Konstantin Igelström, Decembrist, founded and headed the secret Society of Military Friends in 1818; settled in Taganrog in 1843, where he died in 1851
Dimitrios Kallergis, Greek soldier and statesman. Early 19th century (according to several sources born in Taganrog, or settled in Taganrog around 1806).
Sir John Noble Kennedy, British major-general, Artillery Liaison Officer of the 1 Corps of the anti-Bolshevik White Russian Army, August 1919 – December 24, 1919
Semion Morozov, commissar of Taganrog antifascist resistance in WWII, posthumously Hero of the Soviet Union, born (1914), lived and died (1943) in Taganrog
Vyacheslav Suk, Russian violinist, conductor and composer, worked in 1887–1890, founder of the music classes at The Tchaikovsky Children's School of Music in Taganrog
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, composer, frequently stayed in his brother's house (Ippolit Tchaikovsky) in Taganrog
Sovet Varelas, composer, born in Taganrog in 1923
Anatoly Zagot, Soviet Russian folk singer, born in Taganrog in 1936
Victor Litvinov, Soviet aircraft designer, responsible for mass production of military aircraft, Minister of the General Engineering Industry in 1965–1973, born in Taganrog in 1910.
Mikhail Nagibin, honorary aircraft builder of the Soviet Union, born in Taganrog in 1930, worked in Taganrog until 1980.
Alexey Nicolaychuk, developer of influential overclock tool MSI Afterburner (RivaTuner)
Vladimir Petlyakov, Soviet aircraft designer, born in a village near Taganrog, studied in Taganrog in 1899–1910
Vladimir Dvorkovich, international chess arbiter, chairman of the judge board of Russian Federation, father to Arcady Dvorkovich, born in Taganrog in 1937, graduate of the Chekhov Gymnasium.
Oleg Perepetchenov, heavy athlete, bronze medal at the Olympic Games (2004) (category Men's 77 Kilograms), silver medal in the Weightlifting World Championship in 2002, graduate of David Rigert's weightlifting school in Taganrog
David Rigert, heavy athletics World Champions (6 times), Olympic Champion (1976 Summer Olympics), European Champion (9 times), Soviet Union Champion (7 times), 63 world records and 69 USSR records, in Taganrog since the 1990s and alderman at Taganrog City Council since 2004
Igor Saprykin, Finswimming World Champion in 2004, several European Champion and Russia Champion titles, born in Taganrog in 1980
Sergey Superata, canoeist, gold medalist at World and European Championships, Soviet Union Champion, in Taganrog – 1976–1986
Sergey Syrtsov, heavy athlete, 10 world records, silver medalist at 1992 Summer Olympics and 1996 Summer Olympics, World Champion (2 times), European Champion in 1995, Champion of Russia in 1997, has lived in Taganrog since 1994
Anatoly Tishchenko, canoeist, gold medalist at European Championship in 1969, gold at World C. in 1970, Soviet Union Champion (9 times), born in 1943 and has lived in Taganrog
Arkady Vyatchanin, swimmer, champion of Europe in 2006 (100-meter backstroke), bronze medalist at 2008 Summer Olympics has lived and trained in Taganrog since 1999.
Arkady Fyodorovich Vyatchanin, swimmer, nine-time champion of RSFSR, coach of the Soviet Union swimming team in 1965–1971, has lived and worked in Taganrog since 1999
Yuliya Yefimova, swimmer, World Champion, European Champion, has lived and trained in Taganrog
Viktor Zhylin, Ukrainian football defender and forward and manager, the master of sports, the honored trainer of Ukraine, born in Taganrog in 1923.