Regional biodiversity species list
Map of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements. Melkbosstrand is a few kilometers north of the displayed area on the west coast. Cape Hangklip is shown on the map to the south east. Marine ecoregions of the South African exclusive economic zone Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements. This is a list of red seaweeds recorded from the oceans bordering The Cape Peninsula in South Africa from Melkbosstrand on the West Coast to Cape Hangklip on the South Coast.
This list comprises locally used common names , scientific names with author citation and recorded ranges . Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the Republic of South Africa .
Red seaweed refers to thousands of species of macroscopic , multicellular , marine algae in the taxon Rhodophyta
The marine ecology is unusually varied for an area of this size, as a result of the meeting of two major oceanic water masses near Cape Point , and the park extends into two coastal marine bioregions . The ecology of the west or "Atlantic Seaboard" side of the Cape Peninsula is noticeably different in character and biodiversity to that of the east, or "False Bay " side. Both sides are classified as temperate waters, but there is a significant difference in average temperature, with the Atlantic side being noticeably colder on average.[1]
List ordering and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in Algaebase , and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule.
Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Bangia atropurpurea Conferva atropurpurea Mertens ex Roth 1806, Oscillatoria atropurpurea (Roth) C.Agardh 1817, Bangia fuscopurpurea var. atropurpurea (Roth) Lyngbye 1819, Bangia atropurpurea (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1824, Bangiella atropurpurea (Roth) Gaillon 1833, Bangiadulcis atropurpurea (Roth) W.A.Nelson 2007,[2] [3] Purple laver, Porphyra capensis [4] [3] [5]
Pyropia gardneri (G.M.Smith & Hollenberg) S.C.Lindstrom in Sutherland et al. 2011, syn. Porphyrella gardneri G.M.Smith & Hollenberg 1943, Porphyra gardneri (G.M.Smith & Hollenberg) M.W.Hawkes 1977,[6] [3] Pyropia saldanhae (Stegenga, J.J.Bolton & R.J.Anderson) J.E.Sutherland in Sutherland et al. 2011, syn. Porphyra saldanhae Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[7] [3] Family Phragmonemataceae [ edit ] Neevea cf. repens Batters 1900,[8] [3] Erythrocladia cf. polystromatica P.J.L.Dangeard 1932,[9] [3] Erythrotrichia carnea Erythrocladia carnea , Conferva carnea Dillwyn 1807, Bangia ciliaris subsp. pulchella (Harvey) De Toni 1897,[10] [3] Erythrotrichia welwitschii Cruoria welwitschii Ruprecht 1850,[11] [3] Membranella africana Stegenga, Bolton & Anderson 1997,[12] [3] Porphyrostromium boryanum (Montagne) P.C.Silva in Silva, Basson & Moe 1996, Porphyra boryana Montagne 1846, Erythrotrichia boryana (Montagne) Berthold 1882, Phyllona boryana (Montagne) Kuntze 1891, Erythrotrichopeltis boryana (Montagne) Kornmann 1984, Porphyrostromium boryanum (Montagne) M.J.Wynne 1986,[13] [3] Sahlingia subintegra (Rosenvinge, 1909) Kornmann 1989, syn. Erythrocladia subintegra Rosenvinge 1909, Erythrocladia irregularis f. subintegra (Rosenvinge) Garbary, Hansen & Scagel 1981. Erythropeltis subintegra (Rosenvinge) Kornmann & Sahling 1985, Erythrotrichopeltis subintegra (Rosenvinge) Kornmann & Sahling 1985,[14] [3] Family Acrochaetiaceae [ edit ] Acrochaetium brebneri (Batters) G.Hamel 1928, syn. Rhodochorton brebneri Batters 1897, Chantransia brebneri (Batters) Rosenvinge 1909, Audouinella brebneri (Batters) P.S.Dixon 1976,[15] [3] Acrochaetium balliae (Stegenga), nom. illeg. syn. Audouinella balliae Stegenga 1985,[16] [3] Acrochaetium catenulatum M.A.Howe 1914,[17] [3] Acrochaetium endozoicum (Darbishire) Batters 1902, syn. Chantransia endozoica Darbishire 1899, Rhodochorton endozoicum (Darbishire) Drew 1928, Audouinella endozoica (Darbishire) P.S.Dixon 1976,[18] [3] Acrochaetium moniliforme (Rosenvinge) Børgesen 1915, Chantransia moniliformis Rosenvinge 1909, Rhodochorton moniliforme (Rosenvinge) Drew 1928, Kylinia moniliformis (Rosenvinge) Kylin 1944, Chromastrum moniliforme (Rosenvinge) Papenfuss 1945, Audouinella moniliformis (Rosenvinge) Garbary 1979,[19] [3] Acrochaetium plumosum (K.M.Drew) G.M.Smith 1944, syn. Colaconema plumosum (Drew) Woelkerling 1971, Rhodochorton Plumosum Drew 1928,[20] [3] Acrochaetium reductum (Rosenvinge) G.Hamel 1927, syn. Chantransia reducta Rosenvinge 1909,[21] [3] Acrochaetium secundatum (Lyngbye) Nägeli 1858, syn. Callithamnion daviesii var. secundatum Lyngbye 1819,[22] [3] Audouinella occulta H.Stegenga 1985,[23] [3] Audouinella monorhiza (Stegenga) Garbary 1987, syn. Colaconema monorhiza Stegenga 1985,[24] [3] Audouinella pectinata (Kylin) Papenfuss 1945, syn. Chantransia pectinata Kylin, 1906,[25] [3] Audouinella spongicola (Weber-van Bosse) Stegenga 1985, syn. Acrochaetium spongicola Weber-van Bosse 1921,[26] [3] Ballia callitricha (C.Agardh) Kützing 1843, syn. Sphacelaria callitricha C.Agardh 1824,[27] [3] Ballia sertularioides (Suhr) Papenfuss 1940, syn. Callithamnion sertularioides Suhr 1840,[28] [3] Asparagopsis armata Falkenbergia rufolanosa (Harvey) F.Schmitz in Engler & Prantl 1897,[29] [3] Bonnemaisonia hamifera [30] [3] Delisea flaccida (Suhr) Papenfuss 1940, syn. Sphaerococcus flaccidus Suhr 1834,[31] [3] Aglaothamnion hookeri (Dillwyn) Maggs & Hommersand 1993, syn. Conferva hookeri Dillwyn 1809, Callithamnion hookeri (Dillwyn) S.F.Gray 1821,[32] [3] Callithamnion stuposum Suhr 1840, syn. Phlebothamnion stuposum (Suhr) Kützing 1843, Spongoclonium stuposum (Suhr) De Toni 1903,[33] [3] Callithamnion [3] Heteroptilon pappeanum (Kützing) Hommersand in Hommersand, D.W. Freshwater, J. López-Bautista, & S. Fredericq 2006, syn. Euptilota pappeana Kützing 1849,[34] [3] Antithamnion diminuatum var. polyglandulum Stegenga 1986,[35] [3] Antithamnion pseudoarmatum Stegenga 1986,[36] [3] Antithamnionella tasmanica Wollaston 1968,[37] [3] Antithamnionella tormentosa Stegenga 1986,[38] [3] Antithamnionella verticillata (Suhr) Lyle 1922, syn. Callithamnion vertillatum Suhr 1840, Antithamnion verticillatum (Suhr) De Toni 1903,[39] [3] Bornetia repens Stegenga 1985,[40] [3] Callithamniella capensis Simons 1970,[41] [3] Callithamnion stuposum Suhr 1840, syn. Phlebothamnion stuposum (Suhr) Kützing 1843, Spongoclonium stuposum (Suhr) De Toni 1903,[42] [43] Flaccid kelp-weed, Carpoblepharis flaccida (J.V.Lamouroux) Kützing 1849, syn. Ptilota flaccida (J.V.Lamouroux) C.Agardh 1822, Delesseria flaccida J.V.Lamouroux 1813,[44] [3] [5]
