mission Rocks, KwaZulu-Natal, 28°16′23″S 32°29′55″E / 28.27306°S 32.49861°E / -28.27306; 32.49861
Mkambati , KwaZulu-Natal, 31°17′S 29°57′E / 31.283°S 29.950°E / -31.283; 29.950 [dubious discuss Morgan's Bay , Eastern Cape, (Near Kei mouth) 32°42′0″S 28°21′0″E / 32.70000°S 28.35000°E / -32.70000; 28.35000 Möwe Bay, Namibia, 19°22′48″S 12°42′29″E / 19.38000°S 12.70806°E / -19.38000; 12.70806
Mtwalume river, KwaZulu-Natal,
Noordhoek , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°07′S 18°21′E / 34.117°S 18.350°E / -34.117; 18.350 Muizenberg , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′S 018°28′E / 34.117°S 18.467°E / -34.117; 18.467 Oatlands Point, False Bay, Western Cape, 34°12′30″S 18°27′44″E / 34.20833°S 18.46222°E / -34.20833; 18.46222
Oudekraal , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 33°59′09″S 18°20′55″E / 33.98583°S 18.34861°E / -33.98583; 18.34861 Olifantsbos, Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°16′23″S 18°22′45″E / 34.27306°S 18.37917°E / -34.27306; 18.37917
Palm Beach, South Africa , 30°59′S 30°16′E / 30.983°S 30.267°E / -30.983; 30.267 Park Rynie , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°19′S 30°44′E / 30.317°S 30.733°E / -30.317; 30.733 Paternoster , Western Cape, 32°49′S 17°53′E / 32.817°S 17.883°E / -32.817; 17.883 Papenkuilsfontein, Western Cape, 10 km west of Agulhas
Pearly Beach , Western Cape, 34°39′S 19°29′E / 34.650°S 19.483°E / -34.650; 19.483 Platbank, Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, °'"S °'E34°20′5″S 18°29′09″E / 34.33472°S 18.48583°E / -34.33472; 18.48583
Platboombaai, 34°20′20″S 18°27′08″E / 34.33889°S 18.45222°E / -34.33889; 18.45222
Plettenberg Bay , Western Cape, 34°03′S 023°22′E / 34.050°S 23.367°E / -34.050; 23.367 Ponta do Ouro , Mozambique border, 26°50′36″S 32°53′48″E / 26.84333°S 32.89667°E / -26.84333; 32.89667 Port Alfred , Eastern Cape, 33°36′15″S 26°54′12″E / 33.60417°S 26.90333°E / -33.60417; 26.90333 Port Edward , KwaZulu-Natal 31°03′S 30°13′E / 31.050°S 30.217°E / -31.050; 30.217 Port Elizabeth , Eastern Cape, 33°58′S 25°35′E / 33.967°S 25.583°E / -33.967; 25.583 Port Nolloth , Northern Cape, 22°15′S 16°52′E / 22.250°S 16.867°E / -22.250; 16.867 Port St. Johns , KwaZulu-Natal, 31°37′40″S 29°33′20″E / 31.62778°S 29.55556°E / -31.62778; 29.55556 Postberg , Western Cape, 33°07′S 18°00′E / 33.117°S 18.000°E / -33.117; 18.000 Protea Banks, KwaZulu-Natal, 30°50′S 30°28′E / 30.833°S 30.467°E / -30.833; 30.467
Rabbit Rock, KwaZulu-Natal,
Robberg, Western Cape, 34°06′30″S 23°24′45″E / 34.10833°S 23.41250°E / -34.10833; 23.41250
Rocky Point, Namibia,
Saldanha Bay , Western Cape, 33°01′S 17°59′E / 33.017°S 17.983°E / -33.017; 17.983 Saxon Reef, KwaZulu-Natal, (near Mozambique border),
Scarborough , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°12′00″S 18°22′13″E / 34.20000°S 18.37028°E / -34.20000; 18.37028 Scottburgh , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°17′S 30°45′E / 30.283°S 30.750°E / -30.283; 30.750 Sea Point , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 33°55′19″S 18°22′37″E / 33.92194°S 18.37694°E / -33.92194; 18.37694 Shelly Beach, KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°48′S 30°25′E / 30.800°S 30.417°E / -30.800; 30.417 Simon's Town , Western Cape, 34°11′S 18°26′E / 34.183°S 18.433°E / -34.183; 18.433 Smitswinkel Bay , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°16′S 18°28′E / 34.267°S 18.467°E / -34.267; 18.467 Sodwana Bay , KwaZulu-Natal, 27°32′S 32°41′E / 27.533°S 32.683°E / -27.533; 32.683 Soetwater,
Stilbaai (Still Bay), Western Cape, E34°22′S 21°25′E / 34.367°S 21.417°E / -34.367; 21.417 St Helena Bay , Western Cape, 32°43′S 18°06′E / 32.717°S 18.100°E / -32.717; 18.100 St. James , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′29″S 18°27′11″E / 34.12472°S 18.45306°E / -34.12472; 18.45306 St Lucia , KwaZulu-Natal, 28°23′03″S 32°25′46″E / 28.38417°S 32.42944°E / -28.38417; 32.42944 Strand , Western Cape, 34°07′S 18°49′E / 34.117°S 18.817°E / -34.117; 18.817 Strandfontein , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°05′22″S 18°33′18″E / 34.08944°S 18.55500°E / -34.08944; 18.55500 Strandfontein , Western Cape, 31°45′20″S 18°13′38″E / 31.75556°S 18.22722°E / -31.75556; 18.22722 Swakopmund , Namibia, 22°41′S 14°32′E / 22.683°S 14.533°E / -22.683; 14.533 Swartklip , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°04′30″S 18°41′10″E / 34.07500°S 18.68611°E / -34.07500; 18.68611 Swartkops River , 33°51′56″S 25°37′58″E / 33.86556°S 25.63278°E / -33.86556; 25.63278 Table Bay , Western Cape, 33°53′S 18°27′E / 33.883°S 18.450°E / -33.883; 18.450 Three Anchor Bay , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 33°54′22″S 19°23′51″E / 33.90611°S 19.39750°E / -33.90611; 19.39750 Three Sisters (Eastern Cape), Riet River, 10 km west of Port Alfred, Eastern Cape,
