This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: "Shanghai Metro" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Shanghai Metro
上海地铁
Overview
OwnerShanghai Municipal Government
LocaleShanghai and Kunshan, Jiangsu
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines14[note 1]
Number of stations364[note 2]
Daily ridership9.29 million (2016 avg.)[1]
11.867 million (record)[2]
Annual ridership3.401 billion (2016)[1]
Websitewww.shmetro.com
Operation
Began operationMay 28, 1993 (1993-05-28)
Operator(s)Shanghai Shentong Metro Group
Technical
System length588 km (365.4 mi)[3][note 1]
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
ElectrificationDC 1500 V overhead line; (Line 16) DC 1500 V third-rail
System map

Shanghai Metro
Simplified Chinese上海轨道交通
Traditional Chinese上海軌道交通
Literal meaningShanghai Rail Transit
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShànghǎi Guǐdào Jiāotōng
Wade–GilesShang4-hai3 Kui3-tao4 Chiao1-t'ung1
Wu
Romanization[zɑ̃˨ he˦ kue˧ dɔ˥ tɕiɔ˨ tʰoŋ˨]
Commonly abbreviated as
Simplified Chinese上海地铁
Traditional Chinese上海地鐵
Literal meaningShanghai Subway
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShànghǎi Dìtiě
Wu
RomanizationZånhae dithih

The Shanghai Metro(上海地铁)is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, China, operating urban and suburban rail transit services to 13 of its 16 municipal districts (except Fengxian, Jinshan and Chongming) and to Huaqiao Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province. Opening in 1993 with full-scale construction extending back to 1986, Shanghai Metro is the third oldest rapid transit system in China, after the Beijing Subway and the Tianjin Metro. It has seen substantial growth, significantly during the years leading up to the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, and is still expanding, with its most recent expansions having opened in April 2016. It is the largest component of the Shanghai metropolitan rail transit network, together with the Shanghai Maglev Train, the Zhangjiang Tram and the China Railway-operated commuter rail services to Jinshan and to Lingang New City in Pudong. The metro system is also heavily tied with other forms of public transport in Shanghai.

Currently, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's largest rapid transit system by route length[4][5][6][7][8] and second largest by number of stations[note 2] with 14 lines[note 1] and 364 stations totaling 588 kilometres (365 mi).[9][note 1] It also ranks second in the world by annual ridership after the Beijing Subway, with 3.4 billion rides delivered in 2016.[1] The daily ridership record was set at 11.867 million on April 28, 2017,[2] while over 10 million people use the system on an average workday.[10]

On 16 October 2013, with the extension of Line 11 into Kunshan, Jiangsu province, Shanghai Metro became the first rapid transit system in China to provide cross-provincial service and the second intercity metro after the Guangfo Metro. Further plans to connect the Shanghai Metro with the metro systems of Suzhou and Wuxi are under active review.[11] The first line connecting Shanghai Metro Line 11 and Suzhou Metro Line 3 is projected to be completed in 2020.[12] Ambitious expansion plans call for 25 Lines with over 1,000 km of length by 2025.[13] By then, every location in the central area of Shanghai will be within 600 meters of a subway station.[14]

History

Evolution of the Shanghai Metro

Lines

There are currently 14 lines in operation, with Lines and services are denoted numerically as well as by characteristic colors, which are used as a visual aid for better distinction on station signage and on the exterior of trains, in the form of a colored block or belt.

Unlike in other systems such as the New York City Subway, most tracks in the Shanghai Metro system are served by a single service; thus "Line X" usually refers both to the physical line and its service. The only exception is the segment shared by Lines 3 and 4, between Hongqiao Road Station and Baoshan Road Station, where both services use the same tracks and platforms.

System map of the Shanghai Metro as of April 26, 2016, after Disney Resort Station on Line 11 opens, including the Shanghai Maglev Train
Line Termini
(Location)
Service patterns Opened Newest
extension
Length
km
Stations
Shanghai Metro
01 1  Fujin Road
(Baoshan)
Xinzhuang
(Minhang)
Fujin RoadXinzhuang
Partial: Shanghai Railway StationXinzhuang[47]
1993[15][16] 2007[27] 36.4 28
02 2  East Xujing
(Qingpu)
Pudong International Airport
(Pudong)
Rush Hour: East XujingTangzhen[48]

Mainline: East XujingGuanglan Road
Partial: Songhong RoadLongyang Road
Suburban segment: Guanglan RoadPudong International Airport[49]

