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The article states that glass has been used in the UK to make marijuana appear more potent. It was in fact silica beads, not glass (although this was what was reported initially) and it was mainly added to increase weight and gain more money, not to make it appear more potent. Also, it was and is common in many European countries, not only the UK. Furthermore, cannabis contamination is far more common than this article portrays: most of the hashish and much of the marijuana sold in Europe is contaminated. See this article: http://www.cannabisculture.com/articles/4907.html
If you'll go and look at the Wikipedia page for Cannabis, after citation number 75 it states that medical use of marijuana is not approved for any condition or disease in the Netherlands, while actually it is (since the first of september 2003). The Dutch Wikipedia page says so: http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marihuana#Medicinaal_gebruik .
Let me just translate the relevant part:
Since the first of september 2003 medicinal use of marijuana in the Netherlands is approved on doctor's prescription and available in pharmacies. Cannabis relieves people from conditions (Pain for example) in the following list of diseases: -list of diseases-
Canterwoodcore (talk) 22:50, 5 July 2009 (UTC)
—Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.36.17.66 (talk) 22:40, 5 July 2009 (UTC)
How Cannabis seeds are coming!
Cannabis is called in Latin cannabinus
Regions of these plants in all the shops unnd century there will be widespread since user is this plant
in industry or medical!
marihuana seeds —Preceding unsigned comment added by Cannabinus (talk • contribs) 11:55, 25 November 2009 (UTC)
((editsemiprotected)) For the price of marijuana in Vancouver, BC, the cost of 1 gram is 10$ and 70$ for a quarter ounce. The price dealers buy the marijuana is private. Although I know the dealer's price, sorry I cannot reveal this information. DuckieRawr (talk) 08:12, 21 April 2010 (UTC)
The medical uses section should be pared down to its absolute minimum and redirect to Medical cannabis. It is dense, hard to follow, and full of information that is better covered in Medical cannabis. That way it does not need to be updated twice when there are updates to be made. I suggest bullet points for common ailments to the relevant sections in Medical cannabis :-) Geodanny (talk) 01:53, 30 June 2010 (UTC)
((editsemiprotected)) Cannabis was manufactured and sold by U.S. pharmaceutical companies from the 1880s through the 1930s. For example, in a 1929-30 catalog, Parke Davis & Co. lists Cannabis, U.S.P. (American Cannabis), Fluid Extract No. 598 for $5 per pint; Cannabis, U.S.P. (East Indian Cannabis), Fluid Extract No. 106 for $36 per pint; and Cannabis (Tincture No. 14) for $3.60 per pint. Cannabis is listed as an active ingredient in Parke, Davis & Company products for cough, colic, neuralgia, cholera mordus and other medical conditions, as well as a "narcotic, analgesic, and sedative." Cannabis, U.S.P. fluid extract "is prepared from Cannabis sativa grown in America. Extensive pharmacological and clinical tests have shown that its medicinal action cannot be distinguished from that of the fluid made from imported East Indian cannabis. Introducted to the medical profession by us." [1] Yowzemz (talk) 05:34, 4 July 2010 (UTC)
http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/sbq079 Schizophrenia can be recovered from in five years in 14 percent of people, but they did a study on those with it and the usage of Cannibus.
References
Where does this plant grow these days???? The Wiki article states where it came from (Central Asia, South Asia), but I would like to know where it is these days, and what sort of environments it is capable of growing in. For example, I'm told that it grows in British Columbia but not Alberta (Alberta winters being too cold). And I saw on TV yesterday that California provides the vast majority of the marijuana for the entire United States. Specifically, does anybody know what sort of maximum altitude it has been observed growing at? Also temperature. Also highest northern and southern latitudes. I was under the impression that this is a pretty sturdy plant - sort of like the cockroach of the plant species - is this correct? Any strange places it has been found growing in? (maybe some Pacific Island, etc). Thanks in advance to anybody that has any of the answers to the above. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.143.155.51 (talk) 14:37, 13 June 2009 (UTC)
In the Taxonomy section there are several mistaken references to cannabis as an intoxicant, however this is a serious error. Cannabis is an antioxidant and contains no toxic chemicals no matter the potancy of its drug form. The euphoric "high" a user experiences is not regarded as intoxication, thus the difference in even legal phrasing, ie. DUI vs DWI driving while intoxicated (alchohol, a toxic chemical) vs driving under the influence (can be anything, wording changed to include marijuana which is not toxic) intoxicants include alchohol, cocaine, heroin, even the ingredients in tylanol.
