List of saltwater mollusc species that form a part of the molluscan fauna of South Africa
Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements The list of marine heterobranch gastropods of South Africa is a list of saltwater mollusc species that form a part of the molluscan fauna of South Africa . This list does not include the land or freshwater molluscs.
This is a sub-list of the list of marine gastropods of South Africa , which is in turn a sub-list of the list of marine molluscs of South Africa .
Heterobranchia , the heterobranchs (meaning "different-gilled snails"), is a taxonomic clade of snails and slugs , which includes marine , aquatic and terrestrial gastropod mollusks .
Heterobranchia is one of the main clades of gastropods. Currently Heterobranchia comprises three informal groups: the lower heterobranchs , the opisthobranchs and the pulmonates . (Full article... )
Heterobranchia
Architectonicidae
Variegated sundial shell Heliacus variegatus (Gmelin, 1791) (Eastern Cape to Mozambique)[1] Siphonariidae - False limpets
Ringiculidae
Ringicula turtoni Bartsch, 1915[3] Acteonidae
Acteon fortis Thiele, 1925[3]
Acteon flammeus (Gmelin, 1791)[3]
Acteon pudicus (A. Adams, 1854)[3]
Rictaxis albis (Sowerby, 1873)[3]
Japonacteon sp. [3]
Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1854)[3]
Pupa niecaensis (Barnard, 1963)[3]
Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758)[3]
Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791)[3]
Pupa suturalis (A. Adams, 1854)[3]
Pupa tessellata (Reeve, 1842)[3] Bullinidae
Bullina scabra Gmelin, 1791[3]
Bullina oblonga Sowerby, 1897[3] Hydatinidae
Cylichnidae
Cylichnella agulhasensis (Thiele, 1925)[3]
Cylichnella meridionalis (Smith, 1902)[3]
Cylichnella miniscula (Turton, 1932)[3]
Cylichnella natalensis (Barnard, 1963)[3]
Cylichnella nitens (Smith, 1872)[3]
Cylichnella smithi (Bartsch, 1915)[3]
Cylichna africana Bartsch, 1915[3]
Cylichna bistriata Tomlin, 1920[3]
Cylichna dulcis Thiele. 1925[3]
Cylichna nitens Smith, 1903[3]
Cylichna remissa Smith, 1890[3]
Cylichna tubulosa Gould, 1859[3]
Scaphander punctostriatus (Mighels. 1841)[3] Retusidae
Retusa agulhasensis Thiele, 1925[3]
Retusa natalensis Barnard, 1963[3]
Retusa sp. cf. nicobarica Thiele, 1925[3]
Retusa sp. cf. semen Thiele, 1925[3]
Retusa truncatula Bruguiere, 1792[3]
Volvulella mutabilis (Barnard, 1963)[3]
Volvulella pia (Thiele, 1925)[3]
Volvulella rostrata (A. Adams, 1854)[3] Philinidae
Gastropteridae
Aglajidae
Haminoeidae
Atys cylindrica (Heibling, 1779)[3]
Green bubble shell Haminoea alfredensis Bartsch, 1915 (Namaqualand to Eastern Cape)[1] [3]
Haminoea natalensis (Krauss, 1848) (KwaZulu-Natal)[1] [3]
Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814)[3]
Smaragdinella sieboldi A. Adams, 1864[3]
Smaragdinella calyculata (Broderip and Sowerby, 1829)[3]
Phenerophthalmus smaragdinus (Ruppell and Leuckart, 1831)[3] Runcinidae
Bullidae
Limacinidae
Cavoliniidae
Cavolinia gibbosa (Orbigny, 1836)[3]
Cavolinia globosa (Gray, 1850)[3]
Cavolinia inflexa (Lesueur, 1813)[3]
Cavolinia tridentata (Niebuhr, 1775)[3]
Clio andreae (Boas, 1886)[3]
Clio chaptalii Gray, 1850[3]
Clio cuspidata (Bosc, 1802)[3]
Clio pyramidata Linnaeus, 1767[3]
Creseis acicula (Rang, 1828)[3]
Creseis virgula (Rang, 1828)[3]
Cuvierina columnella (Rang, 1827)[3]
Diacria quadridentata (Blainville, 1821)[3]
Diacria trispinosa (Blainville, 1821)[3]
Styliola subula (Quoy and Gaimard, 1827)[3] Peraclididae
Peraclis moluccensis (Tesch, 1903)[3]
Peraclis reticulata (Orbigny, 1836)[3] Cymbuliidae
Desmopteridae
Desmopterus papilio Chun 1889[3]
Clionidae
Pneumodermatidae
Akeridae
Akera soluta (Gmelin 1791)[3] Aplysiidae
Oxynoidae
Juliidae
Volvatellidae
Ascobulla fischeri (Adams & Angas, 1864)[3]
Volvatella laguncula Sowerby, 1894[3] Placobranchidae
Elysia halimedae Macnae, 1954[3]
Elysia marginata (Pease, 1871)[3]
Elysia moebii (Bergh, 1888)[3]
Elysia livida Baba, 1955[3]
Elysia rufescens (Pease, 1871)[3]
Elysia vatae Risbec, 1928[3]
Elysia virgata (Bergh, 1888)[3]
Plant-sucking nudibranch Elysia viridis (Montagu, 1804) (Namaqualand to northern KwaZulu-Natal)[1] [3]
Plant-sucking nudibranch Elysia sp. [4] [5] This may be the same species as listed above as E. viridis . There may be question of identification.