1999 2010 63.8 30
03 3  North Jiangyang Road
(Baoshan)
Shanghai South Railway Station
(Xuhui)
North Jiangyang RoadShanghai South Railway Station
Partial: South Changjiang RoadShanghai South Railway Station[50]
2000 2006 40.3 29
04 4 
Loop line
Yishan Road
(Xuhui)
Yishan Road
(Xuhui)
Loop line; certain trains terminate at Yishan Road.[51] 2005 2007 33.7 26
05 5  Xinzhuang
(Minhang)
Minhang Development Zone
(Minhang)
XinzhuangMinhang Development Zone[52] 2003 17.2 11
06 6  Gangcheng Road
(Pudong)
Oriental Sports Center
(Pudong)
Gangcheng RoadOriental Sports Center
Partial: Jufeng RoadGaoqing Road[53]
2007 2011 32.3 28
07 7  Meilan Lake
(Baoshan)
Huamu Road
(Pudong)
Meilan LakeHuamu Road
Rush Hour: Meilan LakeMiddle Longhua Road
Shangda RoadMiddle Longhua Road
Partial: Qihua RoadHuamu Road[54]
2009 2014 44.2 33
08 8  Shiguang Road
(Yangpu)
Shendu Highway
(Minhang)
Shiguang RoadShendu Highway

Partial: Middle Yanji RoadOriental Sports Center[55]

2007 2012 37.4 30
09 9  Songjiang South Railway Station
(Songjiang)
Middle Yanggao Road
(Pudong)
Songjiang South Railway StationMiddle Yanggao Road
Partial: SheshanMiddle Yanggao Road[56]
2007 2012 52.1 26
10 10  Xinjiangwancheng
(Yangpu)
Hongqiao Railway Station (Minhang) XinjiangwanchengHongqiao Railway Station
XinjiangwanchengHangzhong Road[57]
2010 2010 35.4 31
Hangzhong Road (Minhang)
11 11  North Jiading (Jiading) Disney Resort
(Pudong)
HuaqiaoSanlin
North JiadingDisney Resort[58]
2009 2016 82.4 38
Huaqiao (Kunshan, Jiangsu)
12 12  Qixin Road
(Minhang)
Jinhai Road
(Pudong)
Qixin RoadJinhai Road
Partial: Hongmei RoadJufeng Road[59]
2013 2015 40.4 32
13 13  Shibo Avenue
(Pudong)
Jinyun Road
(Jiading)
Shibo AvenueJinyun Road[60] 2012 2015 22.0 19
16 16  Longyang Road
(Pudong)
Dishui Lake
(Pudong)
Longyang RoadDishui Lake, stopping all stations.

Longyang RoadDishui Lake, an express route stopping at Longyang Road, Luoshan Road, Xinchang, Huinan and Dishui Lake.[61]

2013 2014 59 13
Total 596.6
[3][note 1]
364
[note 2]

Services

Partial service patterns

Partial service patterns exist on Lines 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12.[47][49][50][53][54][55][56][58][59] Partial services serve only a (usually busier) sub-segment of the entire physical line. In addition, Line 2 has a piecewise service pattern whereby the suburban segment between Guanglan Road Station and Pudong International Airport Station is served by a 4-car fleet separately. Passengers traveling across Guanglan Road on Line 2 must change trains across the platform at Guanglan Road.

Line 11, one of the two branch lines of the metro system, operates a different partial service pattern. Trains travelling to and from the branch line terminate at Huaqiao Station and Sanlin respectively. Hence, a passenger who wants to travel from the terminus of the branch to the eastern terminus of the line, at Disney Resort must change trains.[58]

Line 16

Line 16, unlike the rest of the system, is built with passing loops and operates a rush-hour express services. The service was postponed in January 30, 2014, due to lack of available trains, but resumed on March 21, 2016.[62][63][64]

Announcements

All trains in the Shanghai Metro display destinations in Simplified Chinese and English, and make announcements in Standard Mandarin, English, and (on line 16 only) Shanghainese in order to indicate next stations, directions, and partial/full-length service patterns.[65]

Operating hours

The operating hours for most Shanghai metro stations starts between 5:00 to 6:00 in the morning and ends between 22:30 to 23:00 CST. In February 2017, Shanghai Metro announced that by April 1, 2017, the operating hours of Line 1, 2, and 7 to 10 will be extended by an hour after the regular last train on each Friday, Saturday and last working days before Chinese Public Holidays. This will be extended to Lines 3, 4, 6, and 11 to 13 by July 1, 2017. By the end of 2018, all the stations in the city center will extend their operating hours after midnight.[66]

Stations

Line 4
Line 7
Line 10

Transfer stations

There are two types of transfer stations: physical transfer stations and transit-card only ones. In a physical transfer station, passengers can transfer between subway lines without exiting a fare zone. In a transit-card only transfer station, however, passengers have to exit and re-enter fare zones as they transfer from one subway line to another. In order to receive a discounted fare, passengers must use a Shanghai public transport card (SPTC) instead of Single-Ride tickets.

