| Empress Xiaoyiren | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Empress consort of the Qing dynasty | |||||
| Tenure | 23 August 1689 – 24 August 1689 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Xiaozhaoren | ||||
| Successor | Empress Xiaojingxian | ||||
| Died | 24 August 1689 (康熙二十八年 七月 十日) Chengqian Palace, Forbidden City | ||||
| Burial | Jing Mausoleum, Eastern Qing tombs | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | Eighth daughter | ||||
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| House | Tong, later Tunggiya (佟佳) | ||||
| Father | Guowei | ||||
| Mother | Lady Hešeri | ||||
| Empress Xiaoyiren | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 孝懿仁皇后 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 孝懿仁皇后 | ||||||
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| Manchu name | |||||||
| Manchu script | ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡶᡠᠵᡠᡵᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡥᡝᠣ | ||||||
| Romanization | hiyoošungga fujurungga gosin hūwangheo | ||||||
Empress Xiaoyiren (died 24 August 1689), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Tunggiya clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and third empress consort of Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor. She was empress consort of Qing in 1689.
Empress Xiaoyiren's personal name was not recorded in history. Her family originally belonged to the Han Chinese Plain Blue Banner.
Lady Tong first entered the Forbidden City in 1676 and became a mistress of the Kangxi Emperor and was treated as a consort, but was not officially entitled. She was first mentioned in official histories on 18 September 1677 when the Kangxi Emperor granted ranks and titles to his consorts. She was granted the title "Noble Consort". As she was the only one among the emperor's consorts to hold that rank, she did not receive an honorary name to distinguish her from the other consorts.
On 18 March 1678, the Kangxi Emperor's second empress consort, Empress Xiaozhaoren, died so there was no one to take charge of the emperor's harem. The Noble Consort was put in charge and became the de facto chief of imperial harem. On 13 December 1678, another concubine of the Kangxi Emperor gave birth to a son, Yinzhen. Traditionally, the Empress was tasked with overseeing the upbringing of all the Emperor's children, regardless of whether or not she was their birth mother. Since the Noble Consort was the most senior among all the Kangxi Emperor's consorts at the time, she was tasked with raising Yinzhen.[citation needed]
On 28 January 1682, the Noble Consort was elevated to "Imperial Noble Consort". On 13 July 1683, she gave birth to the emperor's eighth daughter, who would die prematurely on 6 August 1683.
On 23 August 1689, when the Imperial Noble Consort was critically ill, the Kangxi Emperor officially instated her as empress. She died the next day and was interred in the Jing Mausoleum of the Eastern Qing tombs. She was granted the posthumous title "Empress Xiaoyiren".