Carpoblepharis minima E.S.Barton 1893,[45] [3] Centroceras clavulatum (C.Agardh) Montagne 1846, syn. Ceramium clavulatum C.Agardh 1822, Spyridia clavulata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1842,[46] [3] [5] Centroceras distichum Okamura 1934,[47] [3] Curl-claw, Centroceras [5]
Beaded ceramium, Ceramium arenarium Simons 1966,[48] [3] [5]
Black-red ceramium, Ceramium atrorubescens Kylin, 1938.[5] [49]
Ceramium aff. callipterum Mazoyer 1938,[50] [3] Ceramium camouii E.Y.Dawson 1944,[51] [3] Cape ceramium, Ceramium capense Kützing 1841,[52] [3] [5]
Ceramium centroceratiforme Simons 1966,[53] [3] Ceramium dawsonii A.B.Joly 1957,[54] [3] Ceramium glanduliferum Kylin 1938,[55] [3] Coarse ceramium, Ceramium obsoletum C.Agardh 1828,[56] [3] [5]
Ceramium papenfussianum Simons 1966,[57] [3] Flat-fern ceramium, Ceramium planum Kützing 1849,[58] [3] [5]
Ceramium tenerrimum (G.Martens) Okamura 1921, syn. Hormoceras tenerrimum G.Martens 1866,[59] [3] Compsothamnionella sciadophila Stegenga 1990,[60] [3] Crouania attenuata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1842, syn. Mesogloia attenuata C.Agardh 1824,[61] [3] Crouania francescoi Cormaci, G.Furnari & Scammacca 1978,[62] [3] Laurenciophila minima Stegenga 1986,[63] [3] Microcladia gloria-spei Stegenga 1986,[64] [3] Platythamnion capense Stegenga 1986,[65] [3] Pterothamnion recurvatum (Wollaston) Athanasiadis & Kraft 1994, syn. Platythamnion recurvatum E.M.Wollaston 1972,[66] [3] Aristocratic plume-weed, Callithamnion collabens (Rudolphi) L.McIvor & Maggs 2002, syn. Asperocaulon collabens Rudolphi 1831, Aristothamnion collabens (Rudolphi) Papenfuss 1968,[67] [3] [5]
Iridescent plume-weed, Callithamnion stuposum Suhr, 1840[68] [5] Dasya echinata Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[69] [3] Bottlebrush, Dasya scoparia Harvey in J. Agardh 1841,[70] [3] [43] [5]
Heterosiphonia arenaria Kylin 1938,[71] [3] Heterosiphonia crispa (Suhr) Falkenberg 1901, syn. Dasya crispa Suhr 1840,[72] [3] Heterosiphonia dubia (Suhr) Falkenberg 1901, syn. Dasya dubia Suhr 1840,[73] [3] Heterosiphonia pellucida (Harvey) Falkenberg 1901, syn. Dasya pellucida Harvey 1849,[74] [3] Acrosorium acrospermum (J.Agardh) Kylin 1938, Plain acrosorium, syn. Nitophyllum ascospermum J.Agardh 1852,[75] [3] [5] Acrosorium maculatum (Sonder ex Kützing) Papenfuss 1940, syn. Aglaophyllum maculatum Sonder ex Kützing 1866, Nitophyllum uncinatum var. maculatum (Sonder ex Kützing) De Toni 1900,[76] [3] Acrosorium ciliolatum (Harvey) Kylin 1924, crled acrosorium, syn. Nitophyllum ciliolatum Harvey 1855, Aglaophyllum ciliolatum (Harvey) Kützing 1869, Nitophyllum venulosum Zanardini 1866, Acrosorium venulosum (Zanardini) Kylin 1924,[77] A. venulosum , Kommetjie to KwaZulu-Natal)[3] A. ciliatum , Kommetjie eastward extending into KwaZulu-Natal at least as far as Sodwana Bay)[43] [5] Apoglossum ruscifolium Fucus ruscifolius Turner 1802, Delesseria ruscifolia (Turner) J.V.Lamouroux 1813,[78] [3] Bartoniella crenata (J.Agardh ex Mazza) Kylin 1924, syn. Phitymophora crenata J.Agardh ex Mazza 1908,[79] [3] [43] Black spot, Botryocarpa prolifera Greville 1830,[80] [3] [5]
Botryoglossum, Botryoglossum platycarpum (Turner) Kützing 1843, syn. Fucus platycarpus Turner 1809, Delesseria platycarpa (Turner) J.V.Lamouroux 1813, Phyllophora platycarpa (Turner) Greville ex Krauss 1846, Nitophyllum platycarpum (Turner) J.Agardh 1876,[81] [3] [5]
Erythroglossum sp. indet. (Glencairn to Hluleka, endemic)[3] Gonimophyllum africanum M.T.Martin & M.A.Pocock 1953,[82] [3] Haraldiophyllum bonnemaisonii (Kylin) A.D.Zinova 1981, syn. Myriogramme bonnemaisonii Kylin 1924, Nitophyllum bonnemaisonii (Kylin) Kylin 1934,[83] [3] Veined oil-weed, Hymenena venosa (Linnaeus) Krauss 1846, syn. Fucus venosus Linnaeus 1771, Delesseria venosa (Turner) J.V.Lamouroux 1813,[84] [3] [5]
Martensia elegans Capraella elegans (Harvey) J.De Toni 1936, Mesotrema elegans (Hering) Papenfuss 1942,[85] [43] Myriogramme eckloniae Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[86] [3] Myriogramme livida (J.D.Hooker & Harvey) Kylin 1924, syn. Nitophyllum lividum J.D.Hooker & Harvey 1845, Cryptopleura livida (J.D.Hooker & Harvey) Kützing 1868,[87] [3] Veined tongues, Neuroglossum binderianum Kützing 1843,[88] [3] [5]
Papenfussia laciniata (Harvey) M.D. Guiry 2005?, syn. Pollexfenia laciniata Harvey 1844,[89] [3] Frilly broekies, Paraglossum papenfussii (M.J.Wynne) S.-M.Lin, Fredericq & Hommersand, 2012,[5] Delesseria papenfussii M.J.Wynne 1984,[90] [3] [91]
Platyclinia sp. (Olifantsbos)[3] Platysiphonia intermedia (Grunow) M.J.Wynne 1983, syn. Sarcomenia intermedia Grunow 1867,[92] [3] Delesseriaceae [3] Aiolocolax pulchellus M.A.Pocock 1956,[93] [3] Bostrychia intricata (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Montagne 1852, syn. Scytonema intricatum Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828, Stictosiphonia intricata (Bory de Saint-Vincent) P.C.Silva 1996,[94] [3] Kelp fern, Carradoriella virgata (C.Agardh) P.C.Silva, 1996, recorded as syn. Polysiphonia virgata (C.Agardh) Sprengel 1827,[5] Hutchinsia virgata C.Agardh 1824, Carradoria virgata (C.Agardh) Kylin 1956,[95] [3] [96]
Cape chondria, Chondria capensis (Harvey) Askenasy 1888, syn. Laurencia capensis Harvey 1849, Chondriopsis capensis (Harvey) J.Agardh 1863,[97] [3] [5]
Falkenbergiella capensis Kylin 1938,[98] [3] Herposiphonia didymosporangia Stegenga & Kemperman 1987,[99] [3] Herposiphonia heringii (Harvey) Falkenberg 1901, syn. Polysiphonia heringii Harvey 1847,[100] [3] Herposiphonia secunda (C.Agardh) Ambronn 1880, syn. Hutchinsia secunda C.Agardh 1824, Polysiphonia secunda (C.Agardh) Zanardini 1840, Herposiphonia tenella f. secunda (C.Agardh) Hollenberg 1968,[101] [3] Flexuose laurencia, Laurencia flexuosa Kützing 1849,[102] [3] [43] [5]
Grape laurencia, Laurencia glomerata (Kützing) Kützing 1849, syn. Chondria glomerata Kützing 1847,[103] [3] [5]