Elysia spp. (7)[3] Limapontiidae
Caliphyllidae
Hermaeidae
Umbraculidae
Pleurobranchidae
Berthella plumula (Montagu, 1803)[3]
Berthella tupala Marcus, 1957[3]
Berthella sp. [3]
Lemon pleurobranch Berthellina citrina (Ruppell and Leuckart, 1828) (Cape Point to Mozambique)[1] [3]
Lemon pleurobranch Berthellina granulata (Krauss, 1848) [4] [5] (This may replace previous entry B. citrina )
Euselenops luniceps (Cuvier, 1817)[3]
Pleurobranchaea algoensis Thiele, 1925[3]
Pleurobranchaea brockii Bergh, 1897[3]
Pleurobranchaea melanopus Bergh, 1907[3]
Pleurobranchaea pleurobrancheana (Bergh, 1907)[3]
Dwarf warty pleurobranch Pleurobranchaea tarda Verrill, 1880[3] [4] [5]
Warty pleurobranch Pleurobranchaea bubala Marcus and Gosliner, 1984 (Cape Point to Eastern Cape)[1] [3] [4] [5]
Pleurobranchella nicobarica Thiele, 1925[3]
Mosaic pleurobranch Pleurobranchus albiguttatus (Bergh, 1905) [4] [5]
Pleurobranchus disceptus O'Donoghue, 1929[3]
Pleurobranchus inhacae Macnae, 1962[3]
Pleurobranchus moebii Vayssiere, 1898[3]
Pleurobranchus nigropunctatus (Bergh, 1907)[3]
Pleurobranchus papillosa (O'Donoghue, 1929)[3]
Pleurobranchus peroni Cuvier, 1804[3]
Pleurobranchus perrieri Vayssiere, 1896[3]
Pleurobranchus sculptata (O'Donoghue, 1929)[3]
Pleurobranchus xhosa Macnae, 1962[3]
Bathydorididae
Doridoxa benthalis Barnard, 1963[3] Dorididae
Aldisa benguelae Gosliner, 1985[3]
Three-spot nudibranch Aldisa trimaculata Gosliner, 1985[3] [4] [5]
?Alloiodoris inhacae O'Donoghue, 1929[3]
Archidoris capensis Bergh, 1907[3]
Archidoris scripta Bergh, 1907[3]
Rugby ball dorid or Spined dorid Atagema rugosa Pruvot-Fol, 1951[3] [4] [5]
Atagema gibba Pruvot-Fol, 1951[3]
Warty dorid Doris verrucosa Linnaeus, 1758 Orange river to Eastern Cape[1] [3] [4] [5]
Doris granosa (Bergh, 1907)[3]
Doris spp. (2)[3]
Doriopsis pecten (Collingwood, 1881)[3]
? Ocellate dorid Gargamella sp.1 [3] [5]
?Gargamella sp.2 [3]
Velvet dorid Jorunna tomentosa (Cuvier, 1804)[3] [5]
Dotted nudibranch Jorunna zania (Transkei to northern KwaZulu-Natal)Marcus 1976[1] [3] The following four species are listed as incertae sedis by Gosliner:[3]
Doris natalensis Krauss, 1848
Doris pseudida Bergh, 1907
Doris perplexa Bergh, 1907
Doris glabella Bergh, 1907Actinocyclidae
Chromodorididae
Saddled nudibranch Cadlina sp.1 [3] [5]
Brown-dotted nudibranch Cadlina sp.2 [3] [4] [5]
Cadlina sp.3 [3]
Cadlina sp.4[3]
Cadlinella ornatissima (Risbec, 1928)[9]
Ceratosoma cornigerum (Adams and Reeve, 1850)[3]
Inkspot nudibranch or Lipstick nudibranch Ceratosoma ingozi Gosliner, 1996[3] [4] [5]
Ceratosoma tenue Abraham, 1876[9]
Chromodoris africana Eliot 1904[3] [9]
Chromodoris albolimbata Bergh, 1907[3]
Chromodoris alderi Collingwood, 1881[3]
Polka-dot chromodorid Chromodoris annulata Eliot 1904 (Transkei to northern KwaZulu-Natal)[1] [3]
