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((Short description|Chinese Communist Party youth organization))
((Infobox political youth organization
| name = Young Pioneers of China
| native_name = ((nobold|((lang|zh-Hans-CN|中国少年先锋队))))
| colorcode = ((party color|Communist Party of China))
| logo = 中国少年先锋队队旗 (大队旗).svg
| caption = '''Motto''': ((lang|zh-Hans-CN|准备着：为共产主义事业而奋斗 — 时刻准备着！))<br />("To fight for the cause of communism: Be ready! — Always ready!")
|leader=[[A Dong]]| secretary = 
| founded = ((start date and age|df=y|1924)) (foundation)<br />((start date and age|df=y|1949|10|13)) (official)
| dissolved = 
| membership= 130,000,000 (2007)<ref>((Cite news|date=May 30, 2010 |url=http://news.cntv.cn/china/20100530/101341.shtml|title=中国1.3亿少先队员将举行全国代表大会_CCTV.com_中国中央电视台 |trans-title=China's 130 million young pioneers to hold a national congress 
| website = news.cntv.cn))</ref>
| ideology = ((collapsible list
 | title = ((nobold|[[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]))
 | bullets = yes
 | [[Communism]]
 | [[Marxism-Leninism]]
 | [[Maoism|Mao Zedong Thought]]
 | [[Deng Xiaoping Theory]]
 | [[Three Represents]]
 | [[Scientific Outlook on Development]]
 | [[Xi Jinping Thought]]
 | [[Socialist patriotism]]
))
| headquarters = [[Beijing]]
| mother party = ((ubl|[[Chinese Communist Party]]|[[Communist Youth League of China]]))
| international = [[International Committee of Children's and Adolescents' Movements]] (historical)((citation needed|date=January 2019))
| regional1_type =
| regional1_name =
| newspaper = China Children's News<br />China Teenagers' News
| website = ((Official URL))
))
[[File:Beijing China Tiananmen-Square-Young Pioneers of China.jpg|250px|thumbnail|Young Pioneers of China standing honour guard at the Monument to the People's Heroes at Tiananmen Square]]
[[File:Young Pioneers of China, Tiananmen Square 2007.jpg|250px|thumb|A group of Young Pioneers in [[Tiananmen Square]] in October 2007]]

The '''Young Pioneers of China''' (((zh|s=中国少年先锋队|p=Zhōngguó Shàonián Xiānfēngduì))), often shortened to the '''Young Pioneers''' (((zh|s=少先队|p=Shàoxiānduì))) and sometimes translated into English as '''Red Pioneers''',<ref name=":11">((Cite book |last1=Marquis |first1=Christopher |url= |title=Mao and Markets: The Communist Roots of Chinese Enterprise |last2=Qiao |first2=Kunyuan |date=2022 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |others=Kunyuan Qiao |isbn=978-0-300-26883-6 |location=New Haven |doi=10.2307/j.ctv3006z6k |jstor=j.ctv3006z6k |oclc=1348572572 |author-link=Christopher Marquis))</ref>((Rp|page=60)) is a mass [[youth organization]] for children aged six to fourteen in the [[People's Republic of China]]. The Young Pioneers of China is run by the [[Communist Youth League of China|Communist Youth League]], an organization of older youth that comes under the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP). The Young Pioneers of China is similar to [[Pioneer Movement]]s that exist or existed in many Communist countries around the world.

==History==
((Unreferenced section|date=July 2021))
The '''Youth and Children of China''' Movement (((zh|s=中国少年儿童队|t=中國少年兒童隊|p=Zhōngguó shàonián értóng duì))) was created on October 13, 1949, by the CCP, and given its present name in June 1953. Between its own founding in 1921 and the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, the CCP ran various other youth movements in communist-held areas.

During the [[Cultural Revolution]] (1966–1978), the Young Pioneers Movement was temporarily dismantled. It was replaced by the [[Little Red Guards]], who were the younger counterparts of the [[Red Guards (China)|Red Guards]], the implementers of the Cultural Revolution. The Young Pioneers Movement was restarted in October 1978.

The transfer of sovereignty of [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]] in 1997 and 1999 respectively has not seen the expansion of CCP organizations (except two small working committees in [[Liaison Office (Hong Kong)|Liaison Office of HK]] & [[Liaison Office (Macao)|Macau]]) to those areas, including the Young Pioneers.

