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((Moresources|date=November 2021))
((Use mdy dates|date=March 2013))
((Infobox settlement
| settlement_type                 = [[New England town|Town]]
| official_name                   = Wellesley, Massachusetts
| image_skyline                   = Wellesley Town Hall.jpg
| image_caption                   = Wellesley Town Hall
| image_seal                      = Seal of Wellesley, Massachusetts.png
| seal_alt                        = Yellow, green and white seal with "WELLESLEY" and "APRIL 4, 1881" in black
| image_map                       = Norfolk County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Wellesley highlighted.svg
| mapsize                         = 250px
| map_caption                     = Location of Wellesley in [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts]]
| pushpin_map                     = Massachusetts
| pushpin_label                   = Wellesley
| pushpin_label_position          = left
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in Massachusetts
| coordinates                     = ((coord|42|17|47|N|71|17|35|W|dim:100000_region:US-MA|display=inline,title))
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = ((Flagu|United States|size=23px))
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
| subdivision_name1               = ((Flag|Massachusetts|size=23px))
| subdivision_name2               = ((Flagicon image|Flag of Norfolk County, Massachusetts.gif|size=23px)) [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Norfolk]]
| established_title               = Settled
| established_date                = 1660
| established_title2              = Incorporated
| established_date2               = 1881
| government_type                 = [[Representative town meeting]]
| leader_title                    = [[Board of selectmen|Select Board]]
| leader_name                     = ((Collapsible list
   |framestyle=border:none; padding:0;
   |title=List of Select Board members
   |1=Thomas Ulfelder |2=Ann-Mara Lanza |3=Beth Sullivan Woods |4=Colette Aufranc |5=Lise Olney))
| government_footnotes            = <ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.wellesleyma.gov/349/Board-of-Selectmen |title=Wellesley Board of Selectmen ))</ref>
| area_magnitude                  = 
| area_total_sq_mi                = 10.49
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 10.18
| area_water_sq_mi                = 0.31
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="GR2">((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website))</ref>
| population_as_of                = 2020
| population_total                = 29550
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_density_sq_mi        = 2,902.75
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="2020census">((cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/wellesleytownnorfolkcountymassachusetts,US/PST045219 |title=U.S. Census Bureau Quickfacts: United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=September 15, 2021))</ref>
| elevation_m                     = 43
| elevation_ft                    = 141
| timezone                        = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset                      = −5
| timezone_DST                    = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = −4
| website                         = [http://www.wellesleyma.gov/ www.wellesleyma.gov]
| postal_code_type                = ZIP Codes
| postal_code                     = 02481, 02482, 02457
| area_code                       = [[Area code 339|339]]/[[Area code 781|781]]
| blank_name                      = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info                      = 25-74175
| blank1_name                     = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info                     = 0618332
| unit_pref                       = Imperial
))

'''Wellesley''' (((IPAc-en|ˈ|w|ɛ|l|z|l|i))) is a [[New England town|town]] in [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Norfolk County]], [[Massachusetts]], United States. Wellesley is part of [[Greater Boston]]. The population was 29,550 at the time of the 2020 census.<ref name="2020census"/> [[Wellesley College]], [[Babson College]], and a campus of [[Massachusetts Bay Community College]] are located in the town.

== History ==
Wellesley was settled in the 1600s as part of [[Dedham, Massachusetts]]. It was subsequently a part of [[Needham, Massachusetts]] called West Needham, Massachusetts. On October 23, 1880, West Needham residents voted to secede from Needham, and the town of Wellesley was later christened by the Massachusetts legislature on April 6, 1881. The town was named after the estate of local benefactor [[Horatio Hollis Hunnewell]].<ref name="wickedlocal.com2">((Cite news |url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/wellesley/town_info/history/x884488013/Monument-marks-birthplace-of-Wellesley |title=Monument marks birthplace of Wellesley |date=October 26, 2009 |newspaper=The Wellesley Townsman |first=Anne-Marie |last=Smolski |access-date=March 14, 2010))</ref><ref>((Cite web |url=https://wellesleyma.gov/472/History-of-Wellesley |access-date=July 17, 2021 |title=History of Wellesley |first=Beth |last=Hinchliffe))</ref>

Wellesley's population grew by over 80 percent around the 1920s.<ref>((Cite book |title=Access for All: Transportation and Urban Growth |first1=K. H. |last1=Schaeffer |first2=Elliott |last2=Sclar |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |year=1980 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSty8KR3clIC&q=Braintree+suburbanization&pg=PA86 |access-date=January 16, 2010 |isbn=0-231-05165-4))</ref>

