Utility transport aircraft by Antonov
An-28
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Antonov An-28 in 2008
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Role
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Short-range airliner, Utility transport Type of aircraft
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Manufacturer
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WSK PZL Mielec
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Design group
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Antonov
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First flight
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September 1969
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Introduction
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1986
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Status
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Operational
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Primary user
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Aeroflot (former)
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Produced
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1975–1993
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Number built
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191
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Developed from
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Antonov An-14
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Variants
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PZL M28
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Developed into
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Antonov An-38
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The Antonov An-28 (NATO reporting name Cash) is a twin-engined light turboprop transport aircraft, developed from the Antonov An-14M. It was the winner of a competition against the Beriev Be-30, for use by Aeroflot as a short-range airliner.[1] It first flew in 1969. A total of 191 were built and 16 remain in airline service as at August 2015.[2] After a short pre-production series built by Antonov, it was licence-built in Poland by PZL-Mielec. In 1993, PZL-Mielec developed its own improved variant, the PZL M28 Skytruck.
Development
The An-28 is similar to the An-14 in many aspects, including its wing structure and twin rudders, but features an expanded fuselage and turboprop engines, in place of the An-14's piston engines. The An-28 first flew as a modified An-14 in 1969. The next preproduction model did not fly until 1975. In passenger carrying configuration, accommodation was provided for up to 15 people, in addition to the two-man crew.[3] Production was transferred to PZL-Mielec in 1978. The first Polish-built aircraft did not fly until 1984. The An-28 finally received its Soviet type certificate in 1986.
Notable accidents and incidents
- 19 October 1992
- Aeroflot Flight 302 stalled and crashed shortly after takeoff from Ust-Nem, Russia following a loss of control due to engine failure, killing 15 of 16 on board.[6]
- 29 December 1999
- Ecuato Guineana (3C-JJI) An-28 crashed into the Black Sea off İnebolu, killing all six people on board.[7]
- 23 November 2001
- ELK Airways Flight 1007, an An-28 ES-NOV operated by Enimex, struck trees and crashed about 1.5 km from the airport while attempting to land in bad weather at Kärdla Airport, Estonia. Of the 14 passengers and 3 crew on board, 2 passengers were killed.[8]
- 29 August 2002
- Vostok Aviation Company Flight 359 struck a mountain slope near Ayan, Russia after the pilot descended too soon during the approach to Ayan, killing all 16 on board.[9]
- 25 May 2005
- A chartered Maniema Union An-28, owned by Victoria Air, crashed into a mountain near Walungu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, about 30 minutes after takeoff. All of the 22 passengers and five crew members were killed.
- 3 August 2006
- A TRACEP-Congo Aviation An-28 (9Q-COM) struck a mountainside in low cloud while descending for Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing all 17 on board.[10]
- 3 April 2008
- A Blue Wing Airlines An-28 crashed upon landing near Benzdorp in Suriname. All 19 on board were killed.[11]
- 15 October 2009
- A Blue Wing Airlines An-28 overran the runway on landing at Kwamelasemoetoe Airstrip, Suriname and hit an obstacle. The aircraft was substantially damaged and four people were injured, one seriously.[12]
- 15 May 2010
- A Blue Wing Airlines An-28 crashed over the upper-marowijne district approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Poketi, Suriname. The two pilots and six passengers died.[13]
- 30 January 2012
- A TRACEP-Congo Aviation An-28 crashed while on a domestic cargo flight from Bukavu-Kamenbe Airport to Namoya Airstrip, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing three of the five crew.[14]
- 12 September 2012
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 crashed while on a domestic flight from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Palana Airport, killing ten of 14 people.[15]
- 16 July 2021
- SiLA Airlines Flight 42 force-landed and crashed upside-down in the Bakcharsky District, Tomsk Oblast, Russia after both engines failed due to icing; all 18 on board survived.[16]
- 27 February 2022
An An-28 was damaged by Russian artillery during the attack on Hostomel.[17][18]
Specifications (An-28)
Comparison of the An-14 and the An-28
Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1993–94[19]
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Capacity:
- 17 passengers or
- 1,750 kg (3,860 lb)
- Length: 13.10 m (43 ft 0 in)
- Wingspan: 22.06 m (72 ft 5 in)
- Height: 4.90 m (16 ft 1 in)
- Wing area: 39.72 m2 (427.5 sq ft)
- Airfoil: TsAGI R-II-14 (14% thickness)
- Empty weight: 3,900 kg (8,598 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 6,500 kg (14,330 lb)
- Fuel capacity: 1,960 L (430 imp gal; 520 US gal)
- Powerplant: 2 × Glushenkov TVD-10B turboprop engines, 720 kW (960 shp) each
- Propellers: 3-bladed AW-24AN, 2.80 m (9 ft 2 in) diameter
Performance
- Maximum speed: 350 km/h (220 mph, 190 kn) at 3,000 m (9,800 ft)
- Cruise speed: 335 km/h (208 mph, 181 kn) at 3,000 m (9,800 ft)
- Never exceed speed: 390 km/h (240 mph, 210 kn)
- Range: 1,365 km (848 mi, 737 nmi) (max fuel, 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) payload)
- Service ceiling: 6,000 m (20,000 ft)
- g limits: +3
- Rate of climb: 8.3 m/s (1,640 ft/min)
- Take-off run to 10.7 m (35 ft): 410 m (1,350 ft)
- Landing run from 15 m (50 ft): 315 m (1,033 ft)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antonov An-28.
Antonov aircraft
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