==Membership==

Young Pioneers consist of children between the ages of six and fourteen; upon reaching the age of fourteen, members automatically exit the Young Pioneers and may optionally go on to join the [[Communist Youth League]].<ref name="auto">((Cite web|url=http://zgsxd.k618.cn/sxdjbzs/201710/t20171027_13923175.html|title=中国少年先锋队章程-中国少年先锋队|trans-title=China Youth Pioneer Charter|website=zgsxd.k618.cn|access-date=2018-07-27|archive-date=2018-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210090810/http://zgsxd.k618.cn/sxdjbzs/201710/t20171027_13923175.html|url-status=dead))</ref>  

Most elementary school students are Young Pioneers by the time they graduate from grade school. Most of the schools require students of the right age to become Young Pioneers.<ref>((Cite news |date= July 23, 2003 |url=http://en.people.cn/200307/23/eng20030723_120870.shtml|title=All Chinese Private Colleges to Have Communist Youth Groups|website=[[People's Daily]]))</ref> There were an estimated 130 million Young Pioneers in China, as of 2002.<ref>((Cite news |date=April 13, 2002 |title=社区、农村两大难点考验少先队 |trans-title=Two major difficulties in the community and the countryside test the Young Pioneers |website=[[People's Daily]] |url=http://www.people.com.cn/GB/guandian/183/6103/6104/2442708.html |access-date=March 30, 2014 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183750/http://www.people.com.cn/GB/guandian/183/6103/6104/2442708.html |url-status=dead ))</ref>

Young Pioneers are immersed in [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP ideology]] and wear red scarves as a symbol of their commitment. Joining the Young Pioneers is seen as a normal part of growing up, a rite of passage, or a social expectation in China.

==Organization==

According to the Young Pioneers constitution,<ref name="auto"/> each school or village organizes a Pioneer Battalion (((zh|s=大队|labels=no|p=Dàduì))), which is divided into Pioneer Companies (((zh|s=中队|labels=no|p=Zhōngduì))) each corresponding to a class, which is then further divided into Pioneer Squads/Teams (((zh|s=小队|labels=no|p=Xiǎoduì))) each with a handful of members. Each team has a leader (((zh|s=队长|labels=no|p=Duìzhǎng))) and an assistant leader (((zh|s=副队长|labels=no|p=Fùduìzhǎng))), ; each of the school Companies is led by a committee of between three and seven members; and a Young Pioneers Committee (((zh|s=队委会|labels=no|p=Duìwěihuì))) of between seven and fifteen members serve as the battalion leadership staff. Adult leaders are chosen from either the Communist Youth League or from local teaching staff (called counselor, ((zh|s=辅导员|labels=no|p=Fǔdǎoyuán))).

Young Pioneers  are also directed by a number of Working Committees (((zh|s=少先队工作委员会|labels=no|p=Shǎoxiānduìgōngzuòwěiyuánhuì)) or ((zh|s=少工委|labels=no|p=Shǎogōngwěi)) in short) at different levels over the battalion level up to the National Permanent Standing Commission (((zh|s=中国少年先锋队全国工作委员会|labels=no|p=Zhōngguó Shǎonián Xiānfēngduì Quánguó Gōngzuò Wěiyuánhuì)) or ((zh|s=全国少工委|labels=no|p=Quánguó Shǎogōngwěi)) in short), Working Committees of different levels are responsible to the Congresses of Young Pioneers (((zh|s=少先队代表大会|labels=no|p=Shǎoxiānduì Dàibiǎodàhuì)) or ((zh|s=少代会|labels=no|p=Shǎodàihuì)) in short) at the same level. The current chairperson of the NPSC-YPC is [[He Junke]].

==Constitution==

The Constitution was officially passed on June 1, 1954, on international Children's Day. It has since been amended many times. The [[:wikisource:zh:中国少年先锋队章程|full text]] is available on Wikisource.

==Symbols==
((Unreferenced section|date=February 2022))

===Flag===

According to the Young Pioneers Constitution, the flag is red, symbolizing the victory of the Revolution; the five-pointed star in the middle symbolizes the leadership of the CCP, while the torch symbolizes brightness down the path of communism.

The Pioneer Battalion flag is 90 x 120&nbsp;cm, while the flag of each Company is 60 x 80&nbsp;cm, with an isosceles triangle (60 x 20&nbsp;cm) removed from the right side. The removed triangle corresponds to the red scarf worn by Young Pioneers.

