The modern Olympic Games or Olympics, are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.[1] In the Olympic Games during the years, despite its approach of "peace through sport", there have been many expressions of antisemitism, most notably in the Munich Massacre of 1972, which ended in the death of eleven Israeli athletes. The first official commemoration by the International Olympic Committee in acknowledgment of the massacre happened in 2016.[2]

The Olympic Games

Berlin - 1936

Athletics, 5000 m, Berlin 1936

Main article: 1936 Summer Olympics

Munich - 1972

One of the Munich's terrorists

Main article: Munich massacre

Moscow - 1980

Athens - 2004

London - 2012

Remembering the Munich massacre, during London 2012

Rio de Janeiro - 2016

PyeongChang - 2018

See also

References

  1. ^ "Olympic Games".
  2. ^ "First official IOC ceremony in memory of Munich victims". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
  3. ^ a b "Most Controversial Summer Olympic Games In History". 14 March 2019.
  4. ^ Juan Sanchez (7 August 2007). Terrorism & Its Effects. Global Media. p. 144. ISBN 978-81-89940-93-5. Retrieved 16 December 2012.[permanent dead link]
  5. ^ Aubrey, Stefan M. (11 September 2001). The new dimension of international ... vdf Hochschulverlag AG. ISBN 9783728129499. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
  6. ^ Kushner, Harvey W. (2003). Encyclopedia of terrorism. SAGE Publications. ISBN 9780761924081. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
  7. ^ Simon, Jeffrey David (18 July 1976). The terrorist trap: America's ... Indiana University Press. ISBN 0253214777. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
  8. ^ Reeve, Simon (22 January 2006), "Olympics Massacre: Munich – The real story", The Independent, archived from the original on 16 March 2012, retrieved 3 March 2012
  9. ^ Fleisher, Malkah (22 July 2012). ""Baffled" Bob Costas to Call Own Minute of Silence During Olympic Broadcast for Slain Israeli Team". The Jewish Press. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
  10. ^ Ciment, James (20 March 2015). Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II. Routledge. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-317-47186-8. Early acts at Palestinian terrorism were geared toward drawing international attention to the plight of Arabs living under Israeli occupation and to secure the release of Palestinian prisoners. Unlike much later terrorism in the Arab Muslim world, these acts, which ranged from plane hijackings to targeted attacks on Israeli civilians, were motivated largely by a secular brand of nationalism. In fact, Luttif "Issa" Afif, the leader of the PLO-affiliated Black September group that captured and killed 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics, was born to a Jewish mother and a Christian father.
  11. ^ Latsch, Gunther; Wiegrefe, Klaus (18 June 2012), "Files Reveal Neo-Nazis Helped Palestinian Terrorists", Spiegel Online
  12. ^ "First official Olympic ceremony held in memory of Munich victims".
  13. ^ "TIMELINE: Jews in the Summer Olympics". Jul 20, 2012.
  14. ^ "BBC NEWS - Europe - Mystery over Iran judo 'protest'". 15 August 2004.
  15. ^ "Unsportsmanlike conduct". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  16. ^ Johnston, Ian (6 August 2012). "Olympics officials accused of anti-Semitism over Munich remembrance". NBC News. Archived from the original on 8 August 2012.
  17. ^ "London 2012: Silence held for 1972 Munich victims at athletes village". The Guardian. Press Association. 2012-07-23. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
  18. ^ "Rio 2016 Olympics: Lebanese athletes refuse to travel with Israel team". BBC Sport. 6 August 2016.
  19. ^ "Anti-Semitism at Olympics by Muslim nations keeps age-old animosities alive". 11 August 2016.
  20. ^ "A.J. Edelman: A Jewish Pittsburgher meets antisemitism at the Olympics, and here". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 2023-01-15.