Transit-card only transfer stations

A transit-card only transfer station is a station where two lines meet, but unlike a physical interchange, there is no direct pathway between them within the paid fare area. Passengers wishing to interchange must exit the paid fare area for the first line, walk a short distance on the street, and re-enter the paid fare area for the second line. Since June 1, 2008, passengers interchanging using a Shanghai public transport card have their trip regarded as one journey and the distance will be accumulated for fare calculation. Passengers must exit a station and re-enter another within 30 minutes using the same Shanghai public transport card. Those using single-ride tickets cannot use virtual transfers and must purchase a new ticket.

In some cases virtual interchanges in place during a period of construction were superseded by physical interchanges at the completion of the construction. For example, Hongkou Football Stadium Station was previously a virtual interchange between Line 3 and Line 8. Another previously virtual interchange was South Shaanxi Road Station between Line 1 and Line 10; after the opening of an extension of line 12 to the station in December 2015 transfers among all three lines became a physical interchange.

The current virtual interchanges are:

Transport hubs

The busiest station in Shanghai Metro system is People's Square station (Lines 1, 2 and 8). As the interchange station for three lines, it is extremely crowded during peak hours. It remains busy during the rest of the day as it is located near major shopping and tourist destinations such as East Nanjing Road, a pedestrian street, as well as the Shanghai Museum, People's Park, the Shanghai Grand Theatre and Yan'an Park on People's Square. It has the second largest number of exits (totalling 17) in the stations of the metro system.

Xujiahui (Lines 1, 9 and 11) is located in the major Xujiahui commercial center of Shanghai. Six large shopping malls and eight large office towers are each within a three-minute walk of one of the station's exits, numbering a total of 18 since the addition of the four in the Line 9 part of the station that opened in December 2009. This is the largest number of exits of all the stations on the system. This station is also widely used as a pedestrian tunnel across the wide roads.

Lujiazui (Line 2) is the major station in Pudong area. It is situated in the heart of Lujiazui financial district, the financial center of Shanghai. The city's iconic landmarks, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, Jin Mao Tower, Shanghai Tower and Shanghai World Financial Centre are all within walking distance of the station. In contrast to Xujiahui and People's Square, Lujiazui is not particularly busy during off-peak hours or on weekends as it is located in financial district of Shanghai.

Shanghai Railway Station (Lines 1, 3 and 4) is a major transportation hub in Shanghai, containing the railway station, two subway lines and the stop for many city bus lines as well as interprovincial buses. These bus lines will soon be housed in a brand-new bus station. The line 1 platform is in the South square while platforms for line 3/4 are in the North square. These two platforms are technically separate stations, so interchange is only possible between lines 3/4. A transfer to the line 1 platform requires a SPTC or a new ticket.

Shanghai South Railway Station (Lines 1 and 3) is a transport station for line 1 and line 3; and the maintenance base of line 1 is also located at Shanghai South Railway Station.

Zhongshan Park Station (Lines 2, 3 and 4) is a heavily trafficked station due to the large shopping malls and hotel immediately above it.

Century Avenue Station (Lines 2, 4, 6 and 9) is the largest interchange station in the Shanghai Metro system.

Pudong International Airport (Line 2) is the eastern terminus of Line 2. It serves the airport of the same name in Shanghai. The station also provides a transfer with the Shanghai Maglev Train to Longyang Road.

Hongqiao Railway Station (Line 2 and Line 10), Hongqiao Airport Terminal 1 and Hongqiao Airport Terminal 2 are metro stations located in the Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub, composed of the Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station. Both Hongqiao Airport stations are directly linked with the airport, offering many domestic and limited international flights, and the Hongqiao Railway metro station is directly linked with the train station. The airport and railway stations themselves offer a zero-distance transfer.