==Geography==
Wellesley is located in eastern Massachusetts. It is bordered on the east by [[Newton, Massachusetts|Newton]], on the north by [[Weston, Massachusetts|Weston]], on the south by [[Needham, Massachusetts|Needham]] and [[Dover, Massachusetts|Dover]] and on the west by [[Natick, Massachusetts|Natick]]. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of ((convert|10.49|mi2|km2)), of which ((convert|10.18|mi2|km2)) is land and ((convert|0.32|mi2|km2)) is water.<ref name="GR2" />

===Neighborhoods===
((Div col)) 
*Wellesley Farms<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS">((cite web |last1=Shulkin |first1=Traci |title=WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS |url=http://tracishulkin.com/wellesley-neighborhoods/ |website=The Traci Shulkin Group |access-date=29 August 2020))</ref>
*The Fells<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/>
*Wellesley Hills<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/> (02481)<ref>((cite web |title=Zip Code 02481, Wellesley Hills, MA |url=https://www.zip-codes.com/zip-code/02481/zip-code-02481.asp |website=Zip-codes.com |access-date=29 August 2020))</ref>
*Wellesley Square<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/> (02482)<ref>((cite web |title=Zip Code 02482, Wellesley, MA |url=https://www.zip-codes.com/zip-code/02482/zip-code-02482.asp |website=Zip-codes.com |access-date=29 August 2020))</ref>
*Poets' Corner<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/> 
*Babson Park<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/> (02457)<ref>((cite web |title=ZIP Code 02457 |url=https://www.unitedstateszipcodes.org/02457/ |website=Zipcodes.org |access-date=29 August 2020))</ref>
*Peirce Estates<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/>
*College Heights<ref name="WELLESLEY NEIGHBORHOODS"/>
 ((Div col end))

===Climate===
Wellesley has a [[warm-summer humid continental climate]] (''Dfb'' under the [[Köppen climate classification]] system), with high [[humidity]] and [[precipitation]] year-round.
((Weather box|location = Wellesley, Massachusetts
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 66
|Feb record high F = 67
|Mar record high F = 74
|Apr record high F = 82
|May record high F = 91
|Jun record high F = 95
|Jul record high F = 100
|Aug record high F = 97
|Sep record high F = 97
|Oct record high F = 87
|Nov record high F = 77
|Dec record high F = 66
|Jan high F = 33.6
|Feb high F = 34.7
|Mar high F = 43.4
|Apr high F = 54.9
|May high F = 66.4
|Jun high F = 74.7
|Jul high F = 80
|Aug high F = 78
|Sep high F = 70.9
|Oct high F = 60.5
|Nov high F = 48.9
|Dec high F = 37.4
|Jan mean F= 26
|Feb mean F= 26
|Mar mean F= 33
|Apr mean F= 42
|May mean F= 53
|Jun mean F= 62
|Jul mean F= 68
|Aug mean F= 66
|Sep mean F= 60
|Oct mean F= 50
|Nov mean F= 39
|Dec mean F= 30
|Jan low F = 18.3
|Feb low F = 18.8
|Mar low F = 27
|Apr low F = 36.5
|May low F = 46.4
|Jun low F = 55.4
|Jul low F = 61.5
|Aug low F = 60.3
|Sep low F = 53.4
|Oct low F = 43.4
|Nov low F = 33.7
|Dec low F = 22.8
|Jan record low F = -14
|Feb record low F = -21
|Mar record low F = -5
|Apr record low F = 6
|May record low F = 27
|Jun record low F = 31
|Jul record low F = 44
|Aug record low F = 32
|Sep record low F = 28
|Oct record low F = 32
|Nov record low F = 26
|Dec record low F = 22
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 4.2
|Feb precipitation inch = 3.9
|Mar precipitation inch = 4.6
|Apr precipitation inch = 4.1
|May precipitation inch = 3.7
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.6
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.7
|Aug precipitation inch = 4.1
|Sep precipitation inch = 4
|Oct precipitation inch = 4
|Nov precipitation inch = 4.4
|Dec precipitation inch = 4.4
|Jan precipitation days = 12
|Feb precipitation days = 11
|Mar precipitation days = 13
|Apr precipitation days = 12
|May precipitation days = 12
|Jun precipitation days = 12
|Jul precipitation days = 11
|Aug precipitation days = 10
|Sep precipitation days = 9
|Oct precipitation days = 10
|Nov precipitation days = 11
|Dec precipitation days = 12
|Jan snow inch = 16.1
|Feb snow inch = 16
|Mar snow inch = 12
|Apr snow inch = 3.1
|May snow inch = 0.1
|Jun snow inch = 0
|Jul snow inch = 0
|Aug snow inch = 0
|Sep snow inch = 0
|Oct snow inch = 0.3
|Nov snow inch = 2.7
|Dec snow inch = 11.7
|source 1 = [https://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=744920&cityname=Dedham%2C+Massachusetts%2C+United+States+of+America&units== Climate Summary for Dedham, Massachusetts]
|source 2= [https://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=744920&cityname=Dedham%2C+Massachusetts%2C+United+States+of+America&units==== Monthly- All Data for Dedham, Massachusetts]
|date = February 24, 2023
))

