New Netherland, or Nieuw-Nederland in Dutch, was the seventeenth century colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands on northeastern coast of North America. The claimed territory were the lands from the Delmarva Peninsula to southern Cape Cod. Settled areas are now part of Mid-Atlantic states of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Its capital, New Amsterdam, was located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan on the Upper New York Bay.

Initially explored in 1609 by Henry Hudson, sailing on an expedtion for the Dutch West India Company, the region was later surveyed and charted, and given it's name in 1614. The Dutch named the three main rivers of the province the Zuyd Rivier or South River), the Noort Rivier or North River, and the Versche Rivier or Fresh River, and intended to use them to gain access to the interior, the indigenous population, and the lucrative fur trade. During the first decade Fort Nassau was built in Mowhawk and Mahican territory, and small trading stations were set up, possibly at Schenectady, Schoharie, Esopus, Communipaw and elsewhere. Jan Rodrigues is the first recorded non-Native American to winter on the island of Manhattan in 1611.

International law required not only discovery and charting but also settlement to perfect a territorial claim. In 1624 New Netherland became a province of the Dutch Republic. All the large towns of New New Netherland were located near Hudson's River, which was the main thoroughfare.


Chronological list of settlements


The Commonality of New Amsterdam, included the isle of Manhattan, Staaten Eylandt, Pavonia, and the six Lange Eylandt settlements.

The Esopus country includes Catskill.

The Zuyd Rivier settlements included those which had been built in officially "unrecognized" New Sweden and were brought under New Netherland control in 1655. Zwaanendael was site of first Dutch colonial settlement in Delaware, in 1631, was destr [7] In 1673, Pieter Corneliszoon Plockhoy attempted to create a "utopian" settlement nearby but it soon expired under English rule.[8]

Rensselaerwyck, the patroonship Kiliaen van Rensselaer, was dismantled in the 18th century became different counties and towns, among them: Blauvelt, Cohoes, Colonie, Watervliet

The 1623 Fresh River Fort House of Good Hope settlement of what is now Hartford, was in 1636 settled by 100 English Massachusetts Colony and, in 1639, a new governing body formed the colony of the "Plantacons of the Connecticott River". [9] [10]In 1650, Petrus Stuyvesant agreed in the Treaty of Hartford to reliquish claims to the area and move the border 50 kilometers west.



see also

Toponymy of New Netherland

References

  1. ^ Rabushka, Alwina Taxation in Colonial America
  2. ^ Communipaw
  3. ^ O’Callaghan, Edmund B, Bertold Fernow ed., Documents relative to the colonial history of the state of New York (Albany 1856-1887) Book II, Chapter II, PartIVhttp://www.usgennet.org/usa/ny/state/his/bk2/ch2/pt4.html
  4. ^ http://www.bronxmall.com/cult/series/2.html
  5. ^ Staff. "HUGUENOTS WILL STAGE STATEN ISLAND FETE; Will Celebrate Today Settlement of Old Town in 1661-- Gov. Roosevelt Invited.", The New York Times, June 28, 1931. Accessed November 13, 2008.
  6. ^ BROOKLYN NEIGHBORHOODS.. Present & Past, accessed December 21, 2006
  7. ^ The Zwaanendael Museum
  8. ^ Bart Plantegna. (April 2001) "The Mystery of the Plockhoy Settlement in the Valley of Swans". Mennonite Historical Bulletin.
  9. ^ Suckiaug
  10. ^ Suckiaug




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