im requesting for the sake of wikis accuracy that the wording in this section be altered
5/24/10 benson12345 please give feedback
Benson12345 (talk) 04:11, 24 May 2010 (UTC)
Please explain exactly why Cannabis is not an intoxicant? It's an exogenous compound that crosses the blood-brain-barrier and effect central receptors to cause abnormal physcoactivity? -Anderson
Intoxicant doesn't mean its toxic. Relakit (talk) 15:10, 16 July 2010 (UTC)
Orwell would be very proud! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 220.101.92.34 (talk) 03:21, 5 May 2011 (UTC)
Why is this strain mentioned at the end of the subsection on speciation? It seems irrelevant. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 169.231.34.100 (talk) 22:18, 21 September 2010 (UTC)
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.161.168.75 (talk) 17:50, 27 May 2011 (UTC)
Maybe I am confused but when I looked at the two references to this particular line they did not appear to support the sentence “and evidence could suggest that if a user experiences stress, the likeliness of getting a panic attack increases because of an increase of THC metabolites [89][90]." I noticed that reference number 89 is summarized in the first paragraph as "Sydney, Australia: The elimination of the marijuana metabolite carboxy THC is influenced by the body's reaction to stress or dieting, according to a forthcoming study in the British Journal of Pharmacology." and that reference 90 is summarized as such "Acute cannabis use can be associated with the onset of panic attacks and panic disorder, and panic disorder which develops after cannabis use is responsive to pharmacotherapy". The article referred to in 89 is talking about stress and diet increasing the levels of the carboxy THC metabolite in relation to detection times where 90 is talking specifically about the consistent and heavy use of Cannabis by those who already diagnosed with PD or PDA, they are unrelated and it seems that this is purely speculation on the writers behalf. Again maybe I am misunderstanding something.
In advance, I appreciate your response and apologize for the poor grammar my copy and pasting left in its wake.
TriXteR Phillips — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.161.168.75 (talk) 17:56, 27 May 2011 (UTC)
The link to reference 95 Low-Dose Pot Eases Pain While Keeping Mind Clear, http://www.mpp.org/news/low-dose-pot-eases-pain-while.html, is broken. I went to the MMP.org website and searched, briefly, for the title in the link address and the reference name. Is there any way to get this broken reference corrected? I would love to see the original article but I do not have the time to dig through the site to find it.
Thanks again in advance.
TriXteR Phillips
--72.161.168.75 (talk) 19:47, 27 May 2011 (UTC)
-
Here is a new chart of drug dependence potential and active/lethal dose ratio based on well-referenced data.
I think it might be appropriate for inclusion on this page. Thundermaker (talk) 15:36, 2 April 2010 (UTC)
Agreed, the other chart is nonsense. Relakit (talk) 15:09, 16 July 2010 (UTC)
This chart is interesting, but the caption is not an accurate description of the data it provides. It does not relate physical harm to dependence, it relates the ratio of active dose to lethal dose to dependence potential. This seems to be a comparison of overdose potential to dependence potential, not a measure of physical harm. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.248.194.180 (talk) 06:57, 29 December 2010 (UTC)
To follow up, I've just finished reading the cited article, and I can confirm my above suggestion. This chart is about potential for overdose, not "physical harm". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.248.194.180 (talk) 07:00, 29 December 2010 (UTC)
This chart is inaccurately captioned in the article. Lethal dose is not a measure of the physical harm that a drug causes. This should be changed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.8.162.150 (talk) 02:55, 21 July 2011 (UTC)
"The basic rule – with some specific exceptions outlined below – is, that you should not edit or delete the comments of other editors without their permission." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines
I am posting this because an editor deleted an entire section, with multiple editors' comments removed.
"It is not necessary to bring talk pages to publishing standards...".
Please follow the basic rule of not deleting "the comments of other editors without their permission."
Thank you.
Misty MH (talk) 04:00, 23 August 2011 (UTC)
Why is there no mention at all of potential addiction?
Or of addictive qualities of cannabis? of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)? of marijuana use? or of hash (hashish)?
No form of the word "addiction" appears in either the article or the Discussion. Very, very strange.
Misty MH (talk) 04:09, 23 August 2011 (UTC)
BECAUSE THERE AREN'T ANY PROVEN ADDICTIVE "qualities" OF CANNABIS! GET YOUR FACTS RIGHT?! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.19.104.193 (talk) 11:25, 13 October 2011 (UTC)
View documentary on the Marijuana Business: http://wb.vu/93 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.84.249.55 (talk) 04:33, 20 December 2011 (UTC)
The side panel claims that the conservation status is "least concern". While I'm sure you sourced this from someone it is quite clearly and objectively false. The illegal status of cannabis has led to a massive loss in the genetic pool of the plant. Many of even the common cultivars from only a few decades ago are either completely gone or hybridized with no breeding quality stock left. Pure landrace breeding material is very scarce 97.91.179.137 (talk) 08:07, 22 December 2011 (UTC)
the last line should say "one of" not on of:
Popular usage
The scientific debate regarding taxonomy has had little effect on the terminology in widespread use among cultivators and users of drug-type Cannabis. Cannabis aficionados recognize three distinct types based on such factors as morphology, native range, aroma, and subjective psychoactive characteristics. "Sativa" is the term used to describe the most widespread variety, which is usually tall, laxly branched, and found in warm lowland regions. "Indica" is used to designate shorter, bushier plants adapted to cooler climates and highland environments. "Ruderalis" is the term used to describe the short plants that grow wild in Europe and central Asia.