Ticket system

Jiaotong University Station
Dabaishu Station

Like many other metro systems in the world, Shanghai Metro uses a distance-based fare system.The system uses a "one-ticket network", which means that interchanging is possible between all interchange stations, given that the transfer staying within the Shanghai Metro system, without the purchase of another ticket where available. The Shanghai Public Transport Card, which allows access to most public transport in Shanghai under one card, is another form of payment.

Fares

Single Journey ticket

Single-Journey tickets can be purchased from ticket vending machines, and at some stations, at a ticket window. Single-ride tickets are embedded with RFID contactless chips. When entering the system riders tap the ticket against a scanner above the turnstile, and on exit they insert the ticket into a slot where it is stored and recycled.

Shanghai Public Transportation Card

In addition to a Single-Ride ticket, the fare can be paid using a Shanghai public transport card. Which is similar to the Octopus card of Hong Kong's MTR. This RFID-embedded card can be purchased at selected banks, convenience stores and metro stations with a 20-yuan deposit. This card can be loaded at ticket booths, Service Centers at the metro stations as well as many small convenience stores and banks throughout the city. The Shanghai Public Transportation Card can also be used to pay for other forms of transportation, such as taxi or bus.

One-day pass

A one-day pass was introduced for the Expo 2010 held in Shanghai. The fare for the calendar day was set at 18 yuan, for unlimited travel within the metro system. This is not available through vending machines, but has to be purchased at Service Centers at metro stations.[67]

Three-day pass

A three-day pass is available for Shanghai Metro. The fare for three days was set at 45 yuan, for unlimited travel within the metro system. This pass is not available through vending machines, but has to be purchased at Service Centers at metro stations.

Infrastructure

Platform screen doors installed at Xujiahui Station
Inside a Line 2 train.

Gauge

Standard gauge is used throughout the network, allowing new train equipment to be transported over the Chinese rail network which uses the same gauge.

Stations

Almost all stations, except most of the elevated sections and sections of Line 2 from Songhong Road to Longyang Road, have platform screen doors with sliding acrylic glass at the platform edge. The train stops with its doors lined-up with the sliding doors on the platform edge and open when the train doors open, and are closed at other times. These screens are also being retrofitted on existing lines, starting with Line 1 whose core stations had doors by the end of 2006. On part of Line 2 and most of the elevated sections, the platform has sliding safety doors that reach only halfway up from the ground called Automatic platform gates.

Rolling stock

This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Train sets used by the Metro system:

Most lines currently use 6 car sets, with the exceptions being:

Signalling

Shanghai Metro lines 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are equipped with CBTC systems capable of headways as low as 90 seconds.[68]

Power supply

In contrast to many other metro systems in the world, the Shanghai Metro uses overhead wires for the power supply, except for Line 16 which uses third rail.

On Line 2, Siemens Transportation Systems equipped the line with an overhead contact line (cantilever material: galvanized steel) and 7 DC traction power supply substations.[69]

Passenger information systems

Plasma screens on the platforms show passengers when the next two trains are coming, along with advertisements and public service announcements. The subway cars contain LCD screens showing advertisements and on some lines, the next stop, while above-ground trains have LED screens showing the next stop. The LED screens are being phased in on Line 1 and are also included in lines 7 and 9, two underground lines. There are recorded messages stating the next stop in Mandarin, English, and (on line 16 only) Shanghainese,[65][70] but the messages stating nearby attractions or shops for a given station (a form of paid advertising) are in Mandarin only. The metro operating company is resistant to expanding use of Shanghainese for announcing stops, on the basis that, on most lines, the majority of passengers can understand either Mandarin or English.[71]

Station signs are in Chinese and English. The Metro authority is testing a new systematic numbering system for stations on Line 10.[72]

Shanghai Metro Snapshot

Shanghai Metro
Stations Length KM Ridership Millions No. of Lines Revenue Millions (2016–17)
364 588 3401 14
Ranking
China 1 1 2 2
Asia 1 1 2
World 2 1 2

Future expansion

The Shanghai Metro system is one of the fastest growing metro systems in the world. As of 2017, Shanghai has more than 200 km of subway under construction.[73][74] By the end of 2020, the network will comprise 18 lines spanning 804 kilometres (500 mi).[75] In addition, there are long-term plans to connect the Shanghai Metro with the Suzhou Rail Transit and Wuxi Metro in neighbouring Jiangsu province.[11]