Chromodoris boucheti Rudman, 1982[9]
Chromodoris conchyliata Yonow, 1984[9]
Chromodoris euelpis Bergh, 1907[3]
Chromodoris fidelis Kelaart, 1858[9]
Chromodoris geminus Rudman, 1987[9]
Chromodoris cf. geminus [9]
Chromodoris geometrica Risbec, 1928[3] [9]
Chromodoris hamiltoni Rudman, 1977[3] [9]
Red-spotted nudibranch or Heather's nudibranch Chromodoris heatherae Gosliner, 1994[4] [5]
Chromodoris inopinata Bergh, 1905[3]
Chromodoris marginata Pease, 1860[3]
Chromodoris porcata Bergh, 1888[3]
Chromodoris tinctoria (Ruppell and Leuckart, 1828)[9]
Gaudy chromodorid Chromodoris vicina Eliot, 1904 (Central to northern KwaZulu-Natal)[1] [3]
Chromodoris spp. (7)[3]
Durvilledoris lemniscata (Quoy and Gaimard, 1832)[3]
Glossodoris atromarginata (Cuvier 1804)[3] [9]
Glossodoris cincta (Bergh, 1888)[9]
Glossodoris pallida (Ruppell and Leuckart, 1830)[9]
Glossodoris symmetricus Rudman, 1990[9]
Glossodoris undaurum Rudman, 1985[9]
Glossodoris spp. (4)[3]
Hypselodoris bullockii (Collingwood, 1881)[9]
Cape dorid Hypselodoris capensis (Barnard, 1927) (Cape Columbine to Transkei)[1] [3] [4] [5]
Hypselodoris carnea (Bergh, 1889)[3] [9]
Hypselodoris fucata Gosliner & Johnson, 1999[9]
Mottled dorid Hypselodoris infucata (Ruppell and Leuckart, 1828) (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[1] [3]
Hypselodoris maculosa (Pease, 1871)[9]
Hypselodoris maridadilus Rudman, 1977[3]
Hypselodoris rudmani Gosliner and Johnson, 1999[9]
Hypselodoris spp. (3) [3]
Hypselodoris sp. [9]
Noumea varians (Pease, 1871)[3]
Noumea purpurea Baba, 1949[3]
Protea nudibranch Noumea protea Gosliner, 1994 [3] [5]
Risbecia pulchella (Ruppell and Leuckart, 1828)[3] [9]
Thorunna horologia Rudman, 1984[3] [9] Discodorididae
Discodoris coerulescens Bergh, 1888[3]
Discodoris fragilis (Alder and Hancock, 1864)[3]
Small-spot dorid Discodoris sp.1 [3] [5]
Discodoris sp.2 [3]
Blotchy dorid Geitodoris capensis Bergh, 1907[3] [5]
Anisodoris sp. (2)[3]
Thordisa burnupi Eliot, 1910[3]
Thordisa punctifera Bergh, 1907[3]
Thordisa spp. (2)[3]
? Variable dorid Aphelodoris brunnea Bergh, 1907[5] (needs confirmation in Discodorididae)
? Chocolate-chip nudibranch Aphelodoris sp. 1 [4] [5]
? Brown-spotted nudibranch Aphelodoris sp. 2 [4] [5]
? Spiky nudibranch Aphelodoris sp.3 [4] [5]
?Sclerodoris apiculata (Alder and Hancock, 1864)[3] (needs confirmation in Discodorididae)
?Sclerodoris coriacea (Eliot, 1904)[3] (see above)
?Sclerodoris sp. [3] (see above)
?Artachaea sp, [3] (see above)
Halgerda carlsoni Rudman, 1928[9]
Halgerda dichromis Fahey and Gosliner, 1999[9]
Halgerda tessellata Bergh, 1880[9]
Halgerda toliara Fahey and Gosliner, 1999[9]
Halgerda wasinensis Eliot, 1904[3]
Halgerda formosa Bergh, 1880[3]
Halgerda punctata Farran, 1902[3]
