This is a list of DEEP champions at each weight class. DEEP is a Japan-based mixed martial arts (MMA) promoting and sanctioning organization.

Current Champions

[1]

Men

Division Champion Since Defenses
Megatonweight Guam Roque Martinez July 15, 2017 2
Japan Ryo Sakai (interim) November 12, 2022 1
Light Heavyweight Vacant
Middleweight Brazil João Batista Yoshimura Jul 4, 2021 0
Welterweight Japan Shingo Suzuki February 11, 2023 0
Lightweight South Korea Lee Song-ha September 18, 2023 0
Featherweight Japan Kouya Kanda December 21, 2023 0
Bantamweight South Korea Yoo Soo-young September 18, 2023 0
Flyweight Japan Makoto Takahashi March 1, 2020 1
Strawweight Japan Haruo Ochi (interim) December 10, 2023 0

Women

Division Champion Since Defenses
Openweight United States Amanda Lucas Febr 18, 2012 0
Atomweight Vacant Mar 9, 2019
Microweight Japan Saori Oshima Sep 20, 2020 1

Men's Championship History

Megatonweight Championship

Weight limit: Unlimited
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Yūsuke Kawaguchi
def. Shunsuke Inoue
Club DEEP Tokyo "Megaton GP 2008 Final"
Tokyo, Japan
August 2, 2008 870 days

1. def Baru Harn at DEEP 38 Impact on October 23, 2008 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Seigo Mizuguchi at Deep: 44 Impact on October 10, 2009 in Tokyo, Japan
3. def. Roque Martinez at Deep: Cage Impact 2009 on December 19, 2009 in Tokyo, Japan

Yusuke Kawaguchi vacated the title on December 20, 2010.[2]
2 Japan Kazuhisa Tazawa
def. Yuji Sakuragi
DEEP 52 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 25, 2011 182 days
3 Georgia (country) Levan Razmadze DEEP 55 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 26, 2011 ? days

1. def. Ryuta Noji at DEEP 57 Impact on February 18, 2012 in Tokyo, Japan

Levan Razmadze vacated the title in February 2012.
4 Japan Ken Hasegawa
def. Seigo Mizuguchi
DEEP 61 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 16, 2013 970 days

1. def. Hirohide Fujinuma at DEEP 63 Impact on August 25, 2013 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Kazuhiro Nakamura at DEEP 65 Impact on March 22, 2014 in Tokyo, Japan

Hasegawa vacated the title on October 14, 2015, when he started competing at a lower weight class.[3]
5 India Jaideep Singh
def. Carlos Toyota
DEEP 73 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
October 17, 2015 637 days
6 Guam Roque Martinez DEEP Cage Impact 2017: At Korakuen Hall
Tokyo, Japan
July 15, 2017 2,392 days
(incumbent)
1. def. Ryo Sakai at DEEP 88 Impact on March 9, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Seigo Mizuguchi at DEEP 93 Impact on December 15, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Ryo Sakai
def. Yukinori Akazawa for the Interim title
DEEP 110 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
November 12, 2022 446 days
(incumbent)
1. def Tatsuya Mizuno at DEEP 114 Impact on July 2, 2023.

Heavyweight Championship

Weight limit: 93 kg (205 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Yoshiyuki Nakanishi
def. Ryuta Noji
DEEP 47 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 17, 2010 3,248 days

1. def. Bernard Ackah at DEEP 54 Impact on June 24, 2011 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Yuki Niimura at DEEP 60 Impact on October 19, 2012 in Tokyo, Japan
3. def. Shunsuke Inoue at DEEP 66 Impact on April 29, 2014 in Tokyo, Japan

The Championship was vacated when Yoshiyuki Nakanishi retired on March 9, 2019 at DEEP 88.[4]

Middleweight Championship

Weight limit: 84 kg (185.2 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Ryuki Ueyama
def. Eiji Ishikawa
DEEP 5 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
June 9, 2002 914 days

1. drew with Masanori Suda at DEEP 12 Impact on September 15, 2003 in Tokyo, Japan

2 Japan Ryuta Sakurai DEEP 17 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
December 8, 2004 425 days
3 Japan Ryo Chonan DEEP 23 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 5, 2006 676 days

