Jean-Louis Barrault
Barrault, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1952
Born	(1910-09-08)8 September 1910 Le Vésinet, France
Died	22 January 1994(1994-01-22) (aged 83) Paris, France
Spouse	Madeleine Renaud ​ (m. 1940)​

Jean-Louis Bernard Barrault (French: [baʁo]; 8 September 1910 – 22 January 1994) was a French actor, director and mime artist who worked on both screen and stage.

Biography

Barrault was born in Le Vésinet in France in 1910. His father was 'a Burgundian pharmacist who died in the First World War.'^[1]:87 He studied at the Collége Chaptal until 1930, when he began his studies at the École du Louvre.^[1]:87

Theatre

From 1931 to 1935 Barrault studied and acted at Charles Dullin's L'Atelier.^[2]:32 His first performance was a small role in Ben Jonson's Volpone. At the time, Barrault was unable to afford rent and Dullin allowed him to sleep in the theatre on Volpone's bed.^[3]:16 It was L'Atelier that he first met and studied under Étienne Decroux,^[4]:41 with whom he would create the pantomime La Vie Primitive in 1931.^[1]:87

He was a member of the Comédie-Française from 1942 to 1946, performing lead roles in Shakespeare's Hamlet and Corneille's Le Cid.^[2]:32 He and his wife, actress Madeleine Renaud, formed their own troupe, Compagnie Renaud-Barrault, in 1946 at Paris' Théâtre Marigny.^[5]:161 In 1951 he published his memoirs, Reflections on the Theatre.^[6]

He was made director of Théâtre de France in 1959, and remained in the role until 1969. In 1971 he was reappointed director of Théâtre des Nations. He retired from theatre in 1990.^[1]:87

Film

In 1935 he had his first film role in Marc Allégret's Les Beaux Jours.^[1]:87 He would go on to act in nearly 50 movies over the course of his career. One of his most famous performances was in Marcel Carné's film Les Enfants du Paradis (1945), in which he played the mime Jean-Gaspard Deburau.^[5]:161

He was the uncle of actress Marie-Christine Barrault and sometime sponsor of Peter Brook.^{[citation needed]} In 1940, he married the actress Madeleine Renaud. They founded a number of theaters together and toured extensively, including in South America.^{[citation needed]}

Barrault died from a heart attack in Paris on 22 January 1994, at the age of 83.^[1]:87 He is buried with his wife Renaud in the Passy Cemetery in Paris.^{[citation needed]}

Filmography