Planned Shanghai Metro network
Planned opening date Route Name Terminals Length (km) Stations Status Notes
Late 2017 Pujiang Line Shendu Highway Huizhen Road 6.644 6 Under construction [75]
  Line 9
3rd Phase Eastern Section Middle Yanggao Road Caolu 13.8 9 Debugging [75]
Hongqiao Railway Station Shanghai Oriental Land 35.3 13 Debugging [75]
2018
  Line 5
South Extension Dongchuan Road Nanqiao Xincheng 17 8 Under construction [75]
2nd Phase Xinjiangwancheng Jilong Road 10 6 Under construction [75]
3rd Phase Shibo Avenue Zhangjiang Road 25.5 12 Under construction [75]
2020 Fengbang Jinhui Road 38.5 31 Under construction [75]
Jinqiu Road Zizhu Science-Based Industry Park 42.3 30 Under construction [75]
1st Phase South Changjiang Road Hangtou Station 36.8 26 Under construction [75]
2025 and beyond
  Line 1
Western extension Xinzhuang Humin Rd 1 1 Planned [76]

[77]

  Line 2
3rd Phase Western Extension East Xujing Panlong Rd 2 1 Planned
  Line 5
Southern Extension Reserved Nanqiao Xincheng Pingzhuang Highway 3.5 1 Planned
  Line 9
Extension 3rd Phase Eastern Section Caolu Caolu Railway Station 3 1 Planned
Western Extension Jinyun Rd East Xujing 10 5 Planned
Tieshan Rd Jinghong Rd 40 30+ Planned
1st Phase Qilianshan Rd Gongqing Forest Park 20 10+ Planned
1st Phase Dongjing Rd Chuansha Rd 28 10+ Planned
1st Phase Xujiahui Minhang Development Zone 29 20+ Planned
Jiamin Line Xinzhuang Jiading Xincheng 42 10+ Planned
Chongming Line Rongqiao Road Chongming Island 47 8 Planned
Airport Express Pudong International Airport Hongqiao Railway Station 68 8 Planned
Western Extension Qixin Rd Jiuting N/A 4 Further Planning
2nd Phase Gongqing Forest Park Zhouhai Rd N/A N/A Further Planning
2nd Phase Dongjing Rd Linggao N/A N/A Further Planning
Western Extension Dongjing Rd West Changjiang Rd N/A N/A Further Planning
Line 22 Changbei Rd Gaoqing Rd 42 30 Further Planning
2nd Phase Minhang Development Zone Chedun N/A N/A Further Planning
Songfa Rd Chenhang Rd 37 24 Further Planning
  Line 25
Xujiahui Jiwang N/A N/A Further Planning

Incidents

See also

3

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e This figure excludes Maglev line and Line 22, both often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system.
  2. ^ a b c 337 is the number of stations if interchanges on different lines are counted separately, with the exception of the 9 stations shared by Lines 3 and 4 on the same track. The stations on the Maglev line and Line 22 are not included.