1. def. Ryuta Sakurai at DEEP 28 Impact on February 16, 2007 in Tokyo, Japan

Ryo Chonan vacated the title on December 12, 2007.[5]
4 Japan Yuichi Nakanishi
def. Riki Fukuda
DEEP 35 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
May 19, 2008 408 days
5 Japan Riki Fukuda Deep: 42 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
June 30, 2009 ? days

1. def. Ryuta Sakurai at DEEP 49 Impact on August 27, 2010 in Tokyo, Japan

Riki Fukuda vacated the title in October 2011.[6]
6 Japan Kazuhiro Nakamura
def. Young Choi
DEEP 61 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 16, 2013 673 days
7 Japan Yoshiyuki Nakanishi DEEP 70 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
Decision 20, 2014 296 days
8 Japan Young Choi DEEP Cage Impact 2015 in Osaka
Osaka, Japan
October 11, 2015 ? days
Young Choi vacated the title in 2016 when he signed with Road FC.[7]
9 Japan Tatsuya Mizuno
def. Taisuke Okuno
DEEP 82 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 24, 2018 1,227 days
10 Brazil João-Batista Yoshimura DEEP 102 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
July 4, 2021 942 days
(incumbent)

Welterweight Championship

Weight limit: 77 kg (169.7 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Jutaro Nakao
def. Daisuke Nakamura
DEEP 16 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
October 30, 2004 840 days

1. def. Seichi Ikemoto at RealRhythm 3rd Stage on March 4, 2006 in Osaka, Japan

2 Japan Hidehiko Hasegawa DEEP 28 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 16, 2007 528 days

1. drew with Dong Hyun Kim at DEEP 32 Impact on October 10, 2007 in Tokyo, Japan

3 Japan Seichi Ikemoto DEEP 36 Impact
Osaka, Japan
July 27, 2008 547 days

1. def. Hidetaka Monma at Deep: 40 Impact on February 20, 2009 in Tokyo, Japan

4 Japan Yuya Shirai DEEP 45 Impact
Osaka, Japan
January 24, 2010 1,189 days

1. def. Shigetoshi Iwase at DEEP 50 Impact on October 24, 2010 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Taisuke Okuno at DEEP 56 Impact on December 16, 2011 in Tokyo, Japan

5 United States Dan Hornbuckle DEEP 62 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 26, 2013 178 days
6 Japan Ryo Chonan DEEP - Tribe Tokyo Night
Tokyo, Japan
October 20, 2013 >1 day
Ryo Chonan won the title in his retirement fight and retired as champion.[8]
7 Japan Yuta Watanabe
def. Taisuke Okuno
DEEP 66 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 29, 2014 438 days

1. def. Yuya Shirai at DEEP 70 Impact on December 20, 2014 in Tokyo, Japan

8 Japan Keita Nakamura DEEP - Cage Impact 2015
Tokyo, Japan
July 20, 2015 ? days
Title vacant when Nakamura signed with the UFC.
9 Japan Ryuichiro Sumimura
def. Ken Hasegawa
DEEP - Cage Impact 2017: at Korakuen Hall
Tokyo, Japan
July 15, 2017 1775 days

1. def. Yoichiro Sato at DEEP 83 Impact on April 28, 2018 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Yuta Watanabe at DEEP 94 Impact on March 1, 2020 in Tokyo, Japan

Sumimura vacated the title in May 25, 2022 following an injury.
- Japan Daichi Abe
def. Gota Yamashita for interim title
DEEP - 100 Impact - 20th Anniversary
Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
February 21, 2021 458 days
10 Japan Daichi Abe
promoted to undisputed champion
May 25, 2022 262 days
11 Japan Shingo Suzuki DEEP 112 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 11, 2023 355 days
(incumbent)

