Timeline
The following is a timeline of the history of the U.S. city of Detroit, Michigan.
20th century
1900s-1950s
- 1900: At the beginning of the century, Detroit had 285,704 residents (13th largest city in the U.S.
- 1901
- 1902
- 1903
- 1904
- 1907
- 1909 - Ford Building constructed.
- 1911: Chevrolet opens its first factory in Detroit. This was significant in the birth of Detroit as the center of the American automobile industry, something that became huge in the city's economy and overall identity.
- 1912
- 1913
- 1914 - Detroit Institute of Musical Arts founded.
- 1915 - Kiwanis Club founded.
- 1916: Large influx of African Americans into the city during the Great Migration
- 1917: The World War I Draft occurred. Known as the Selective Service Act of 1917, 24 million men between the ages of 18 and 45 registered to fight. This created many more jobs for African Americans in the city of Detroit as a lot of working men went off to war.
- 1918 - 1918 influenza epidemic.
- 1918: WW1 ends
- 1919 - Orchestra Hall opens.
- 1920: Detroit becomes the 4th largest city in America
- 1920s: All throughout the 1920s, patterns arose of whites beginning to define black neighborhoods by race. The 8 mile Wyoming colonie became a prominent arena for African Americans. White bureaucrats decided to erect a wall known as the"Detroit Wall" to segregate a black neighborhood in Detroit for real estate purposes. Paradise Valley also became a place that many blacks were confined to during this time.
- 1921 - Detroit Historical Society formed. Organizations in the United States and Canada
- 1923: The Ford Motor Company and African American churches align. During this time, due to Henry Ford's strong relationship with prominent Black ministers in the city, his company was the largest employer of African American workers in all of Detroit. Ford and church leaders worked together in the black community to employ thousands and prevent conflicts between black and white workers.
- 1924 - Ambassador cinema in business.
- 1925 - Buhl Building constructed.
- 1925: Ossian Sweet riots. A large crowd was protesting outside Ossian Sweet's house because they did not want him moving into their neighborhood. Rocks were thrown at his home and many windows were broken. Sweet responded by shooting into the crowd and was subsequently charged with murder.
- 1927
- 1928
- 1929
- 1930
- 1932: Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Act was passed. This act served to form the Federal Home Loan Bank Board which supervised loan institutions and to lower the overall cost of home ownership.
- 1933: Formation of Home Owners' Loan Cooperation (HOLC). Established as part of the New Deal, this group mainly served to help refinance home mortgages that faced a risk of foreclosure due to the 1929 economic crash and the housing industry collapse.
- Diego Rivera paints Detroit Industry Murals in the Institute of Arts.
- 1934: Formation of the Federal Housing Authority. The FHA is responsible for setting standards for construction and insuring and underwriting loans made by various lenders.
- 1935: The United Auto Workers labor union was founded. Ford was the first company to sign a contract with them, again showing the impact that the Ford Motor Company has had throughout Detroit's history.
- Detroit Tigers baseball team win 1935 World Series defeating the Chicago Cubs 4 games to 2. The season was their 35th since they entered the American League in 1901. It was the first World Series championship for the Tigers.
- 1936: 239 maps were commissioned by FHLB for the HOLC and the FHA.
The FHLB determined which neighborhoods were safe for loans and which were not. This resulted in redlining and Blacks found it very difficult to get loans.
- Citizen's housing and planning council formed in Detroit
- The Davidson Freeway was built (the first urban one ever built in the U.S).
- Exec Order 8802 (FEPC) - mandated non discrimination in the workplace (factories)
- Electric streetcars run on Woodward Avenue every 60 seconds at peak times.
- 1942: Pickets at Sojourner Truth Housing
- 1943: - The Detroit riot. A race riot, spurred by competition among black and white residents for wartime factory jobs, resulted in 34 deaths.
- 1944: GI Bill was passed.
-Blacks had trouble buying property outside redline areas and couldn't get loans to buy within red line areas.
- Future singer Diana Ross born.
- 1945 - Detroit Tigers won the 1945 World Series.
- 1946 - Russell Kelly Office Service
- 1948: Shelley v Kraemer. The decision ruled that restrictive covenants cannot be enforced. However, it was ineffective to get people to stop using them because they didn't want their neighborhood to get a poor rating.
- 1949: Taft Ellender Wagner Act is passed. This resulted in more funding for public housing.
1950s-1990s
- 1950
- 1951 - Detroit celebrates its 250th anniversary with exhibitions, parades, lectures, entertainments, historical publications, new building construction and more.
- 1954 - City-County Building constructed.
- 1955
- 1956 - Electric streetcar service discontinued on Detroit's last line along Woodward Avenue.
- 1958
- 1959 - Pavilion Apartments built in Lafayette Park.
- 1960
- 1961 - Jerome Cavanagh is elected mayor.
- 1963 - Great March to Freedom.
- 1964
- 1965
- 1967
- 1968
- 1970
- 1973 - Coleman Young elected Detroit's first black mayor—a position he would hold for 20 years.[33]
- 1977 - Renaissance Center skyscraper complex built.[34]
- 1978 - January: Great Blizzard of 1978.
- 1979–1980 - Saddam Hussein makes large donations to a Detroit church and receives a key to the city. Hussein's relationship with Detroit began in 1979, when the Reverend Jacob Yasso of Chaldean Sacred Heart congratulated Hussein on his presidency. Yasso said that in return his church had received $450,000 from the former Iraqi dictator.[35]
- 1980
- 1984 - The Detroit Tigers won the 1984 World Series, defeating the San Diego Padres in five games.
- 1987
- 1988 - Bel-Air cinema in business.[21]
- 1990
- 1992 - November 5: Black motorist Malice Green dies after struggling with white policemen Larry Nevers and Walter Budzyn during a traffic stop. The officers were later convicted and sentenced to prison. The convictions were overturned, but the officers were retried and convicted of lesser charges.
- 1993 - One Detroit Center skyscraper built.[17][36]
- 1994 - Nancy Kerrigan is attacked in the Cobo Arena shortly before the 1994 U.S. Figure Skating Championships, which were taking place in Detroit. The attack renders her unable to take part.[37]
- 1995 - July: Detroit newspaper strike of 1995–97 begins.
- 1996
- November: Michigan votes to allow the operation of three casinos in Detroit.
- Detroit Opera House renovated.
- 1997 - June: Detroit Red Wings ice hockey team wins their first Stanley Cup in 42 years.
- 1998 - City website online (approximate date).[38][39]
- 1999 - Detroit Tigers play their final baseball game in classic Tiger Stadium, which had opened in 1912.
- 2000 - Comerica Park stadium opens.
- 2000 - Population 951,270