- One of the Operation Tidal Wave B-24s over a burning oil refinery at Ploiești, Romania, 1 August 1943.
Bucharest World War II bombings | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Part of Strategic bombing campaign in Europe | |||||
Bombing of the Gara de Nord marshalling yard (April, 1944) | |||||
| |||||
Belligerents | |||||
![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() | ||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||
![]() | |||||
Casualties and losses | |||||
Civilians: 5,524 killed, 3,373 wounded |
The Bucharest World War II bombings were primarily Allied bombings of railroad targets and those of the Oil Campaign of World War II, but included a bombing by Nazi Germany after 1944 coup d'état. Bucharest stored and distributed much of Ploiești's refined oil products.[1]: 190 [2]
The first operation was a sequence of 17 aerial bombardments, starting with the one of April 4, 1944. The bombings were carried out over a period of about 4 months by the United States Air Force and the British Royal Air Force, with approximately 3,640 bombers of different types, accompanied by about 1,830 fighters. As collateral damage, 5,524 inhabitants were killed, 3,373 were injured, and 47,974 were left homeless.[3] The second operation was executed by the German Luftwaffe in retaliation for Romania having changed sides (immediately after the fall of the fascist regime headed by Ion Antonescu), and took place on August 23–26, 1944.[4]
Taking into account the large number of victims and damage caused, the aerial bombings of 1944 represent the greatest tragedy in the history of Bucharest in the twentieth century.[5]
Date | Target/Topic | |
---|---|---|
1944-04-04[6] | Railroad targets | ![]() |
1944-04-15[9] | Railroad targets | ![]() |
1944-06-10 | Romana Americana oil works, Ploiești | ![]() |
1944-06-28 | Oil refineries | ![]() |
1944-08-17/18 | Oil refineries | ![]() |
1944-07-31 | Oil refineries | ![]() |
1944-08-06 | Railroad targets | ![]() |
1944-08-23/24 & 24/25 | ![]() |