==Demographics==
((See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income))
((Historical populations | type=USA
 | 1890|3600
 | 1900|5072
 | 1910|5413
 | 1920|6224
 | 1930|11439
 | 1940|15127
 | 1950|20549
 | 1960|26071
 | 1970|28051
 | 1980|27209
 | 1990|26615
 | 2000|26613
 | 2010|27982
 | 2020|29550
 | 2022*|30524
 | footnote=* = population estimate.  Source: [[United States Census]] records and [[Population Estimates Program]] data.<ref>((cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022| publisher=United States Census Bureau | access-date=May 20, 2023 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html ))</ref><ref name="2020census"></ref><ref name="2010_Census">((cite web | title=TOTAL POPULATION (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts | publisher=United States Census Bureau | access-date=September 13, 2011 | url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/P1/0400000US25.06000 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212202839/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/P1/0400000US25.06000 | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 12, 2020 ))</ref><ref name="2000-2009_PopulationEstimates">((cite web | title=Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision – GCT-T1. Population Estimates | publisher=United States Census Bureau | access-date=July 12, 2011 | url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US25&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-T1&-ds_name=PEP_2009_EST&-_lang=en&-format=ST-9&-_sse=on | archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212040628/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US25&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-T1&-ds_name=PEP_2009_EST&-_lang=en&-format=ST-9&-_sse=on | archive-date=February 12, 2020 | url-status=dead ))</ref><ref name="1990_Census">((cite web | title=1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts | id=1990 CP-1-23 | at=Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990 | publisher=US Census Bureau | access-date=July 12, 2011 |date=December 1990 | url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cp1/cp-1-23.pdf))</ref><ref name="1980_Census">((cite web | title=1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts | id=PC80-1-A23 | at=Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980 | publisher=US Census Bureau | access-date=July 12, 2011 |date=December 1981 | url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_maABC-01.pdf))</ref><ref name="1950_Census">((cite web | title=1950 Census of Population | volume=1: Number of Inhabitants | at=Section 6, Pages 21–10 and 21–11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950 | publisher=Bureau of the Census | access-date=July 12, 2011 | year=1952 | url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/23761117v1ch06.pdf))</ref><ref name="1920_Census">((cite web | title=1920 Census of Population | at=Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21–5 through 21–7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1900, 1910, and 1920 | publisher=Bureau of the Census | access-date=July 12, 2011 | url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/41084506no553ch2.pdf))</ref><ref name="1890_Census">((cite web | title=1890 Census of the Population | at=Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890 | publisher=Department of the Interior, Census Office | access-date=July 12, 2011 | url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/41084506no553ch2.pdf))</ref>
))
The Census Bureau has also defined the town as a [[census-designated place]] with an area exactly equivalent to the town.<ref name="GR2" />

As of the [[census]] of 2000, there were 26,613 people, 8,594 households, and 6,540 families residing in the town.  The population density was ((convert|2,614.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off)).  There were 8,861 housing units at an average density of ((convert|870.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off)).  According to a 2007 Census Bureau estimate, the racial makeup of the town was 84.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 10.0% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]], 0.01% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.01% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.4% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.7% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.4% of the population.<ref name="GR2" />

There were 8,594 households, out of which 39.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.9% were non-families. 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.14.<ref name="GR2" />

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 13.9% from 18 to 24, 22.9% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.9 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.1 males.<ref name="GR2" />

The median income for a household was $159,167, and the median income for a family was $186,518. The [[per capita income]] in the town was $72,046.<ref name="ReferenceA">[[Massachusetts locations by per capita income]]</ref> About 2.4% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 2.1% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="GR2" />

==Economy==

Wellesley is home to the headquarters of many local, national and global businesses including Benchmark Senior Living, Blank Label Apparel, [[Eagle Investment Systems]], EPG Incorporated, GrandBanks Capital, [[Harvard Pilgrim Health Care]], Livingston and Haynes PC, and [[Sun Life Financial]] U.S.