Laurencia peninsularis Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1987,[104] [3] Ophidocladus simpliciusculus (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Falkenberg in Schmitz & Falkenberg 1897, syn. Polysiphonia simpliciuscula P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan 1852,[105] [3] Pachychaeta cryptoclada Falkenberg 1901,[106] [3] Placophora binderi (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1863, syn. Amansia binderi J.Agardh 1841, Micramansia binderi (J.Agardh) Kützing 1865,[107] [3] [43] Placophora monocarpa (Montagne) Papenfuss 1956, syn. Polysiphonia monocarpa Montagne 1842,[108] [3] Polysiphonia incompta Harvey 1847,[109] [3] [43] Polysiphonia namibiensis Stegenga & Engeldow in Stegenga, Bolton & Anderson 1997,[110] [3] Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey 1855, syn. Vertebrata scopulorum (Harvey) Kuntze 1891, Lophosiphonia scopulorum (Harvey) Womersley 1950,[111] [3] Polysiphonia urbana Harvey 1847,[112] [3] Polysiphonia [3] Red feather-weed, Pterosiphonia cloiophylla (C.Agardh) Falkenberg in Schmitz & Falkenberg 1897, syn. Rytiphlaea cloiophylla (C.Agardh) J.Agardh, Rhodomela cloiophylla C.Agardh 1822, Polysiphonia cloiophylla (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1863,[113] [3] [5]
Pterosiphonia stangeri (J.Agardh) Falkenberg 1901, syn. Polysiphonia stangeri J.Agardh 1863, Vertebrata stangeri (J.Agardh) Kuntze 1891,[114] [3] Streblocladia camptoclada (Montagne) Falkenberg 1901, syn. Polysiphonia camptoclada Montagne 1837,[115] [3] Streblocladia corymbifera (C.Agardh) Kylin 1938, syn. Hutchinsia corymbifera C.Agardh 1828, Polysiphonia corymbifera (C.Agardh) Endlicher 1843,[116] [3] Stromatocarpus parasiticus Falkenberg in Schmitz & Falkenberg 1897,[117] [3] Tayloriella tenebrosa (Harvey) Kylin 1938, Polysiphonia tenebrosa Harvey 1847,[118] [3] [5] Family Spyridiaceae [ edit ] Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey in Hooker 1833, syn. Fucus filamentosus Wulfen 1803, Hutchinsia filamentosa (Wulfen) C.Agardh 1824, Polysiphonia filamentosa (Wulfen) Sprengel 1827, Ceramium filamentosum (Wulfen) C.Agardh 1828,[119] [3] Spyridia plumosa F.Schmitz ex J.Agardh 1897,[120] [3] [43] Anotrichium furcellatum (J.Agardh) Baldock 1976, syn. Griffithsia furcellata J.Agardh 1842, Neomonospora furcellata (J.Agardh) Feldmann-Mazoyer & Meslin 1939, Corynospora furcellata (J.Agardh) Levring 1974,[121] [3] Anotrichium tenue (C.Agardh) Nägeli 1862, syn. Griffithsia tenuis C.Agardh 1828,[122] [3] Griffithsia confervoides Suhr 1840,[123] [3] Gymnothamnion elegans Callithamnion elegans Schousboe ex C.Agardh 1828,[124] [3] Gymnothamnion elegans bisporum Stegenga 1986,[125] [3] Hommersandiella humilis (Kützing) Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari 2007, syn. Callithamnion humile Kützing 1849, Lomathamnion humile (Kützing) Stegenga 1989,[126] [3] Lomathamnion capense Stegenga 1984,[127] [3] Pleonosporium filicinum (Harvey ex J.Agardh) De Toni 1903, syn. Halothamnion filicinum Harvey ex J.Agardh 1876,[128] [3] Pleonosporium harveyanum (J.Agardh) De Toni 1903, syn. Halothamnion harveyanum J.Agardh 1876,[129] [3] Pleonosporium paternoster Stegenga 1986,[130] [3] Pleonosporium ramulosum (J.Agardh) De Toni 1903, Corynospora ramulosa J.Agardh 1851,[131] [3] Ptilothamnion polysporum Gordon-Mills & Wollaston in Wollaston 1984;[132] [3] Spongoclonium caribaeum (Børgesen) M.J.Wynne 2005, syn. Mesothamnion caribaeum Børgesen 1917, Pleonosporium caribaeum (Børgesen) R.E.Norris 1985,[133] [3] [43] Tiffaniella cymodoceae (Børgesen) E.M.Gordon 1972, syn. Spermothamnion cymodoceae Børgesen 1952,[3] [134] [3] Tiffaniella schmitziana (E.S.Barton) Bolton & Stegenga 1987, syn. Spermothamnion schmitzianum E.S.Barton 1893,[135] [3] Wrangelia purpurifera J.Agardh 1863,[136] [3] Colaconema caespitosum (J.Agardh) Jackelman, Stegenga & J.J.Bolton 1991,[137] [3] Colaconema daviesii (Dillwyn) Stegenga 1985,[138] [3] Colaconema interpositum (Heydrich) H.Stegenga, J.J.Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[139] [3] Colaconema nemalionis (De Notaris ex L.Dufour) Stegenga 1985,[140] [3] Colaconema panduripodium H.Stegenga, J.J.Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[141] [3] Amphiroa capensis Areschoug 1852,[142] [3] Amphiroa epheddraea horsetail coralline,[5] Arthrocardia corymbosa (Lamarck) Decaisne 1842, syn. Corallina corymbosa Lamarck 1815, Amphiroa corymbosa (Lamarck) Decaisne 1842, Cheilosporum corymbosum (Lamarck) Decaisne 1842,[143] [3] Arthrocardia flabellata (Kützing) Manza 1940, syn. Corallina flabellata Kützing 1858,[144] [3] [43] Arthrocardia filicula (Lamarck) Johansen 1984, syn. Corallina filicula Lamarck 1815, Cheilosporum palmatum var. filicula (Lamarck) Yendo 1902,[145] [3] Feather coralline, Corallina officinalis [146] [3] [43] [5]
Hydrolithon samoënse (Foslie) Keats & Y.M.Chamberlain 1994, syn. Lithophyllum samoënse Foslie 1906, Pseudolithophyllum samoënse (Foslie) Adey 1970,[147] [148] Finely forked coralline, Jania adhaerens J.V.Lamouroux, 1816 (TMNPMPA)[5] [149]
Jania crassa J.V.Lamouroux 1821,[150] [3] Arrowhead coralline, Jania cultrata Amphiroa cultrata Harvey 1849, Cheilosporum cultratum (Harvey) Areschoug 1852,[151] Cheilosporum cultratum , Platboombaai on Cape Peninsula to Mozambique)[3] [43] [5]
Jania sagittata (J.V.Lamouroux) Blainville 1834, syn. Corallina sagittata J.V.Lamouroux 1824, Amphiroa sagittata (J.V.Lamouroux) Decaisne 1842, Arthrocardia sagittata (J.V.Lamouroux) Decaisne 1842, Cheilosporum sagittatum (J.V.Lamouroux) Areschoug 1852,[152] Cheilosporum sagittatum , Melkbosstrand to northern Mabibi in KwaZulu-Natal.)[3] [43] Jania verrucosa J.V.Lamouroux 1816, syn. Corallina verrucosa (Lamouroux) Kützing 1858,[153] [3] [43] Lithophyllum corallinae (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Heydrich 1897, syn. Melobesia corallinae P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan 1867, Dermatolithon corallinae (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Foslie 1902, Lithophyllum pustulatum var. corallinae (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Foslie 1905, Lithophyllum macrocarpum f. corallinae (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Foslie 1909, Tenarea corallinae (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Notoya 1974, Titanoderma corallinae (P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan) Woelkerling, Y.M.Chamberlain & P.C.Silva 1985,[154] [148] Lithophyllum neoatalayense Masaki 1968,[155] Titanoderma neoatalayense , Groenriviermond (Northern Cape) to Cape Agulhas (Western Cape))[148] Lithophyllum polycephalum Foslie, syn. Titanoderma polycephalum (Foslie) Woelkerling, Y.M.Chamberlain & P.C.Silva 1985,[156] Titanoderma polycephalum , False Bay to Cape Agulhas (Western Cape))[148]
