July 12: The Twelfth, commemoration of the Battle of the Boyne (1690) in Northern Ireland

• 1543 - King Henry VIII of England married Catherine Parr (pictured), his sixth and last wife, at Hampton Court Palace.
• 1580 - Ostrog Bible, the first Bible in Old Church Slavonic, was printed in Ostroh, Ukraine by Ivan Fyodorov.
• 1806 - Sixteen German imperial states left the Holy Roman Empire and formed the Confederation of the Rhine.
• 1862 - The U.S. Army Medal of Honor was first authorized by the U.S. Congress.
• 1975 - São Tomé and Príncipe declared independence from Portugal.
• 1979 - The Gilbert Islands gained independence and became known as Kiribati.

Recent days: July 11 – July 10 – July 9