===Top employers===
According to Wellesley's 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref>[https://www.wellesleyma.gov/DocumentCenter/View/13652/FY18-CAFR City of Wellesley CAFR]</ref> the top employers in the city are:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Employer
! # of employees
|-
|1
| [[Wellesley College]]
|1,103
|-
|2
| [[Sun Life Financial]]
|1,035
|-
|3
| [[Babson College]]
|800
|-
|4
| [[Harvard Pilgrim Health Care]]
|446
|-
|5
| [[Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates]]
|350
|-
|6
| [[Massachusetts Bay Community College]]
|295
|-
|7
| [[Whole Foods Market]]
|292
|-
|8
| Wellesley Country Club
|265
|-
|9
| [[Roche Bros.]]
|260
|-
|10
| [[Dana Hall School]]
|214
|}

==Arts and culture==
=== Wellesley's Wonderful Weekend ===
Each year the weekend before [[Memorial Day]], the town sponsors the annual Wellesley's Wonderful Weekend, which includes the annual veterans' parade and fireworks. On May 18, 2008, [[The Beach Boys]] performed in a concert on the Wellesley High School athletic fields in front of an estimated 10,000 town residents and fans. The funds for the performance, an estimated $250,000, were made as a gift by an anonymous donor and lifelong fan of the band.

=== Wellesley Symphony Orchestra ===
The [[Wellesley Symphony Orchestra]] presents classical, pops, and family concerts at Mass Bay Community College at its Wellesley campus.

===Religious institutions===
The town of Wellesley is home to several religious institutions. Wellesley contains two Jewish institutions including Temple Beth Elohim and the Wellesley Chabad Center. Predominantly Christian Wellesley contains many churches, including Wellesley Congregational Church, St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, St. Paul's Catholic Church, Christ Church United Methodist, Wellesley Hills Congregational Church (also known as The Hills Church), First Church of Christ, Scientist, St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church, the Metrowest Baptist Church, Milestone Wellesley, and Unitarian Universalist Society of Wellesley Hills, and Wellesley Friends Meeting (Quakers).

===Horticulture===
The Wellesley College campus includes greenhouses and the H. H. Hunnewell Arboretum. This is not to be confused with the neighboring private [[Walter Hunnewell Arboretum|H. H. Hunnewell estate]]. The [[Elm Bank Horticulture Center]] is home to the [[Massachusetts Horticultural Society]]. Although the entrance is in Wellesley, access is over a small private bridge over the Charles River, so Elm Bank is therefore in the neighboring town of Dover.

===Historic district===
The town designated Cottage Street and its nearby alleys as the historic district in its zoning plan. Most houses in this district were built around the 1860s and qualify as protected buildings certified by the town's historic commission.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.wellesleyma.gov/388/Historic-District-Commission |title= Historic District Commission |website=Town of Wellesley |publisher=Wellesleyt Historic Commission |access-date=March 12, 2023))</ref>

===Recent construction===
The town's historic 19th-century inn was demolished to make way for condominiums and mixed-use development in 2006.<ref>((Cite news |url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/wellesley/news/x1817193862 |date=March 29, 2006 |title=No rooms at the inn |newspaper=The Wellesley Townsman |first=Barbara |last=Lehmann |access-date=March 14, 2010))</ref> The Wellesley Country Club clubhouse, which is the building where the town was founded, was demolished in 2008, and a new clubhouse was built.<ref name="wickedlocal.com2" /> The town's pre-World War II high school building was torn down and replaced with a brand new high school finished in 2012.<ref>((Cite news |url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/wellesley/news/x560173421/Wellesley-High-School-project-moving-ahead |date=September 4, 2009 |title=Wellesley High School project moving ahead |newspaper=The Wellesley Townsman |first=Elana |last=Zak |access-date=March 14, 2010))</ref> The entire 1960s-style Linden Street strip-mall has been replaced by "Linden Square"—a shopping district that includes a flagship Roche Bros. supermarket, restaurants, cafes, clothing stores, along with a mixture of national chains and local shops.<ref>((Cite news |url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/wellesley/news/x1817193864 |date=March 29, 2006 |newspaper=The Wellesley Townsman |title=Design Review approves Linden Street plan |first=Rachel |last=Lebeaux |access-date=March 14, 2010))</ref>