Lithophyllum pustulatum (J.V.Lamouroux) Foslie 1904, syn. Melobesia pustulata J.V.Lamouroux 1816, Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V.Lamouroux) Nägeli 1858, Dermatolithon pustulatum (J.V.Lamouroux) Foslie 1898, Epilithon pustulatum (J.V.Lamouroux) M.Lemoine 1921, Tenarea pustulata (J.V.Lamouroux) Shameel 1983,[157] Titanoderma pustulatum , Occasional throughout the west coast and increasing in abundance toward KwaZulu-Natal where it is particularly abundant.)[148] Pneophyllum coronatum (Rosanoff) Penrose in Chamberlain 1994, syn. Melobesia coronata Rosanoff 1866,[158] [148] Pneophyllum fragile Kützing 1843,[159] [148] Pneophyllum keatsii Y.M.Chamberlain 1994,[160] [148] Spongites discoidea (Foslie) D.Penrose & Woelkerling 1988, syn. Lithophyllum discoideum Foslie 1900, Hydrolithon discoideum (Foslie) M.L.Mendoza & J.Cabioch 1985,[161] [148] Scrolled coralline crust, Spongites impar (Foslie) Y.M.Chamberlain 1994, syn. Lithophyllum impar Foslie 1909,[162] [148] [5]
Cochlear coralline crust, Spongites yendoi Lithophyllum yendoi (Foslie) Foslie 1900, Goniolithon yendoi Foslie 1900, Lithothamnion yendoi (Foslie) Lemoine 1965, Pseudolithophyllum yendoi (Foslie) Adey 1970,[163] [148] [5] Gelidium abbottiorum R.E.Norris, 1990 (TMNPMPA)[5] [164] Gelidium applanatum Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[165] [3] Cape jelly-weed, Gelidium capense (S.G.Gmelin) P.C.Silva in P.C.Silva, E.G.Meñez, & Moe 1987,[166] [3] [5]
Gelidium micropterum Kützing 1868,[167] [3] Saw-edged jelly-weed, Gelidium pristoides (Turner) Kützing 1843,[168] [3] [5]
Fern-leafed jelly-weed, Gelidium pteridifolium R.E.Norris, Hommersand & Fredericq 1987,[169] [3] [43] [5]
Turf jelly-weed, Gelidium reptans (Suhr) Kylin 1938, syn. Phyllophora reptans Suhr 1841,[170] [3] [43] [5]
Red ribbons, Gelidium vittatum (Linnaeus) Kützing 1843, syn. Fucus vittatus Linnaeus 1767, Suhria vittata (Linnaeus) Endlicher 1843, Chaetangium vittatum (Linnaeus) P.G.Parkinson 1981,[171] [3] [5] Family Caulacanthaceae [ edit ] Spiky turf-weed, Caulacanthus ustulatus (Mertens ex Turner) Kützing 1843, syn. Fucus acicularis var. ustulatus Mertens ex Turner 1808, Sphaerococcus ustulatus (Mertens ex Turner) C.Agardh 1828, Gigartina ustulata (Mertens ex Turner) Greville 1830, Hypnea ustulata (Mertens ex Turner) Montagne 1840, Gelidium ustulatum (Mertens ex Turner) J.Agardh 1842, Olivia ustulata (Mertens ex Turner) Montagne 1846,[172] [3] [5]
Heringia mirabilis (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1846, syn. Sphaerococcus mirabilis C.Agardh 1820,[173] [3] Family Cystocloniaceae [ edit ] Straight-tipped hypnea, Hypnea ecklonii Suhr 1836,[174] [3] [5]
Hypnea rosea Papenfuss 1947,[175] [3] [43] Green tips, Hypnea spicifera (Suhr) Harvey in J. Agardh 1847, syn. Gracilaria spicifera Suhr 1834, Hypnophycus spicifera (Suhr) Kützing 1843,[176] [3] [43] [5]
Fine hypnea, Hypnea tenuis Kylin 1938,[177] [3] [43] [5]
Roseleaf, Rhodophyllis reptans (Suhr) Papenfuss 1956, syn. Halymenia reptans Suhr 1834, Euhymenia reptans (Suhr) Kützing 1849, Kallymenia reptans (Suhr) E.S.Barton 1893,[178] [3] [5] Red tongue-weed, Gigartina bracteata (S.G.Gmelin) Setchell & N.L.Gardner 1933, syn. Fucus bracteatus S.G.Gmelin 1768,[179] [3] [5]
Gigartina insignis (Endlicher & Diesing) F.Schmitz in E.S.Barton 1896, syn. Iridaea insignis Endlicher & Diesing 1845,[180] [3] Gigartina pistillata (S.G.Gmelin) Stackhouse 1809, syn. Fucus pistillatus S.G.Gmelin 1768,[181] [3] Tongue-weed, Gigartina polycarpa (Kützing) Setchell & N.L.Gardner, 1933 (TMNPMPA)[5] [182]
Gigartina tysonii Reinbold in Tyson 1912,[183] [3] Gigartina scabiosa (Kützing) Papenfuss (date not specified) (TMNPMPA) [184] Iridaea convoluta (Areschoug ex J Agardh) Hewitt 1960, syn. Gigartina convoluta Areschoug ex J.Agardh 1899,[185] [3] Spotted mazzaella, Mazzaella capensis (J.Agardh) Fredericq in Hommersand et al. 1993, Iridaea capensis J.Agardh 1848, Iridophycus capensis (J.Agardh) Setchell & N.L.Gardner 1936, Gigartina capensis (J.Agardh) D.H.Kim 1976,[186] [3] [5]
Convoluted mazzaella Mazzaella convoluta (Areschoug ex J.Agardh) Hommersand, 1994, (TMNPMPA)[5] [187]
Rhodoglossum alcicorne Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[188] [3] Sarcothalia radula (Esper) Edyvane & Womersley 1994, syn. Fucus radula Esper 1802, Sphaerococcus radula (Esper) C.Agardh 1822, Iridaea radula (Esper) Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828, Gigartina radula (Esper) J.Agardh 1851,[189] [3] [5] Forked gigartina, Sarcothalia scutellata (Hering) Leister 1993, syn. Sphaerococcus scutellatus Hering 1841, Dicurella scutellata (Hering) Papenfuss 1940, Gigartina scutellata (Hering) Simons 1983,[190] [3] [5]
Twisted togue-weed, Sarcothalia stiriata (Turner) Leister in Hommersand, Guiry, Fredericq & Leister 1993, syn. Fucus stiriata Turner 1807, Sphaerococcus stiriatus (Turner) C.Agardh 1817, Sphaerococcus radula var. stiriatus (Turner) Rudolphi 1831, Mastocarpus stiriatus (Turner) Kützing 1843, Gigartina stiriata (Turner) J.Agardh 1851,[191] [3] Gigartina stiriata in TMNPMPA.[5] Kallymenia agardhii R.E.Norris 1964,[192] [3] Kallymenia schizophylla J.Agardh 1848,[193] [3] Pugetia harveyana (J.Agardh) R.E.Norris 1964, syn. Kallymenia harveyana J.Agardh 1844,[194] [3] Split disc-weed, Thamnophyllis discigera (J.Agardh) R.E.Norris 1964, syn. Rhodymenia discigera J.Agardh 1841, Callophyllis discigera (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1847,[195] [3] [5]