===Emblem===

The emblem consists of the star, the torch, and a banner reading "The Young Pioneers of China".

===Scarf===
The [[red scarf]] (((zh|s=红领巾|p=hónglǐngjīn))) is the only [[uniform]] item. Young Pioneers are often referred to simply as "'''Red Scarves'''"; the investiture ceremony often consists of new members having their scarves tied for them by existing members. Children wearing red scarves are a ubiquitous sight in China.

The red scarf is generally worn around the neck and tied, with no [[woggle]]. Some local groups also come up with other uniform items.

The Young Pioneers Constitution explains that the scarf corresponds to the missing triangle on the Pioneer Company flag. The Constitution also explains that the red of the scarf comes from the blood sacrificed by martyrs of the Revolution, and that all members should therefore wear the scarf with reverence.

===Salute, Slogan, Conduct, Promise===
The Young Pioneers Salute consists of bending the right arm and raising the right hand directly above the head, the palm flat and facing downwards, and the fingers together. It symbolizes that the interests of the People supersede all.

The Motto (and Summons) is:
* [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: ((lang|zh-Hans-CN|准备着，为共产主义事业而奋斗!))
* ([[pinyin]]: Zhǔnbèizhe, wèi gòngchǎnzhǔyì shìyè ér fèndòu!)
* Translation: ''"To struggle for the cause of Communism, be prepared!"''

To which the response is:
* [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: ((lang|zh-Hans-CN|时刻准备着!))
* ([[pinyin]]: Shíkè zhǔnbèizhe!)
* Translation: ''"Always prepared!"''

The stipulated conduct of Young Pioneers, according to the constitution, is:
* [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: ((lang|zh-Hans-CN|诚实、勇敢、活泼、团结))
* ([[pinyin]]: chéngshí, yǒnggǎn, huópō, tuánjié)
* Translation: ''Honesty, Courage, Vivacity, Unity''

The Young Pioneers pledge is:

* [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: ((lang|zh-Hans-CN|我是中国少年先锋队队员。我在队旗下宣誓：我热爱中国共产党，热爱祖国，热爱人民，好好学习，好好锻炼，准备着：为共产主义事业贡献力量。))
* ([[pinyin]]: Wǒ shì Zhōngguó Shàonián Xiānfēngduì duìyuán. Wǒ zài Duìqí xià xuānshì: wǒ rè'ài Zhōngguó Gòngchándǎng, rè'ài zǔguó, rè'ài rénmín, hǎohǎo xúexí, hǎohǎo duànliàn, zhǔnbèizhe: wèi gòngchǎnzhǔyì shìyè gòngxiàn lìliàng.)
* Translation: ''I am a member of the Young Pioneers of China. Under the Flag of the Young Pioneers I swear: I will love the Communist Party of China, the motherland, and the people; I will study hard, strengthen myself [lit. exercise well], and prepare thus: to contribute my strength to the cause of communism.''

===Song===
The Young Pioneers song is ''We are the heirs of communism'' (((zh|s=《我们是共产主义接班人》|p=Wǒmen shì Gòngchǎnzhǔyì Jiēbānrén))). It was originally the theme song of ''Heroic Little [[Eighth Route Army|Eighth-Routers]]'' (((zh|c=《英雄小八路》|p=Yīngxióng Xiǎo Bālù))), a 1961 film about the 1958 [[Second Taiwan Strait Crisis]] and a real-life group of children who stayed on the frontlines of coastal [[Fujian]] in order to help the war effort against [[Kuomintang]] forces.

===Full dress uniform===
Similar to other members of the Pioneer movement worldwide, the full dress uniform is white or blue shirt or polo with undershirt (or skirts for girls) and pants with the red scarf and badges attached to the shirt, with an optional headdress such as a [[beret]]. Sometimes even school uniforms are used, the addition being the red scarf, the optional headdress cap and the organizational and rank badges. During sports events YPs wear athletic uniforms.

==See also==
*[[Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization]]
*[[Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation]]
*[[Korean Children's Union]]
*[[Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization]]
*[[José Martí Pioneer Organization]]

==References==
((Reflist))

== External links ==

* ((Official website))
((Pioneer movement))
((Chinese Communist Party))

[[Category:Pioneer movement]]
[[Category:Chinese Communist Party]]
[[Category:Youth organizations established in 1949]]
[[Category:Communist Youth League of China]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in China]]

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