Lightweight Championship

Weight limit: 70 kg (154.3 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Dokonjonosuke Mishima
def. Tomomi "Taisho" Iwama
DEEP 18 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 12, 2005 ? days
Dokonjonosuke Mishima vacated the title in February 2006, as he was unable to defend in the mandatory time period.[9]
2 Japan Nobuhiro Obiya
def. Ryan Bow
DEEP 24 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 11, 2006 312 days
3 Japan Kazunori Yokota DEEP 28 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 16, 2007 459 days
4 South Korea Seung-Hwan Bang DEEP 35 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
May 19, 2008 ? days
Seung-Hwan Bang vacated the title in October 2008.
5 Japan Katsunori Kikuno
def. Koichiro Matsumoto
Deep: 41 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 16, 2009 863 days 1. def. Nobuhiro Obiya at DEEP 50 Impact on October 24, 2010 in Tokyo, Japan
6 Japan Mizuto Hirota DEEP 55 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 26, 2011 ? days 1. def. Seichi Ikemoto at DEEP 57 Impact on February 18, 2012 in Tokyo, Japan
Mizuto Hirota vacated the title in April 2012.[10]
7 Japan Daisuke Nakamura
def. Yasuaki Kishimoto
DEEP 58 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
June 15, 2012 326 days 1. def. Takafumi Ito at DEEP 60 Impact on October 19, 2012 in Tokyo, Japan[citation needed]
8 Japan Satoru Kitaoka DEEP 62 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 26, 2013 2,011 days 1. def. Naoto Miyazaki at DEEP 66 Impact on April 29, 2014 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Yoshiyuki Yoshida at DEEP Dream Impact: Omisoka Special on December 31, 2014 in Saitama, Japan
3. def. Yuki Okano at DEEP Cage Impact 2015 on Jul 20, 2015 in Tokyo, Japan
4. def. Kota Shimoishi at DEEP 76 Impact on June 26, 2016 in Tokyo, Japan
9 Japan Koji Takeda DEEP 86 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
October 27, 2018 1,235 days
1. def. Juri Ohara at DEEP 82 Impact on October 22, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Juri Ohara at DEEP 93 Impact on December 15, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
Takeda vacated the belt on March 15, 2022.[11]
- Japan Juri Ohara
def. Ryota Oki for interim title
DEEP 102 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
July 4, 2021 227 days
10 Japan Juri Ohara
promoted to undisputed champion
March 15, 2022 552 days
1. def. Yuma Ishizuka at DEEP 108 Impact on Jul 10, 2022 in Tokyo, Japan

2. def. Hiroto Uesako at DEEP 113 Impact on May 7, 2023 in Tokyo, Japan

11 South Korea Lee Song-ha DEEP 115 Impact: DEEP Vs. Black Combat 2
Tokyo, Japan
September 18, 2023 136 days
(incumbent)

Featherweight Championship

Weight limit: 65 kg (143.3 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Masakazu Imanari
def. Yoshiro Maeda
DEEP 22 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
December 2, 2005 900 days 1. def. Tsuyoshi Yamazaki at DEEP 26 Impact on Oct 10, 2006 in Tokyo, Japan
2 Japan Dokonjonosuke Mishima DEEP 35 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
May 19, 2008 462 days
3 Japan Takafumi Otsuka Deep: 43 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 23, 2009 315 days
4 Japan Koichiro Matsumoto DEEP 48 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
July 3, 2010 420 days 1. def. Tatsunao Nagakura at DEEP 55 Impact on Aug 26, 2011 in Tokyo, Japan
Koichiro Matsumoto retired on August 26, 2011, thereby vacating the title.[12]
5 Japan Kazunori Yokota
def. Hideki Kadowaki
DEEP 57 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 18, 2012 ? days 1. def. Katsunori Tsuda at DEEP 66 Impact on Apr 29, 2014 in Tokyo, Japan
Kazunori Yokota vacated the title in May 2016 when he left to compete for ONE Championship.[13]
6 Japan Masakazu Imanari (2)
def. Tatsunao Nagakura
DEEP Cage Impact 2016: DEEP vs. WSOF-GC
Tokyo, Japan
December 17, 2016 ? days
Imanari vacated the title for unknown reasons.
7 Japan Hiroto Uesako
def. Koichi Ishizuka
DEEP Cage Impact 2017: At Korakuen Hall
Tokyo, Japan
July 15, 2017 162 days
8 Japan Takahiro Ashida DEEP 81 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
December 23, 2017 309 days
9 Japan Satoshi Yamasu DEEP 86 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
October 27, 2018 695 days 1. def. Daiki Hata at DEEP 89 Impact on May 12, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
10 Japan Juntaro Ushiku DEEP 97 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
September 20, 2020 1189 days 1. def. Daisuke Nakamura at DEEP 102 Impact on July 4, 2021 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Kouya Kanda at DEEP 105 Impact on December 12, 2021 in Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Kouya Kanda
def. Hiroto Gomyo for interim title
DEEP 112 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 11, 2023
Ushiku vacated the title on December 21, 2023, when he started competing at a lower weight class.[14]
11 Japan Kouya Kanda
promoted to undisputed champion
December 21, 2023 42 days
(incumbent)