Thamnophyllis pocockiae R.E.Norris 1964,[196] [3] Ahnfeltiopsis complicata (Kützing) P.C.Silva & DeCew 1992, complicated gymnogongrus,[5] Chondrus complicatus Kützing 1849, Gymnogongrus complicatus (Kützing) Papenfuss 1943,[197] [3] Ahnfeltiopsis glomerata (J.Agardh) P.C.Silva & DeCew 1992, clustered gymnogongrus,[5] Gymnogongrus glomeratus J.Agardh 1849,[198] [3] Ahnfeltiopsis intermedia (Kylin) Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997, gymnogongrus,[5] Gymnogongrus intermedius Kylin 1938,[199] [3] Ahnfeltiopsis polyclada (Kützing) P.C.Silva & DeCew 1992, fine gymnogongrus,[5] Chondrus polycladus Kützing 1849, Gymnogongrus polycladus (Kützing) J.Agardh 1851,[200] [3] Ahnfeltiopsis vermicularis (C.Agardh) P.C.Silva & DeCew 1992, fine gymnogongrus, [5] Sphaerococcus vermicularis C.Agardh 1817, Gymnogongrus vermicularis (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1851,[201] [3] Dilated gymnogongrus, Gymnogongrus dilatatus (Turner) J.Agardh 1851, syn. Fucus dilatatus Turner 1811, Sphaerococcus dilatatus (Turner) C.Agardh 1817, Pachycarpus dilatatus (Turner) Kützing 1843,[202] [3] [5] Portieria hornemannii Desmia hornemannii Lyngbye 1819, Chondrococcus hornemannii (Lyngbye) F.Schmitz 1895,[203] [3] [43] [5] Agar-weed, Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, L.M.Irvine & Farnham, 1995 (TMNPMPA)[5] [204]
Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss 1950, syn. Fucus verrucosus Hudson 1762,[205] [3] Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Bory de Saint-Vincent) E.Y.Dawson, Acleto & Foldvik 1964, syn. Gigartina lemaneiformis Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828, Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Greville 1830, Cordylecladia lemanaeformis (Bory de Saint-Vincent) M.A.Howe 1914,[206] [3] Gelidiocolax suhriae (M.T.Martin & M.A.Pocock) K.-C.Fan & Papenfuss 1959, syn. Choreocolax suhriae M.T.Martin & M.A.Pocock 1953,[207] [3] Family Grateloupiaceae [ edit ] Grateloupia doryphora (Montagne) M.A.Howe 1914, syn. Halymenia doryphora Montagne 1839,[208] [3] Grateloupia filicina (J.V.Lamouroux) C.Agardh 1822, syn. Delesseria filicina J.V.Lamouroux 1813,[209] [3] Grateloupia longifolia Kylin, 1938, (TMNPMPA),[5] [210] Family Halymeniaceae [ edit ] Red rubber-weed, Pachymenia carnosa (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1876, syn. Platymenia carnosa J.Agardh 1848. Iridaea carnosa (J.Agardh) Kützing 1849, Schizymenia carnosa (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1851,[211] [3] [5]
Pachymenia cornea (Kützing) Chiang 1970, syn. Iridaea cornea Kützing 1867, Cyrtymenia cornea (Kützing) F.Schmitz 1897, Phyllymenia cornea (Kützing) Setchell & Gardner 1936,[212] [3] Pachymenia orbitosa (Suhr) L.K.Russell in L.K. Russell et al. 2009, slippery orbits,[5] Iridaea orbitosa Suhr 1840, Aeodes orbitosa (Suhr) F.Schmitz 1894,[213] [3] Corrugated red algae, Phyllymenia belangeri (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Setchell & N.L.Gardner, 1936 recorded as syn. Grateloupia belangeri (Bory de Saint-Vincent) De Clerck, Gavio, Fredericq, Cocquyt & Coppejans, 2005, syn. Iridaea belangeri Bory de Saint-Vincent 1834, [214] [3] [5] [215]
Tattered rag-weed, Phyllymenia capensis (O.De Clerck) Gargiulo, M.Morabito & Manghisi, 2013, (TMNPMPA) recorded as syn. Grateloupia capensis O.De Clerck, 2005.[5] [216]
Constricted polyopes, Polyopes constrictus (Turner) J.Agardh 1851, syn. Fucus constrictus Turner 1809, Sphaerococcus constrictus (Turner) C.Agardh 1822, Gelidium constrictum (Turner) Kützing 1849,[217] [3] [5] Lance-weed, Tsengia lanceolata (J.Agardh) Saunders & Kraft 2002, syn. Nemastoma lanceolatum J.Agardh 1847,[218] [3] [5]
Tsengia pulchra (Baardseth) Masuda & Guiry 1994, syn. Nemastoma pulchrum Baardseth 1941,[219] [3] Thin coralline crust, Phymatolithon foveatum (Y.M.Chamberlain & Keats) Maneveldt & E.Van der Merwe 2014, (TMNPMPA),[5] [220] Leptophytum foveatum Y.M.Chamberlain & D.W.Keats, 1994.[221] Tar crust, Hildenbrandia lecannellieri Hariot 1887,[222] [3] [5]
Hildenbrandia rubra [223] [3] Helminthocladia papenfussii Kylin 1938,[224] [3] Helminthora furcellata (Reinbold ex Tyson) M.T.Martin 1947,[225] [3] Hedgehog seaweed, Nothogenia erinacea (Turner) P.G.Parkinson 1983,[226] [3] [5]
Balloon weed, Nothogenia ovalis (Suhr) P.G.Parkinson 1983, syn. Dumontia ovalis Suhr 1840,[227] [3] [5]
Scinaia capensis (Setchell) Huisman 1985, syn. Gloiophloea capensis Setchell 1914,[228] [3] Ramrod weed, Scinaia salicornioides (Kützing) J.Agardh 1851, syn. Ginnania salicornioides Kützing,[229] [3] [5] Family Schizymeniaceae [ edit ] Schizymenia apoda (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1851, syn. Platymenia apoda J.Agardh 1848, Platymenia undulata var. obovata J.Agardh 1848, Schizymenia obovata (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1851,[230] [3] [5] Family Meiodiscaceae [ edit ] Meiodiscus concrescens (K.M.Drew) P.W.Gabrielson in Gabrielsen et al. 2000, syn. Audouinella concrescens (K.M.Drew) P.S.Dixon 1976, Rhodochorton concrescens , K.M. Drew 1928,[231] [3] Family Rhodophysemataceae [ edit ] Rhodophysema feldmannii Cabioch 1975,[232] [3] Family Rhodothamniellaceae [ edit ] Peyssonnelia atropurpurea P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan 1867,[234] [3] Red Fan-weed, Sonderophycus capensis (Montagne) M.J.Wynne 2011, Peyssonnelia capensis Montagne 1847, Pterigospermum capense (Montagne) Kuntze 1891, Sonderopelta capensis (Montagne) A.D.Krayesky 2009,[235] Peyssonnelia capensis , Hout Bay on Cape Peninsula eastwards extending into Mozambique)[3] [43] [5] Family Plocamiaceae [ edit ] Plocamiocolax papenfussianus M.F.Martin & M.A.Pocock 1953,[236] [3] [43] Plocamium beckeri F.Schmitz ex Simons 1964,[237] [3] Coral plocamium Plocamium corallorhiza (Turner) J.D.Hooker & Harvey 1845, syn. Fucus corallorhiza Turner 1808, Thamnophora corallorhiza (Turner) C.Agardh 1822,[238] [3] [43] [5]
Horny plocamium, Plocamium cornutum (Turner) Harvey 1849, syn. Fucus cornutus Turner 1819, Thamnophora cornuta (Turner) Greville 1830, Thamnocarpus cornutus (Turner) Kützing 1843,[239] [3] [5]
Plocamium glomeratum J.Agardh 1851,[240] [3] Plocamium maxillosum (Poiret) J.V.Lamouroux 1813, syn. Fucus maxillosus Poiret 1808,[241] [3] Rigid plocamium, Plocamium rigidum Bory de Saint-Vincent in Bélanger & Bory de Saint-Vincent 1834, syn. Nereidea rigida (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Kuntze 1891,[242] [3] [5]
Plocamium sp. indet. (False Bay coast, endemic?)[3] Family Sarcodiaceae [ edit ] Comb-fan weed, Trematocarpus flabellatus (J.Agardh) De Toni 1900, syn. Phyllotylus flabellatus J.Agardh 1847, Dicurella flabellata (J.Agardh) J.Agardh 1852,[243] [3] [5]