===Library===
Wellesley opened its new Free Library building in 2003, which is part of the [[Minuteman Library Network]].  Due to the structure of budget override votes and perhaps the size of the new main branch of the library, the two branch libraries—[[Wellesley Hills Branch Library|one in Wellesley Hills]], which was purpose-built to be a branch library in the 1920s, another in Wellesley Fells—closed in the summer of 2006. The branch libraries reopened in September 2008.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/wellesley/news/x1001333809/Branch-Libraries-reopen-this-week|title=Branch Libraries reopen this week|date=September 4, 2008|newspaper=The Wellesley Townsman|access-date=March 14, 2010))</ref> The main library branch near Wellesley Square underwent a major interior renovation in 2021.<ref>((Cite web|date=2021-10-19|title=2021 Renovation - Wellesley Free Library|url=https://www.wellesleyfreelibrary.org/2021-interior-renovation/|access-date=2021-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019161723/https://www.wellesleyfreelibrary.org/2021-interior-renovation/|archive-date=October 19, 2021))</ref>

==Government==

[[Image:2004-12-19 - Wellesley (1).jpg|thumb|right|upright|Central Street in Wellesley Square, looking west]]
The town was governed through an [[open town meeting]] after it was incorporated. In 1933, citizens approved a ballot question to adopt a [[representative town meeting]] government, dividing the town into four precincts with 60 representatives each. The new form of government came into effect in 1934.<ref>((cite book |title=1932 Chap. 0202. An Act Establishing In The Town Of Wellesley Representative Town Government By Limited Town Meetings |date=1932 |publisher=Secretary of the Commonwealth |location=Boston |url=https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/items/b3a2005c-4922-4270-9167-32904cc292d5 |access-date=26 January 2024))</ref> In 2016, citizens rejected a ballot question to adopt a Selectmen-Manager government.<ref>((cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Bob |title=Wellesley votes No on Town Manager for now |url=https://theswellesleyreport.com/2016/03/wellesley-votes-no-on-town-manager-for-now/ |access-date=26 January 2024 |work=The Swellesley Report |date=15 March 2016))</ref>

Since [[Proposition 2½]] limited [[property tax]] increases to 2.5% per year in 1980, the town has had to ask residents for a number of overrides to maintain funding for certain programs. Although the main 2005 override passed, a simultaneous supplemental override to preserve certain specific programs and services failed by 17 votes. The 2006 override passed with a large majority. Wellesley also receives funding from the state government. Local roads have been repaved several times in the 1990s and 2000s.

The town is part of the [[Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Bristol and Middlesex district]].

On December 18, 2014, Wellesley College and the Town of Wellesley announced that the College's Board of Trustees had chosen the town's $35-million bid for the purchase of 46 acres of land adjacent to its campus. Under this agreement, at least 50% of the North 40 property will be preserved in perpetuity as open space. A special town meeting in January 2015 resulted in a near-unanimous vote in favor of the purchase, and in March 2015, 80 percent of residents that cast votes at the Town election, voted to approve the purchase.

===Reducing carbon footprint===

In 2009 the town established the Municipal Energy Efficiency Committee (MEEC) made up of representatives from various town departments, to develop and evaluate municipal policies to reduce energy use.

In 2010 Wellesley's Sustainable Energy Committee (SEC) was formed by Town Meeting. The committee's primary objective was a 10% town-wide reduction in Wellesley's [[carbon footprint]] and 20% reduction in carbon footprint for all municipal departments by the end of 2013. In 2014 Town Meeting voted to support a new goal of 25% reduction by 2020 using 2007 as the base year. The committee is responsible for Wellesley's adoption of the Massachusetts Stretch Building Code approved by Town Meeting effective January 2012.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.wellesleyma.gov/397/Sustainable-Energy-Committee |title=Sustainable Energy Committee: Wellesley, MA. |access-date=March 3, 2021))</ref>

In 2013, the committee organized Wellesley's Green Collaborative, a group of organizations that are concerned about environmental issues in Wellesley and beyond. Dozens of like-minded organizations are represented including the Natural Resources Commission, a five-member elected board of town residents; Wellesley Conservation Council, a private, non-profit, land trust and conservation education organization incorporated in 1958; and Sustainable Wellesley, a group of volunteers who encourage sustainability in Wellesley and the surrounding area through events, education, and action.