Rostanga muscula (Abraham, 1877)[3]
Red sponge nudibranch or Orange dorid Rostanga elandsia Garovoy, Valdes & Gosliner, 2001[3] [4] [5]
Rostanga phepha Garovoy, Valdés & Gosliner, 2001Phyllidiidae
Dendrodorididae
Mandeliidae
Onchidorididae
Corambidae
Goniodorididae
Polyceridae
Crimora sp. [3]
Kalinga ornata Alder and Hancock, 1864[3]
Tasseled nudibranch Kaloplocamus ramosus (Cantraine, 1835)[3] [4] [5]
Orange-clubbed nudibranch Limacia clavigera (Muller, 1776) (Cape Columbine to Eastern Cape)[1] [3] [4] [5]
Nembrotha livingstonei Allan, 1933[3]
Nembrotha purpureolineata O'Donoghue, 1924[3]
Plocamopherus apheles (Barnard, 1927)[10]
Plocamopherus maculatus (Pease, 1860)[3]
Plocamopherus sp. [3]
Crowned nudibranch Polycera capensis Quoy and Gaimard, 1824 (Orange river to Eastern Cape)[1] [3] [4] [5]
Polycera hedgpethi Marcus, 1964[3]
Four lined nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata (Muller, 1776)[3] [4]
Polycera sp. [3] (not same as Twin crowned or Orange lined crowned)
Twin-crowned nudibranch Polycera sp.1 [4] [5]
Orange lined crowned nudibranch Polycera sp.2 [5]
Roboastra gracilis (Bergh, 1877)[3]
Roboastra luteolineata (Baba, 1936)[3]
Black nudibranch Tambja capensis (Bergh, 1907) (Cape Point to Tsitsikamma)[1] [3] [4] [5]
Tambja morosa (Bergh, 1877)[3]
Tambja sp. [3]
Thecacera pacifica (Bergh, 1883)[3]
Thecacera pennigera (Montagu, 1804)[3]
Thecacera sp. [3] Aegiridae
Gymnodorididae
Hexabranchidae
Okadaiidae
Okadaia elegans Baba 1931[3] Charcotiidae
Dotidae
Embletoniidae
Proctonotidae
Arminidae
Tritoniidae
Aranucidae
Bornellidae
Dendronotidae
Scyllaeidae
Tethydidae
Flabellinidae
Fionidae
Eubranchidae
Tergipedidae
Aeolidiidae
Facelinidae
Night sky nudibranch Amanda armata Macnae, 1954[3] [4] [5]
Caloria indica (Bergh, 1896)[3]
Black-dot nudibranch Caloria sp. 1 [3] [4] [5]
Yellow-tipped nudibranch Caloria sp. 2 [3] [4] [5]
Caloria sp. 3 [3]
Orange eyed nudibranch or White tipped nudibranch Cratena capensis Barnard, 1927 (Cape Columbine to Eastern Cape)[1] [3] [4] [5]
Cratena simba Edmunds, 1970[3]
Elegant nudibranch Cratena sp.1 [3] [5]
Cratena spp. (+3)[3]
Echinopsole fulvus Macnae, 1954[3]
Olive nudibranch Facelina olivacea Macnae, 1954[3] [5]
Facellina annulata Macnae, 1954[3]
Facellina sp. [3]
Favorinus japonicus Baba, 1949[3]
Favorinus ghanensis Edmunds, 1968[3]
Moridilla brockii (Bergh, 1888)[3]
Coral nudibranch Phyllodesmium serratum (Baba, 1949) (Cape Point to northern KwaZulu-Natal)[1] [3]
Coral nudibranch Phyllodesmium horridum (Macnae, 1954) [4] [5] (this may replace previous entry P. serratum )
Phyllodesmium hyalinum Ehrenberg, 1831[3]
Phyllodesmium sp. [9]
Pruvotfolia pselliotes (Labbe, 1923)[3]
Pteraeolidia ianthina (Angas, 1864)[9] Glaucidae
Family ?
Cavoliniidae
Onchidiidae