Trematocarpus fragilis (C.Agardh) De Toni 1900, syn. Sphaerococcus fragilis C.Agardh 1822, Chondrus fragilis (C.Agardh) Greville 1830, Dicurella fragilis (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1852,[244] [3] Order Rhodymeniales [ edit ] Compressed champia. Champia compressa Harvey 1838,[245] [3] [43] [5]
Earthworm champia, Champia lumbricalis (Linnaeus) Desvaux, 1809.[246] [5] Family Lomentariaceae [ edit ] Lomentaria diffusa Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[247] [3] Family Rhodymeniaceae [ edit ] Botryocladia paucivesicaria Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson 1997,[248] [3] Cape wine-weed, Rhodymenia capensis J.Agardh 1894, syn. Epymenia capensis (J.Agardh) Papenfuss 1940,[249] [5]
Rhodymenia holmesii Ardissone 1893, (drift material from Olifantsbos)[3] [250] [3] Stalked roseweed, Rhodymenia natalensis Kylin 1938,[251] [3] [43] [5]
Broad wine weed, Rhodymenia obtusa (Greville) Womersley 1996, syn. Phyllophora obtusa Greville 1831, Epymenia obtusa (Greville) Kützing 1849,[252] [3] [5]
Palmate roseweed, Rhodymenia pseudopalmata (J.V.Lamouroux) P.C.Silva 1952, syn. Fucus pseudopalmatus J.V.Lamouroux 1805, Delesseria pseudopalmata (J.V.Lamouroux) J.V.Lamouroux 1813,[253] [3] [5] Velvety coralline crust, Heydrichia woelkerlingii R.A.Townsend, Y.M.Chamberlain & Keats, 1994 (TMNPMPA)[5] [254] Order Rhodophycophyta incertae sedis [ edit ] Family Rhodophycophyta incertae sedis [ edit ] Callophycus densus (Sonder) Kraft 1984, syn. Thysanocladia densa Sonder 1871,[255] [3] Stylonema alsidii [256] [3] Neevea cf repens Batters 1900,[257] [3]
Geographical position of places mentioned in species ranges [ edit ]
Algoa Bay , Eastern Cape , 33°55′S 25°42′E / 33.917°S 25.700°E / -33.917; 25.700 Aliwal shoal, KwaZulu-Natal , 30°15′30″S 30°49′30″E / 30.25833°S 30.82500°E / -30.25833; 30.82500
Arniston (Waenhuiskrans), Western Cape , 34°40′S 20°14′E / 34.667°S 20.233°E / -34.667; 20.233 Betty's Bay , Western Cape, 34°22′S 18°56′E / 34.367°S 18.933°E / -34.367; 18.933 Bhanga Neck, KwaZulu-Natal, 27°01′00″S 32°50′00″E / 27.01667°S 32.83333°E / -27.01667; 32.83333
Bird Island , Eastern Cape, 33°50′28″S 26°17′10″E / 33.84111°S 26.28611°E / -33.84111; 26.28611 Blaauwberg , Western Cape, 33°48′S 18°27′E / 33.800°S 18.450°E / -33.800; 18.450 Black Rock, Northern KwaZulu-Natal, 27°08′00″S 32°50′00″E / 27.13333°S 32.83333°E / -27.13333; 32.83333
Brandfontein, Western Cape, 34°46′S 19°52′E / 34.767°S 19.867°E / -34.767; 19.867
Buffelsbaai (Cape Peninsula), Western Cape, 34°19′10″S 18°27′41″E / 34.31944°S 18.46139°E / -34.31944; 18.46139
Buffelsbaai (west coast), Western Cape, 33°35′S 18°21′E / 33.583°S 18.350°E / -33.583; 18.350
Buffelsbaai (south coast) , Western Cape, 34°05′S 22°58′E / 34.083°S 22.967°E / -34.083; 22.967 Cape Agulhas , Western Cape, 34°50′00″S 20°00′09″E / 34.83333°S 20.00250°E / -34.83333; 20.00250 Cape Columbine , Western Cape, 32°49′39″S 17°51′23″E / 32.82750°S 17.85639°E / -32.82750; 17.85639 Cape Frio, Namibia, 18°26′12″S 12°00′17″E / 18.43667°S 12.00472°E / -18.43667; 12.00472
Cape of Good Hope , Western Cape, 34°21′29″S 018°28′19″E / 34.35806°S 18.47194°E / -34.35806; 18.47194 Cape Province , or South Africa)Cape Peninsula , Western Cape 34°12′S 18°24′E / 34.200°S 18.400°E / -34.200; 18.400 Cape Hangklip , Western Cape, 34°23′17″S 018°49′35″E / 34.38806°S 18.82639°E / -34.38806; 18.82639 Cape Infanta, Western Cape, 34°25′S 20°51′E / 34.417°S 20.850°E / -34.417; 20.850
Clovelly , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°09′29″S 18°26′11″E / 34.15806°S 18.43639°E / -34.15806; 18.43639 Dalebrook, False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′29″S 18°27′11″E / 34.12472°S 18.45306°E / -34.12472; 18.45306
Danger Point, Western Cape, 34°37′55″S 19°17′34″E / 34.63194°S 19.29278°E / -34.63194; 19.29278
De Hoop , Western Cape, (just west of Cape Infanta) 32°26′03″S 20°32′52″E / 32.43417°S 20.54778°E / -32.43417; 20.54778 De Walle, (Die Walle), (Just west of Agulhas)
Die Dam (Quoin Point), Western Cape, 34°46′S 19°41′E / 34.767°S 19.683°E / -34.767; 19.683
Doring Bay (Doringbaai ), Western Cape, 31°49′S 18°14′E / 31.817°S 18.233°E / -31.817; 18.233
Durban , KwaZulu-Natal, 29°51′S 31°01′E / 29.850°S 31.017°E / -29.850; 31.017 Dwesa , Eastern Cape, 32°15′36″S 28°53′42″E / 32.26000°S 28.89500°E / -32.26000; 28.89500 East London , Eastern Cape, 32°59′S 027°52′E / 32.983°S 27.867°E / -32.983; 27.867 False Bay , Western Cape, 34°14′S 18°39′E / 34.233°S 18.650°E / -34.233; 18.650 Glencairn , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°09′50″S 18°26′00″E / 34.16389°S 18.43333°E / -34.16389; 18.43333 Groenrivier (Groen River ), 30°50′55″S 17°34′20″E / 30.84861°S 17.57222°E / -30.84861; 17.57222
Groot Bergrivier estuary (Berg River , Velddrif ), Western Cape, 32°47′S 18°10′E / 32.783°S 18.167°E / -32.783; 18.167
Haga Haga , Eastern Cape (N of E.London) 32°46′S 28°15′E / 32.767°S 28.250°E / -32.767; 28.250 The Haven, Eastern Cape, 150 km west of Port St. Johns , 32°14′50″S 28°55′15″E / 32.24722°S 28.92083°E / -32.24722; 28.92083
Hermanus , Western Cape, 34°25′S 19°14′E / 34.417°S 19.233°E / -34.417; 19.233 Hluleka , Eastern Cape, 31°49′S 29°18′E / 31.817°S 29.300°E / -31.817; 29.300 Hondeklipbaai , Northern Cape, 30°19′S 17°16′E / 30.317°S 17.267°E / -30.317; 17.267 Hout Bay , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°03′30″S 18°21′20″E / 34.05833°S 18.35556°E / -34.05833; 18.35556 Isipingo , KwaZulu-Natal, 29°59′50″S 30°57′20″E / 29.99722°S 30.95556°E / -29.99722; 30.95556 Island Rock, KwaZulu-Natal, 27°17′00″S 32°46′00″E / 27.28333°S 32.76667°E / -27.28333; 32.76667
Kalk Bay , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′40″S 18°27′00″E / 34.12778°S 18.45000°E / -34.12778; 18.45000 Kei River , Eastern Cape, 32°40′35″S 28°23′10″E / 32.67639°S 28.38611°E / -32.67639; 28.38611 Kenton-on-Sea , Eastern Cape, 33°42′S 26°41′E / 33.700°S 26.683°E / -33.700; 26.683 Keurboomstrand , Plettenberg Bay, Western Cape, 34°02′17″S 23°23′31″E / 34.03806°S 23.39194°E / -34.03806; 23.39194 Knysna , Western Cape, 34°05′02″S 23°03′37″E / 34.08389°S 23.06028°E / -34.08389; 23.06028 Kommetjie , Western Cape, 34°08′S 18°19′E / 34.133°S 18.317°E / -34.133; 18.317 Koppie Alleen, De Hoop , Western Cape,
Kosi Bay , Kwa-Zulu-Natal, 26°54′06″S 32°51′59″E / 26.90167°S 32.86639°E / -26.90167; 32.86639 Kowie River , Eastern Cape, 33°36′15″S 26°54′12″E / 33.60417°S 26.90333°E / -33.60417; 26.90333 Kraalbaai, Langebaan lagoon, Western Cape, 33°08′30″S 18°01′45″E / 33.14167°S 18.02917°E / -33.14167; 18.02917
