The Ford Duratec V6, is an aluminum DOHCV6 engine with a 60° bank angle introduced in 1993 with the Ford Mondeo. The primary engineering input came from Porsche,[1] who was developing a similar V6 before selling the engineering to Ford, and Cosworth, who helped with cylinder head manufacturing.[2] The Jaguar AJ-V6 engine is similar but adds variable valve timing.
2.5 L
The Duratec 25 is a 2.5 L (2544 cc) 60° V6 and was introduced in 1994. It was developed for the Ford Contour and also used in the Ford Mondeo and others. Bore and stroke is 82.4 mm × 79.5 mm (3.24 in × 3.13 in).
The Duratec 25 was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1995 and 1996, and the SVT version made the list for 1998 and 1999.
SVT
An SVT version produced 195 hp (145 kW) and 165 lb⋅ft (224 N⋅m) in 1998. It included a larger throttle body from the Duratec 30, a new cone-shaped air filter, and abrasive flow machining processing on the intake manifold. SVT specific cams, a lighter flywheel and low-restriction exhaust complete the picture. Further improvements (mostly improved intake porting of the heads) were made in 1999 that raised power output to 200 hp (149 kW) and 169 lb⋅ft (229 N⋅m) and were carried over in the 2000 model. The SVT engine was used in the 1998 to 2001 EuropeanFord Mondeo, Ford Cougar and called the ST200, it also appeared in the AmericanFord ContourSVT.
Duratec 2.5l
The Duratec 2.5L V6 DOHC 24 valve engine had 170 hp (127 kW) at 6,250 rpm and 165 lb⋅ft (224 N⋅m) of torque at 4250 rpm. Used in the third generation Ford Mondeo and last generation Ford/Mercury Cougar (1999-2002). The Displacement of the 2.5l VE was decreased from 2.5 to 2.5 L (2,544 to 2,495 cc).
Mazda GY
Mazda used the Duratec 25 block and camshafts in their 2000 MPV.[citation needed] However, they reduced the size from 2.54 to 2.50 L (2,544 to 2,495 cc) to keep under a 2.5 L tax cap in Japan. This was accomplished with a reduction of the bore from 82.42 mm (3.245 in) to 81.66 mm (3.215 in). The engine produced 170 hp (127 kW) at 6250 rpm and 165 lb⋅ft (224 N⋅m) of torque. It was replaced in 2002 with the larger 3.0 L Duratec 30-based Mazda AJ.[citation needed]
3.0 L
Ford's standard DOHC V6 is known as the Duratec 30. It was introduced in 1996 as a replacement for the 3.8 L Essex engine in the Ford Taurus and Mercury Sable. It has 3.0 L (2,967 cc) of displacement and produces between 200 hp (149 kW) and 240 hp (179 kW). The same engine is used by the Jaguar S-Type, Lincoln LS, Mazda MPV, Mazda6, Mondeo ST220 and many other Ford vehicles. It is essentially a bored-out to 88.9 mm (3.50 in) Duratec 25 and is built in Ford's Cleveland Engine #2 plant. A slightly modified version for the Ford Five Hundred entered production at the Cleveland Engine #1 plant in 2004.
It has an aluminum engine block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. The cylinders are lined with cast iron. It uses sequential fuel injection, has 4 valves per cylinder and features fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods and an assembled cast aluminum intake manifold.
The 3.0 L (2,967 cc), 226 hp (169 kW) V6 used in the Mondeo ST220 is called the Duratec ST. The 3.0 L (2,967 cc), 204 hp (152 kW) V6 in the Mondeo Titanium is called the Duratec SE.
There are two key versions of the Duratec 30:
DAMB - The Jaguar AJ30 versions have direct-acting mechanical bucket (DAMB) tappets. Output is 240 hp (179 kW) at 6750 rpm with 220 lb⋅ft (298 N⋅m) of torque at 4500 rpm.
RFF - The Taurus/Sable/Escape version used roller finger followers (RFF) instead and produced 201 hp (150 kW) at 5900 rpm with 207 lb⋅ft (281 N⋅m) of torque at 4400 rpm.
The engine has an output of 221 bhp (165 kW; 224 PS) at 6250 rpm, and 205 lb⋅ft (278 N⋅m) of torque at 4800 rpm.
In second generation of the engine, it is updated to run on E85. This version of the engine has an output of 240 bhp (179 kW; 243 PS) at 6550 rpm and 223 lb⋅ft (302 N⋅m) at 4300 rpm while running on 87 octane gasoline, and 250 bhp (186 kW; 253 PS) at 6250 rpm and 231 lb⋅ft (313 N⋅m) at 4150 rpm whilst running on E85. To achieve this, the engine now includes Cam Torque Actuated Variable Cam Timing developed with BorgWarner. Fuel saving features include adaptive knock control and aggressive deceleration fuel cutoff.[3]
The Fusion later received the all new Duratec 35 V6 as an option to remain competitive with the Toyota Camry and Honda Accord. The older Duratec 30 remained as a step up from the base I4 in the Fusion, but the Milan kept the 3.0 L (2,967 cc) as its sole V6 until it was discontinued for the 2011 model year. Eventually, the Duratec 30 was discontinued in favor of the newer Duratec 35 and its variants.
Other applications
A twin-turbocharged version of this engine is used in the Noble M400, a British sports car. The engine is rebuilt and tuned to a max power of 425 bhp (317 kW) at 6500 rpm, with a torque figure of 390 lb⋅ft (529 N⋅m) at 5000 rpm. Noble has used forged pistons, an oil cooler, a larger baffled oil sump and extra cooling ducts to maintain its durability. 29 L/100 km (8.1 mpg‑US; 9.7 mpg‑imp).
Mazda's MZI version[citation needed] adds variable valve timing, as does Jaguar's AJ30. Note that the MZI name is also used in Europe on Mazda's version of the Ford SigmaI4. The 3.0 L (2,967 cc), 220.71 hp (165 kW) V6 used in the Mondeo ST220 is called Duratec ST. 3.0 L (2,967 cc) 204 hp (152 kW) V6 in the Mondeo Titanium is called Duratec SE. 28.1 mpg‑US (8.4 L/100 km; 33.7 mpg‑imp)
A racing version of this engine exists and is used on mini prototypes like the Juno SS3 V6. It is a 3.0 L (2,967 cc) naturally aspirated non variable timing engines producing between 350 and 400 hp (261 and 298 kW) with a redline of around 8700 rpm. The engine has a 40-hour racing life span before it needs to be rebuilt with rings and bearings, and has proven very reliable and competitive. The engine has a Jaguar badge, and is branded as a Jaguar 3.0 litres (2,967 cc) V6 since it is built and mostly sold in the U.K.
Ford's 3.4 L SHOV8 is related to the 2.5 L Duratec V6.[8] Each cylinder uses the same bore and stroke as the 2.5 L, but this engine was never officially referred to with the Duratec name.
5.9 L V12
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Ford's 5.9 L V12 version of its Duratec engine is used in the present Aston Martin lineup.[9] It is best thought of as two 3.0 L (2,967 cc) Duratec V6s mated end to end, albeit with slightly larger main journals. The engine has also received extensive crankshaft modifications, giving the engine uneven firing intervals. The regular Aston Martin V12 uses roller rockers (RFF),[10] and was designed by Ford and Cosworth.[11][12][13]Cosworth assembled the V12 engines for a year before Aston Martin took over production.[14][15] However, Cosworth still casts the heads and blocks.[16][17] The variant used in the Aston Martin One-77 uses (DLC coated) DAMB cam followers like the later Duratec engines,[18] and is built by Cosworth.[19][20]