In 2014 the Sustainable Energy Committee served to double participation in the town's POWER TO CHOOSE program and organized the "More POWER TO CHOOSE" solar program.

===Natural resources protection===

Wellesley is the longest running Tree City USA community of any city or town in Massachusetts. Wellesley's Tree Bylaw became effective July 1, 2011, requiring property owners to protect certain trees and critical root zones during construction projects, and replace trees that are cut down or donate money to a special tree fund. The town's Natural Resource Protection (NRP) Development bylaw, approved by Town Meeting in 2013, applies to any subdivision generating five or more lots. This bylaw requires a minimum of 50% of the property be preserved as open space in exchange for reduced lot sizes without increasing density.

Established in 1979, Wellesley has a unique elected Natural Resources Commission (NRC) bearing the statutory authority and responsibility of Park Commissions, Conservation Commissions, Tree Wardens, Town Forest Committees, and Forestry and Pest Control Officers. The commission maintains Wellesley's two Community Gardens and maintains a trail network that includes 26 miles of marked trails interconnecting open spaces and conservation lands for walking, dog walking, jogging, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and more.

In 2001 the commission, in collaboration with the Health, Public Works and School department, developed a pesticide awareness program resulting in an Organic Pest Management Policy governing pesticide use on all town-owned property.

In 2003 the commission created the Preservation Master Plan for [[Fuller Brook Park]] in collaboration with Wellesley's Department of Public Works. This major restoration project was completed in 2017. In 2009, the commission launched the Green Wellesley Campaign advocating for sustainability by raising awareness and promoting increased environmental action. That campaign has been renamed the Grow Green Wellesley initiative, which promotes earth-friendly lawn and landscaping practices.

==Education==
[[Image:Wellesley College Tower Court.jpg|thumb|right|Residence halls at [[Wellesley College]]]]

On the [[Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System]] test, the district regularly scores higher than the state average.<ref>((cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/special/education/mcas/scores07/results/wellesley.htm|title=2007 MCAS Results – Wellesley Public Schools |work=The Boston Globe|access-date=March 14, 2010|year=2007))</ref><ref>((cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/special/education/mcas/scores08/results/wellesley.htm|title=2008 MCAS Results – Wellesley Public Schools |work=The Boston Globe|access-date=March 14, 2010|date=September 23, 2008))</ref><ref>((cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/special/education/mcas/scores09/results/wellesley.htm|title=2009 MCAS Results – Wellesley Public Schools|work=The Boston Globe|access-date=March 14, 2010|date=September 14, 2009))</ref> The school system also contains a middle school and seven elementary schools (Bates, Upham, Schofield, Fiske, Hardy, Hunnewell, and Sprague). Wellesley includes a primary and secondary school which are Wellesley Middle School (also known as Wellesley Junior High) and [[Wellesley High School]], respectively; and are the home of the Raiders. ((citation needed|date=January 2018)) 

The town contains a private elementary school, Tenacre Country Day School, one private Catholic elementary school (St. John the Evangelist) and a preparatory school for girls, [[Dana Hall School]]. Also, the Wellesley [[A Better Chance]] outfit started in the early 1970s brings promising young women from underserved areas into town to attend Wellesley High School and live nearby.<ref>((cite web | url=http://theswellesleyreport.com/2012/11/wellesley-a-better-chance-celebrates-40-years-of-helping-young-women-thrive | title=Wellesley a Better Chance celebrates 40 years of helping young women thrive | date=November 5, 2012 ))</ref>

Wellesley also contains the main campus of three colleges: [[Wellesley College]], a women's liberal arts college, [[Massachusetts Bay Community College]], a two-year public college, and [[Babson College|Babson]], a business college.

===Green Schools===

Wellesley Green Schools was established in 2006. The No Idling Campaign received an Excellence in Energy and Environmental Education Award from the state of Massachusetts in 2014.

The town's new high school opened in February 2012 and includes such elements as green vegetated roof, [[geothermal heat pump]] and [[Solar thermal cooling]], Solar [[Photovoltaic system]], and rainwater recovery systems.

===Media===
Events of significance to members of the Wellesley community are recorded in two local news publications: ''[[The Wellesley Townsman]]''<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.wellesleyfreelibrary.org/research/researchwellesley-townsman-newspaper/|title=The Wellesley Townsman|website=Wellesley Free Library|access-date=March 28, 2018))</ref> has been published since 1906, and ''The Swellesley Report'' since 2005. Both are available online and digitized copies of the paper-based ''Townsman'' are available from the Wellesley Free Library.