Lala Nek, KwaZulu-Natal, 27°13′00″S 32°48′00″E / 27.21667°S 32.80000°E / -27.21667; 32.80000
Lamberts Bay , Western Cape, 32°05′24″S 18°18′10″E / 32.09000°S 18.30278°E / -32.09000; 18.30278 Leadsman shoal, KwaZulu-Natal, 28°23′00″S 32°25′15″E / 28.38333°S 32.42083°E / -28.38333; 32.42083
Langebaan Lagoon, Western Cape, 33°09′S 18°04′E / 33.150°S 18.067°E / -33.150; 18.067 Llandudno , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°00′30″S 18°20′20″E / 34.00833°S 18.33889°E / -34.00833; 18.33889 Lüderitz , Namibia, 26°38′53″S 15°9′34″E / 26.64806°S 15.15944°E / -26.64806; 15.15944 Mabibi, Kwa-Zulu-Natal, 29°20′10″S 32°45′10″E / 29.33611°S 32.75278°E / -29.33611; 32.75278
Mapelane, Maphelana, KwaZulu-Natal, near St. Lucia, 28°24′28″S 32°25′44″E / 28.40778°S 32.42889°E / -28.40778; 32.42889
Melkbosstrand , Western Cape, 33°43′38″S 18°26′06″E / 33.72722°S 18.43500°E / -33.72722; 18.43500 Mission Rocks, KwaZulu-Natal, 28°16′23″S 32°29′55″E / 28.27306°S 32.49861°E / -28.27306; 32.49861
Mkambati , KwaZulu-Natal, 31°17′S 29°57′E / 31.283°S 29.950°E / -31.283; 29.950 [dubious discuss Morgan's Bay , Eastern Cape, (Near Kei mouth) 32°42′0″S 28°21′0″E / 32.70000°S 28.35000°E / -32.70000; 28.35000 Möwe Bay, Namibia, 19°22′48″S 12°42′29″E / 19.38000°S 12.70806°E / -19.38000; 12.70806
Mtwalume river, KwaZulu-Natal,
Noordhoek , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°07′S 18°21′E / 34.117°S 18.350°E / -34.117; 18.350 Muizenberg , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′S 018°28′E / 34.117°S 18.467°E / -34.117; 18.467 Oatlands Point, False Bay, Western Cape, 34°12′30″S 18°27′44″E / 34.20833°S 18.46222°E / -34.20833; 18.46222
Oudekraal , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 33°59′09″S 18°20′55″E / 33.98583°S 18.34861°E / -33.98583; 18.34861 Olifantsbos, Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°16′23″S 18°22′45″E / 34.27306°S 18.37917°E / -34.27306; 18.37917
Palm Beach, South Africa , 30°59′S 30°16′E / 30.983°S 30.267°E / -30.983; 30.267 Park Rynie , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°19′S 30°44′E / 30.317°S 30.733°E / -30.317; 30.733 Paternoster , Western Cape, 32°49′S 17°53′E / 32.817°S 17.883°E / -32.817; 17.883 Papenkuilsfontein, Western Cape, 10 km west of Agulhas
Pearly Beach , Western Cape, 34°39′S 19°29′E / 34.650°S 19.483°E / -34.650; 19.483 Platbank, Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, °'"S °'E34°20′5″S 18°29′09″E / 34.33472°S 18.48583°E / -34.33472; 18.48583
Platboombaai, 34°20′20″S 18°27′08″E / 34.33889°S 18.45222°E / -34.33889; 18.45222
Plettenberg Bay , Western Cape, 34°03′S 023°22′E / 34.050°S 23.367°E / -34.050; 23.367 Ponta do Ouro , Mozambique border, 26°50′36″S 32°53′48″E / 26.84333°S 32.89667°E / -26.84333; 32.89667 Port Alfred , Eastern Cape, 33°36′15″S 26°54′12″E / 33.60417°S 26.90333°E / -33.60417; 26.90333 Port Edward , KwaZulu-Natal 31°03′S 30°13′E / 31.050°S 30.217°E / -31.050; 30.217 Port Elizabeth , Eastern Cape, 33°58′S 25°35′E / 33.967°S 25.583°E / -33.967; 25.583 Port Nolloth , Northern Cape, 22°15′S 16°52′E / 22.250°S 16.867°E / -22.250; 16.867 Port St. Johns , KwaZulu-Natal, 31°37′40″S 29°33′20″E / 31.62778°S 29.55556°E / -31.62778; 29.55556 Postberg , Western Cape, 33°07′S 18°00′E / 33.117°S 18.000°E / -33.117; 18.000 Protea Banks, KwaZulu-Natal, 30°50′S 30°28′E / 30.833°S 30.467°E / -30.833; 30.467
Rabbit Rock, KwaZulu-Natal,
Robberg, Western Cape, 34°06′30″S 23°24′45″E / 34.10833°S 23.41250°E / -34.10833; 23.41250
Rocky Point, Namibia,
Saldanha Bay , Western Cape, 33°01′S 17°59′E / 33.017°S 17.983°E / -33.017; 17.983 Saxon Reef, KwaZulu-Natal, (near Mozambique border),
Scarborough , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 34°12′00″S 18°22′13″E / 34.20000°S 18.37028°E / -34.20000; 18.37028 Scottburgh , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°17′S 30°45′E / 30.283°S 30.750°E / -30.283; 30.750 Sea Point , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 33°55′19″S 18°22′37″E / 33.92194°S 18.37694°E / -33.92194; 18.37694 Shelly Beach, KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°48′S 30°25′E / 30.800°S 30.417°E / -30.800; 30.417 Simon's Town , Western Cape, 34°11′S 18°26′E / 34.183°S 18.433°E / -34.183; 18.433 Smitswinkel Bay , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°16′S 18°28′E / 34.267°S 18.467°E / -34.267; 18.467 Sodwana Bay , KwaZulu-Natal, 27°32′S 32°41′E / 27.533°S 32.683°E / -27.533; 32.683 Soetwater,
Stilbaai (Still Bay), Western Cape, E34°22′S 21°25′E / 34.367°S 21.417°E / -34.367; 21.417 St Helena Bay , Western Cape, 32°43′S 18°06′E / 32.717°S 18.100°E / -32.717; 18.100 St. James , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°07′29″S 18°27′11″E / 34.12472°S 18.45306°E / -34.12472; 18.45306 St Lucia , KwaZulu-Natal, 28°23′03″S 32°25′46″E / 28.38417°S 32.42944°E / -28.38417; 32.42944 Strand , Western Cape, 34°07′S 18°49′E / 34.117°S 18.817°E / -34.117; 18.817 Strandfontein , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°05′22″S 18°33′18″E / 34.08944°S 18.55500°E / -34.08944; 18.55500 Strandfontein , Western Cape, 31°45′20″S 18°13′38″E / 31.75556°S 18.22722°E / -31.75556; 18.22722 Swakopmund , Namibia, 22°41′S 14°32′E / 22.683°S 14.533°E / -22.683; 14.533 Swartklip , False Bay, Western Cape, 34°04′30″S 18°41′10″E / 34.07500°S 18.68611°E / -34.07500; 18.68611 Swartkops River , 33°51′56″S 25°37′58″E / 33.86556°S 25.63278°E / -33.86556; 25.63278 Table Bay , Western Cape, 33°53′S 18°27′E / 33.883°S 18.450°E / -33.883; 18.450 Three Anchor Bay , Cape Peninsula, Western Cape, 33°54′22″S 19°23′51″E / 33.90611°S 19.39750°E / -33.90611; 19.39750 Three Sisters (Eastern Cape), Riet River, 10 km west of Port Alfred, Eastern Cape,
Trafalgar , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°58′S 30°18′E / 30.967°S 30.300°E / -30.967; 30.300 Tsitsikamma , Eastern Cape, 34°01′18″S 22°53′44″E / 34.02167°S 22.89556°E / -34.02167; 22.89556 Umhlali , KwaZulu-Natal, (mHlali river mouth) 29°27′45″S 31°16′45″E / 29.46250°S 31.27917°E / -29.46250; 31.27917 Umpangazi, KwaZulu-Natal, (Cape Vidal?) 28°07′45″S 32°33′50″E / 28.12917°S 32.56389°E / -28.12917; 32.56389