Trafalgar , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°58′S 30°18′E / 30.967°S 30.300°E / -30.967; 30.300 Tsitsikamma , Eastern Cape, 34°01′18″S 22°53′44″E / 34.02167°S 22.89556°E / -34.02167; 22.89556 Umhlali , KwaZulu-Natal, (mHlali river mouth) 29°27′45″S 31°16′45″E / 29.46250°S 31.27917°E / -29.46250; 31.27917 Umpangazi, KwaZulu-Natal, (Cape Vidal?) 28°07′45″S 32°33′50″E / 28.12917°S 32.56389°E / -28.12917; 32.56389
Uvongo , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°49′S 30°23′E / 30.817°S 30.383°E / -30.817; 30.383 Waterloo Bay , Eastern Cape, 33°29′S 27°10′E / 33.483°S 27.167°E / -33.483; 27.167 Yzerfontein , Western Cape, 33°20′S 18°10′E / 33.333°S 18.167°E / -33.333; 18.167
^ "Table Mountain National Park" . MPA Forum South Africa . Retrieved 26 May 2018 .^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at Stegenga, H., Bolton, J.J., & Anderson, R.J. 1997. Seaweeds of the South African West Coast . Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town. ISBN 0-7992-1793-X
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3458 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina. Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. ^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=60 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=867 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ a b c d e f g h i Tronchin, E.M. and De Clerk, O in De Clerck, O., Bolton, J.J., Anderson, R. J. & Coppejans, E. 2005. Guide to the Seaweeds of KwazZulu-Natal . Scripta Botanica Belgica Volume 33. Joint publication of: National Botanical gardens of Belgium, VLIZ Flanders Marine Institute and Flemish Community. ISBN 90-72619-64-1
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3455 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=43277 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Zonaria subarticulata (J.V.Lamouroux) Papenfuss, 1944. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=145396 on 2023-10-14
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=246 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=951 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=251 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=293 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=12461 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3445 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3447 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3446 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=279 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3448 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3444 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3449 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3442 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=248 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1368 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=923 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=831 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3460 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3459 ; searched on 26 February 2012.
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Petalonia binghamiae (J.Agardh) K.L.Vinogradova, 1973. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=499665 on 2023-10-14
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=75 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Silva, Basson & Moe 1996
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=76 ; searched on 27 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3467 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3469 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3465 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=138668 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3468 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3470 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=20854 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3461 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3464 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3462 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3463 ; searched on 24 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=132982 ; searched on 15 March 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=305 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3450 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3451 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=333 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3453 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=63 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=64 ; searched on 26 February 2012
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