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===
[[Image:Wellesley Hills station.jpg|thumb|Commuter Rail train at Wellesley Hills]]

Wellesley has had rail service to Boston since 1833. Rail service is currently provided through Wellesley's participation in the [[MBTA]], which offers a total of 17 weekdays [[MBTA Commuter Rail|Commuter Rail]] trains inbound towards [[Boston]] and outbound towards [[Framingham]] and [[Worcester, Massachusetts|Worcester]]. Wellesley's stations are (east to west) [[Wellesley Farms (MBTA station)|Wellesley Farms]], [[Wellesley Hills (MBTA station)|Wellesley Hills]], and [[Wellesley Square (MBTA station)|Wellesley Square]]. The Wellesley Farms station is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. [[MWRTA]] bus service also runs along Walnut Street, Cedar Street, and Route 9.

The highways [[Interstate 95 in Massachusetts|Interstate 95]]/[[Massachusetts Route 128]], [[Massachusetts Route 9]], [[Massachusetts route 16]] (as [[Washington Street (Massachusetts)|Washington Street]]) and [[Massachusetts route 135]] run through Wellesley.

For elders and people with disabilities there is a specific [[Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority|MBTA]]-based service, The Ride, which offers free or low-cost door-to-door service by appointment.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.jv-theride.com/The-Ride-Guide.aspx |title=The Ride Guide |access-date=February 25, 2010))</ref>

Wellesley's Council on Aging contracts out a daily low-cost minibus service offering elderly access to several local medical facilities and the [[Woodland (MBTA station)|Woodland MBTA station]].<ref>((Cite web |url=http://wellesleyma.virtualtownhall.net/Pages/WellesleyMA_COA/transportation |title=Town of Wellesley, Massachusetts – Transportation |access-date=February 24, 2010))</ref> Further afield is the Springwell Senior Medical Escort Program / Busy Bee Transportation Service for rides to medical & non-medical services in the area. There is also a monthly minibus to the [[Natick Mall]].

===Municipal light plant===
Wellesley is serviced by the [[Wellesley Municipal Light Plant]].
the three colleges voluntarily pay a premium to purchase electricity generated by wind power.

In 2012, Wellesley was designated a Green Power Community by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.<ref>((Cite web |last=Brown |first=Deborah |date=2019-06-03 |title=Wellesley Stands Mighty with Its 36th Consecutive Tree City Designation. |url=https://theswellesleyreport.com/2019/06/wellesley-stands-mighty-with-its-36th-consecutive-tree-city-designation/ |access-date=March 3, 2021 |website=The Swellesley Report))</ref>