Bantamweight Championship

Weight limit: 60 kg (132.3 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Masakazu Imanari
def. Hiroshi Umemura
DEEP 37 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 17, 2008 1,018 days 1. def. Tomohiko Hori at Deep: 43 Impact on August 23, 2009 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Tomoya Miyashita at DEEP 49 Impact on August 27, 2010 in Tokyo, Japan
Masakazu Imanari vacated the title on May 31, 2011.
2 Japan Takafumi Otsuka
def. Hiroshi Nakamura
DEEP 54 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
June 24, 2011 240 days
3 Japan Yoshiro Maeda DEEP 57 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
February 18, 2012 434 days 1. def. Tatsumitsu Wada at DEEP 59 Impact on August 18, 2012 in Tokyo, Japan
4 Japan Daiki Hata DEEP 62 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 26, 2013 ? days
Daiki Hata vacated the title.
5 Japan Takafumi Otsuka (2)
def. Kenji Osawa
DEEP 66 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 29, 2014 ? days 1. def. Toshinori Tsunemura at DEEP 69 Impact on October 26, 2014 in Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Toshiaki Kitada at DEEP 72 Impact on May 16, 2015 in Tokyo, Japan
3. def. Koichi Ishizuka at DEEP Cage Impact 2017 on May 13, 2017 in Tokyo, Japan
Takafumi Otsuka vacated the title for unknown reasons.
6 South Korea Jin Soo Son
def. Toshiaki Kitada
DEEP 83 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
April 28, 2018 ? days
Jin Soo Son vacated the title in 2018 when he signed with UFC.
7 Japan Yuki Motoya
def. Makoto Kamaya
DEEP 86 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
October 27, 2018 134 days
8 United States Victor Henry DEEP 88 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
March 9, 2019 1,790 days
(incumbent)
- Japan Kosuke Terashima
def. Daiki Hata for interim title
DEEP 107 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
May 8, 2022 215 days
- Japan Koichi Ishizuka
def. Kosuke Terashima for interim title
DEEP 110 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
November 12, 2022 ??? days
Victor Henry vacated the title when he signed with UFC.
9 Japan Koichi Ishizuka
promoted to undisputed champion
August 14, 2023 310 days
10 South Korea Yoo Soo-young Deep 115 Impact: DEEP Vs. Black Combat 2
Tokyo, Japan
September 18, 2023 136 days
(incumbent)

Flyweight Championship

Weight limit: 56 kg (123.4 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Yuki Motoya
def. Akira Kibe
DEEP Nagoya Impact
Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
July 22, 2012 400 days
2 Japan Tatsumitsu Wada DEEP 63 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 25, 2013 364 days
3 Japan Yuki Motoya (2) DEEP 68 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 23, 2014 ? days 1. def. Kojima Sota at Deep 73 Impact on October 17, 2015 in Tokyo, Japan
Yuki Motoya vacated the title in April 2016.[15]
4 Japan Tatsumitsu Wada (2)
def. Yuya Shibata
DEEP 76 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
June 26, 2016 ? days 1. def. Makoto Takahashi at Deep 83 Impact on April 28, 2018 in Tokyo, Japan
Tatsumitsu Wada vacated the title on Feb 2020. Takahashi was promoted to full champion status on March 1, 2020.
- Japan Makoto Takahashi
def. Yuya Shibata for interim title
DEEP 90 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
June 29, 2019 246 days
5 Japan Makoto Takahashi March 1, 2020 1,432 days
(incumbent)
1. def. Yamato Fujita in unification bout at DEEP 107 Impact on May 8, 2022 in Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Yamato Fujita
def. Kazuki Shibuya for interim title
DEEP 100 Impact - 20th Anniversary
Tokyo, Japan
February 21, 2021 441 days 1. def. Yuki Ito at DEEP 103 Impact on September 23, 2021 in Tokyo, Japan

Strawweight Championship

Weight limit: 52 kg (114.6 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Kanta Sato
def. Kojima Sota
DEEP Cage Impact 2016: Korakuen Hall
Tokyo, Japan
October 18, 2016 334 days
2 Japan Haruo Ochi DEEP 79 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
September 16, 2017 1,073 days 1. def. Yuya Shibata at DEEP Cage Impact in Osaka 2018 on April 8, 2018 in Osaka, Japan
2. def. Namiki Kawahara at DEEP 88 Impact on March 9, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan
3 Japan Namiki Kawahara DEEP 96 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
August 23, 2020 152 days
Kawahara vacated the title in January 2021 when he left to compete for ONE Championship.
- Japan Haruo Ochi
def. Yusuke Uehara for interim title
DEEP 117 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
December 10, 2023 53 days
(incumbent)

