A peripheral device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device used to transfer information into and out of a computer.^[1] The term peripheral device refers to all hardware components that are attached to a computer and are controlled by the computer system, but they are not the core components of the computer.

Several categories of peripheral devices may be identified, based on their relationship with the computer:

• An input device sends data or instructions to the computer, such as a mouse, keyboard, graphics tablet, image scanner, barcode reader, game controller, light pen, light gun, microphone and webcam;
• An output device provides output data from the computer, such as a computer monitor, projector, printer, headphones, and computer speakers;
• An input/output device performs both input and output functions, such as a computer data storage device (including a disk drive, solid-state drive, USB flash drive, memory card and tape drive), modem, router, gateway, network adapter and multi-function printer.

Many modern electronic devices, such as Internet-enabled digital watches, video game consoles, smartphones, and tablet computers, have interfaces for use as computer peripheral devices.