References

  1. ^ a b c 2016年上海市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 (in Chinese). shanghai.gov.cn. 2017-03-02. Retrieved 2017-03-13.
  2. ^ a b "Metro breaks records" (in Chinese). News Sina. 2017-04-30. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
  3. ^ a b 12月19日起 11、12、13号线新延伸段建成试运营. 上海地铁 (in Chinese). 2015-12-17. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
  4. ^ "Which city has the longest metro system?". Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  5. ^ "Statistics Brief World Metro Figures" (pdf). Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP) (International Association of Public Transport). October 2014. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
  6. ^ "Shanghai now the world's longest metro". Railway Gazette. 4 May 2010. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  7. ^ "Chinese metro boom shows no sign of abating". International Rail Journal. November 19, 2014. Retrieved 23 Nov 2014.
  8. ^ BBC News (4 January 2014). "LONGEST UNDERGROUND NETWORK IN THE WORLD - SHANGHAI SUBWAY - BBC NEWS". Retrieved 13 September 2017 – via YouTube.
  9. ^ a b 13、16号线12月28日新增5站试运营. 上海地铁 (in Chinese). 2014-12-25. Retrieved 2014-12-26.
  10. ^ "上海地铁工作日客流超千万成为新常态". 凤凰. 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2016-03-12.
  11. ^ a b 无锡苏州也将轨交通沪? 目前有规划但尚无时间表. Eastday (in Chinese). 18 October 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013. ((cite news)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |trans_title= (help)
  12. ^ "上海11号线、17号线有望接轨苏州S1线、4号线". sh.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2016-08-26.
  13. ^ "上海未来10年9条轨交新线公示 全线站点解密 ——凤凰房产上海". sh.house.ifeng.com. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  14. ^ "天天快报". kuaibao.qq.com. Retrieved 2016-08-26.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i 20年迈向世界:珍贵老照片展示上海地铁发展. Eastday (in Chinese). 27 May 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  16. ^ a b c ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  17. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  18. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  19. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  20. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  21. ^ a b ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  22. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  23. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  24. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  25. ^ a b ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  26. ^ "上海5条地铁线初定12月28日通车". Sh.eastday.com. 2007-11-28. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  27. ^ a b c d e f ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  28. ^ ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  29. ^ a b c d ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  30. ^ 上海轨道交通南北向骨干线路通车 Xinhua Dec. 5, 2009
  31. ^ a b c d e f ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  32. ^ "上海轨道交通11号线".
  33. ^ 2号线明起通至浦东国际机场. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
  34. ^ "上海地铁总长 全球第一". Zaobao.com. 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  35. ^ 轨道交通世博会试运营首日经受考验 Official site of Shanghai Metro. Retrieved on April 21, 2010.
  36. ^ "直击上海世博会试运行首日:水陆路冷热不均-搜狐新闻". news.sohu.com. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  37. ^ "虹桥火车站站".
  38. ^ a b c ":::: 上海市地方志办公室 上海通网站 上海市地情资料库 上海市的百科全书::::". shtong.gov.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  39. ^ "济阳路地铁站改东方体育中心站_新闻_新民网". news.xinmin.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  40. ^ a b [1] Shanghai Metro. Retrieved on December 30, 2012.
  41. ^ 11号线二期8月31日起通车试运营 (in Chinese). Shanghai Metro. 2013-08-29. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
  42. ^ 11号线"北上"江苏花桥段明试运营 沪苏交通卡均可使用. Eastday (in Chinese). 2013-10-16. Retrieved 2013-10-16.
  43. ^ 上海地铁·新闻中心·12号线、16号线12月29日起载客试运营
  44. ^ "12号线曲阜路站5月10日起开站迎客". 上海地铁运管中心. 2014-05-05. Retrieved 2014-05-10.
  45. ^ "上海地铁". www.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-13.
  46. ^ "上海地铁".
  47. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  48. ^ "上海地铁".
  49. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-08-03. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  50. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  51. ^ "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  52. ^ "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  53. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  54. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  55. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  56. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  57. ^ "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-08-03. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  58. ^ a b c "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  59. ^ a b "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-06.
  60. ^ "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  61. ^ "上海地铁". service.shmetro.com. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  62. ^ 12号线、16号线12月29日起载客试运营
  63. ^ "上海地铁". www.shmetro.com. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  64. ^ "16号线首末班车时刻表". 上海地铁官方网站. 27 December 2014.
  65. ^ a b "16号线开通乘客爆棚 采用3节编组首次用沪语报站 _新浪上海". sh.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  66. ^ "2018年底上海中心城区地铁运营全"过零点"". shanghai.xinmin.cn. Retrieved 2017-03-13. ((cite web)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  67. ^ Signs at the Service points seen on 4–5 July 2010 at the Xujiahui (near Exit 8) and Shanghai West Railway Station.
  68. ^ "沪部分轨交线明年采用信号系统升级版". Retrieved 2012-11-22.
  69. ^ "Metro-System Line 2, Shanghai, China". Archived from the original on 2009-06-28. Retrieved 2008-07-06. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  70. ^ "Shanghai Metro to make announcements in Shanghainese". Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  71. ^ "上海地铁副总裁指若地铁增加沪语报站是听觉污染". 羊城网. 2014-09-06.
  72. ^ "Shanghai Daily". Shanghai Daily. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  73. ^ "上海地铁运营里程世界第一". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2017-04-08.
  74. ^ "Shanghai Metro sees record passenger numbers in March". gbtimes.com. Retrieved 2017-04-08.
  75. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "上海新一轮轨道交通建设全面展开". Shanghai Metro. 2014-12-29.
  76. ^ Shanghai Municipal Government: City mulls plan for nine more Metro projects. publicnow.com. 20 April 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2016. ((cite news)): Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help)
  77. ^ 上海市轨道交通近期建设规划(2017-2025)出炉 规划有9条线路 (in Chinese). Shanghai Municipal Government website. 19 April 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
  78. ^ "Subway snag hits thousands". Chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  79. ^ "上海地铁发生列车侧面碰撞事故 目前无乘客受伤". Chinanews.com.cn. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
  80. ^ "Woman killed in subway accident in Shanghai". China Daily. 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
  81. ^ "Signal maker: Not to blame for Shanghai rail crash". AP.