Uvongo , KwaZulu-Natal, 30°49′S 30°23′E / 30.817°S 30.383°E / -30.817; 30.383 Waterloo Bay , Eastern Cape, 33°29′S 27°10′E / 33.483°S 27.167°E / -33.483; 27.167 Yzerfontein , Western Cape, 33°20′S 18°10′E / 33.333°S 18.167°E / -33.333; 18.167
^ "Table Mountain National Park" . MPA Forum South Africa . Retrieved 26 May 2018 .^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=133038 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu Stegenga, H., Bolton, J.J., & Anderson, R.J. 1997. Seaweeds of the South African West Coast . Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town. ISBN 0-7992-1793-X
^ Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1436 ; searched on 18 March 2012
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina. Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF) . Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. ^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3473 ; searched on 26 February 2012
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^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z De Clerck, O., Tronchin, E.M., and Schils, T. in De Clerck, O., Bolton, J.J., Anderson, R. J. & Coppejans, E. 2005. Guide to the Seaweeds of KwazZulu-Natal . Scripta Botanica Belgica Volume 33. Joint publication of: National Botanical gardens of Belgium, VLIZ Flanders Marine Institute and Flemish Community. ISBN 90-72619-64-1
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^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2046 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2047 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2757 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2760 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3544 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2763 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2765 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2766 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3543 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, L.M.Irvine & Farnham, 1995. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=145700 on 2023-10-13
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2479 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1943 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3480 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=651 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=131 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Grateloupia longifolia Kylin, 1938. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=373520 on 2023-10-13
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2018 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2019 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=136398 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=131338 ; searched on 26 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Grateloupia belangeri (Bory de Saint-Vincent) De Clerck, Gavio, Fredericq, Cocquyt & Coppejans, 2005. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=381649 on 2023-10-13
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Grateloupia capensis O. De Clerck, 2005. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=376854 on 2023-10-13
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2021 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=61179 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=48780 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 31 August 2015. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org ; searched on 14 October 2023
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Leptophytum foveatum Y.M.Chamberlain & D.W.Keats, 1994. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=495225 on 2023-10-14
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2073 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=26 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3475 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1786 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1757 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1758 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1761 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=1767 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2774 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=44908 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=644 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=8 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=425 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=139715 ; searched on 28 March 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2826 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2829 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2830 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2831 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2832 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2834 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2838 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2772 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2773 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Wendy Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2844 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Champia lumbricalis (Linnaeus) Desvaux, 1809. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=214029 on 2023-10-13
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3551 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3549 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=14305 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=443 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2942 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=18313 ; searched on 29 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=141 ; searched on 29 February 2012
'^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Heydrichia woelkerlingii R.A.Townsend, Y.M.Chamberlain & Keats, 1994. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=213933 on 2023-10-13
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=2787 ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=340&sk=0&from=results ; searched on 28 February 2012
^ Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2012. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=569 ; searched on 28 February 2012
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