Women's Championship History

Openweight Championship

No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 United States Amanda Lucas
def. Yumiko Hotta
DEEP 57 Impact
Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan
February 18, 2012 3,918 days[Note 1]

Lightweight Championship

Weight limit: 48 kg (105.8 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Hisae Watanabe
def. Satoko Shinashi
DEEP 25 Impact
Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan
August 4, 2006 367 days
2 Japan Miku Matsumoto DEEP 31 Impact
Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan
August 5, 2007 987 days 1. def. Misaki Takimoto at DEEP 37 Impact on August 17, 2008 in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan
2. def. Lisa Ward at DEEP TOYAMA Impact on June 28, 2009 in Toyama, Toyama, Japan
Miku Matsumoto vacated the title on April 17, 2010, following her retirement from the sport.[16]

Microweight Championship

Weight limit: 45 kg (99.2 lb)
No. Name Event Date Reign
(total)
Defenses
1 Japan Satoko Shinashi
def. Sachiko Yamamoto
DEEP 34 Impact
Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan
February 22, 2008 3,962 days[Note 2]
Satoko Shinashi vacated the title in 2018.
2 Japan Saori Oshima
def. Mizuki Oshiro
DEEP 97 Impact
Tokyo, Japan
September 20, 2020 1,229 days
(incumbent)
1. def. Mizuki Furuse at DEEP 110 Impact on November 12, 2022 in Tokyo, Japan

Footnotes

  1. ^ While the title hasn't been active since 2012 and Lucas isn't competing anymore, Deep never announced the vacancy of the title.
  2. ^ While the title hasn't been active since 2018, Deep never announced the vacancy of the title.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Champions". Deep. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  2. ^ "【DEEP】1・8川口雄介が王座返上、マカオで桜木裕司VS田澤和久の王座決定戦". gbring.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  3. ^ "【DEEP】無敗の長谷川賢がミドル級転向「RIZINに出たい」". efight.jp. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  4. ^ "【DEEP】DEEP二階級制覇・中西良行が3月9日(土)『DEEP 88 IMPACT』後楽園ホール大会で引退の10カウントゴング". gonkaku.jp. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
  5. ^ "【DEEP】2・22長南亮の王座返上でミドル級王座決定トーナメント開催!". gbring.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  6. ^ "【DEEP】8・26福田力がミドル級王座を返上!王者査定試合で桜井隆多vs柴田勝頼". gbring.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  7. ^ "'돌아온 적당주의' 최영 "차정환이 갖고 있는 로드FC 벨트 원해"". spotvnews.co.kr. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  8. ^ "長南、引退試合でDEEP王座奪取 ホーンバックルを判定で下し有終の美". sports.yahoo.co.jp. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  9. ^ "【DEEP】4・11 雷暗「両目を眼窩底骨折させる」、帯谷も倍返し宣言!". gbring.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  10. ^ "DEEP Lightweight Champion vacated the Title"
  11. ^ "【DEEP】武田光司と魅津希がベルト返上、大原樹理と伊澤星花が正規王者に「胸を張れる肩書きができました」(大原)". efight.jp. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  12. ^ "廣田瑞人が菊野克紀を下し新王者 松本晃市郎が王座防衛で引退 DEEP55沸騰". miruhon.net. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  13. ^ "【ONE42】尿酸値と戦う<02>横田一則 「尿酸値だけパスすれば、試合は必ず勝てるので」". mmaplanet.jp. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  14. ^ "【DEEP】フェザー級王者・牛久絢太郎がバンタム級転向でベルト返上、暫定王者・神田コウヤが正規王者に。2024年は3月9日(土)後楽園大会から開幕". gonkaku.jp. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
  15. ^ "6・26 DEEP後楽園ホール 【DEEPライト級タイトルマッチ】北岡悟vs下石康太 【第4代DEEPフライ級王者決定戦】和田竜光vs柴田"MONKEY"有哉". battle-news.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  16. ^ Nelson, Chris. "Miku Matsumoto Announces Retirement". bloodyelbow.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.