==Notable people==

[[File:Sylvia Plath.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Sylvia Plath]]]]
[[File:Nate Freiman on August 23, 2013.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Nate Freiman]]]]
[[File:Vladimir Nabokov 1973.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Vladimir Nabokov]]]]
[[File:Steven Tyler by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Steven Tyler]]]]
* [[Danny Ainge]], executive director of basketball operations and general manager of the [[Boston Celtics]]
* [[Ray Allen]], former player for the [[Boston Celtics]]
* [[Emily Greene Balch]], [[Nobel Peace Prize]] winner
* [[Roger Nash Baldwin]], co-founder of [[American Civil Liberties Union]]
* [[Arthur Batcheller]], U.S. radio inspector
* [[Katharine Lee Bates]], author of "America the Beautiful"<ref>((Cite book |last=Bates |first=Katharine Lee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yRmBQuA889kC |title=Yellow Clover: A Book of Remembrance |publisher=E.P. Dutton |year=1922 |location=New York |pages=viii |isbn=978-1-4255-0904-0 |access-date=January 6, 2012))</ref>
* [[Gamaliel Bradford (1863-1932)|Gamaliel Bradford]], poet, biographer
* [[Dee Brown (Jacksonville Dolphins)|Dee Brown]], former basketball player for the Boston Celtics
* [[Laurence E. Bunker]], United States Army colonel, aide to [[Douglas MacArthur|Gen. Douglas MacArthur]], leader within the [[John Birch Society]]
* [[R. Nicholas Burns]], former U.S. Under Secretary of State, Ambassador to NATO and to Greece, and State Department spokesman
* [[Karl E. Case]], developer of the [[Case–Shiller index]]
* [[Dan Chiasson]], poet and New Yorker critic
* [[Gene Clapp]], Olympic silver medalist men's eight
* [[Katharine Coman]], historian, professor of economics and sociology, author
* [[Greg Comella]], former professional football player with the New York Giants, Titans, Texans and Buccaneers
* [[Jane Curtin]], comedian, original cast member of ''[[Saturday Night Live]]''
* [[Richard Darman]], economist, former head of the [[Office of Management and Budget]]
* [[Erik Davis (baseball)|Erik Davis]], former pitcher for the Washington Nationals
* [[Blake Dietrick]], WNBA basketball player with the [[Seattle Storm]] and former standout with the [[Princeton Tigers women's basketball|Princeton Tigers]]
* [[Dennis Eckersley]], former pitcher for the [[Oakland A's]]
* [[Carl Everett]], former [[center fielder]] for the [[Boston Red Sox]]
* [[Nicole Freedman]] (born 1972), Olympic cyclist
* [[Nate Freiman]] (born 1986), first baseman for the [[Oakland Athletics]]
* [[Wendell Arthur Garrity Jr.]], U.S. District Court judge 
* [[Curt Gowdy]], sports commentator
* [[Michael S. Greco]], president of American, Massachusetts, and New England bar associations
* [[Lester Grinspoon]], psychiatrist, professor, and drug policy reform advocate 
* [[Ariulf Eric Hampe]], German electrical and aeronautical engineer <ref>((cite web | url=https://eu.wickedlocal.com/story/wellesley-townsman/2009/06/10/ariulf-eric-hampe/40731289007/ | title=Ariulf Eric Hampe ))</ref>
* [[Gordon Hayward]], [[small forward]] for the [[Boston Celtics]]
* [[H. H. Hunnewell]] (1810-1902), railroad financier and horticulturist
* [[Andrea Jung]], CEO of Avon Products
* [[Phil Laak]], professional [[poker]] player, winner of 2004 [[World Poker Tour]]
* [[Christopher Leggett]], film producer
* [[Xihong Lin]], Department of Biostatistics chair at the Harvard School of Public Health 
* [[Gregory Mankiw]], Harvard economics professor
* [[Daisuke Matsuzaka]], former pitcher for the Boston Red Sox
* [[Fred McLafferty]], professor, analytical chemist, author, inventor, leading developer of [[mass spectrometry]]
* [[Drew Meekins]], figure skater
* [[Ossian Everett Mills]], founder of [[Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia]] fraternity
* [[Brian Moynihan]], CEO of Bank of America
* [[Bill Mueller]], former [[third baseman]] for the Boston Red Sox
* [[Joseph E. Murray]], surgeon, winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine, 1990
* [[Vladimir Nabokov]], Russian-American author
* [[Joe Nash]], retired NFL player for the Seattle Seahawks
* [[Sylvia Plath]], poet and author, ''[[The Bell Jar]]''
* [[Richard Preston]] and [[Douglas Preston]], best-selling authors
* [[Aneesh Raman]], former presidential speechwriter at the [[White House]] and [[CNN]] Middle East Correspondent
* [[Edward Thomas Ryan]], president, [[American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene]]; professor, Harvard University
* [[James D. St. Clair|James St. Clair]], defense lawyer for [[Richard Nixon]] during [[Watergate scandal|Watergate]]
* [[Jack Sanford]], former [[MLB]] pitcher, 1957 [[MLB Rookie of the Year Award]] recipient
* [[Billy Squier]], rock musician
* [[Brad Stevens]], head coach of the Boston Celtics
* [[Biz Stone]], Twitter co-founder
* [[Steven Tyler]], rock musician, lived in Wellesley during the late 1990s and early 2000s
* [[Michael von Clemm]], banker, anthropologist and founder of [[Canary Wharf]]
* [[Rasheed Wallace]], retired professional basketball player
* [[Greg Yaitanes]], Emmy Award-winning film director, writer, actor
* [[Eddie Yost]], baseball player and coach<ref>[http://sabr.org/bioproj/person/27ab6dec Eddie Yost at SABR Baseball Biography Project]</ref>

==References==
((Reflist|2))

==External links==
((wikivoyage|Wellesley|Wellesley, Massachusetts))
((Commons category|Wellesley, Massachusetts))
((Wikisource1911Enc|Wellesley))
* [http://www.wellesleyma.gov/ Town of Wellesley website]

((Norfolk County, Massachusetts))
((Greater_Boston))
((Massachusetts))
((authority control))

[[Category:Wellesley, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Norfolk County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1660]]
[[Category:1660 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1881]]
[[Category:Towns in Massachusetts]]

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