Breeders, seed companies, and cultivators of drug type Cannabis often describe the ancestry or gross phenotypic characteristics of cultivars by categorizing them as "pure indica," "mostly indica," "indica/sativa," "mostly sativa", or "pure sativa."
On of the most popular and potent sativas in Africa is Malawi Gold, locally known as chamba. It is internationally known for its potency and its flavor. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.21.219.6 (talk) 08:24, 30 December 2011 (UTC)
It has been suggested that Difference between Indica and Sativa be merged into this article, in the Difference between Indica and Sativa article's AfD discussion. Northamerica1000(talk) 19:51, 21 February 2012 (UTC)
Could we benefit from an article at Terminology of cannabis?
It might reduce confusion due the large number of cannabis-related articles we seem to have, and encompass discussion about sativa and indica differences
See eg precedent of Terminology of the British Isles
Laurel Bush (talk) 15:04, 23 February 2012 (UTC)
Autoflowers are very important type of cannabis with many new growers choosing to try autoflowers before or instead of photoperiod plants. I feel that it is very important that this wiki article contains both a sub section on autoflowers as well as links to the new article on autoflowering cannabis. Autoflower is a search term which is very common and im sure there are plenty of people reading this cannabis article whom are interested in growing them and would appreciate the added information — Preceding unsigned comment added by HomeGrownRx (talk • contribs) 01:18, 15 January 2012 (UTC)
What you are refering to as an autoflower is actually ruderalis which flowers like this normally crossed with an indica. The flowers these plants produce are high in cbd and very low in thc, you shouldent really grow these strains they are poor, autoflower is just a maketing term94.168.211.137 (talk) 17:52, 30 March 2012 (UTC)
"Secondary psychoactive effects, such as a facility for philosophical thinking; introspection and metacognition have been reported amongst cases of anxiety and paranoia."
The semicolon should be simply a comma. This is a gross misuse of the semicolon, and only further contributes to what is already a vast ignorance of its use by the general population. In particular, intoxicated individuals who might happen to be reading this page may be vulnerable to suggestion, and take this use as correct, and themselves in error in reading it. Dugwyler (talk) 22:30, 9 April 2012 (UTC)
This article contains two contrasting assertions regarding which of these two general varieties of cannabis contain higher levels of CBD/THC. This can be observed in the section titled "Differences between Sativa and Indica" where it is reported that Sativa has a higher ratio. Contrastingly, in the section on "Recreational Use", Indica is purported as containing the higher ratio. Please clarify whether this is simply the product of varying ratios between both strains or if one has a definitively higher ratio than the other. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.189.207.60 (talk) 06:16, 4 April 2012 (UTC)
Agreed. As far as I can tell, the current page is incorrect as indicas have higher CBD ratios. Davidfiedler (talk) 00:23, 28 June 2012 (UTC)
Agreed. The Tetrahydrocannabinol-page, Cannabis sativa-page and the Cannabis indica-page also indicate that the cannabis indica has a higher ratio of CBD/THC. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Raphey (talk • contribs) 07:07, 3 August 2012 (UTC) '
Agreed. I also wanted to correct that obvious mistake, but I won't create an account extra for that and nobody here seems to care about this semi-protected page, as nobody has corrected that error for over 5 months, although there were at least 3 people before me, who have all seen this contradiction.
It says "cannabis, like many organisms is diploid...." um aren't all organisms diploid? Tdinatale (talk) 19:59, 11 August 2009 (UTC)
It says that cannabis is an annual. Surely, this can´t be right? They grow cannabis as street trees in China, and I seriously doubt they plant new ones each year! My vote goes to "perennial shrub". --Ronja R (talk) 15:01, 29 January 2011 (UTC)
I am just a student of Botany, but I'm really sure the Order that appears on the article is wrong.
Cannabis belongs to Urticales Order and not Rosids.
Also, take a look at Spanish wikipedia article and observe the dicotomy of this problem.
Kingfacundo (talk) 00:43, 7 October 2011 (UTC)
~Stonerrz edit; 9:20 PM American Central Time, 1/4/2013~
Not only is the order incorrect, but the class and division as well.
The division is Magnoliophyta, and the class is magnoliopsida. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Stonerrz (talk • contribs) 03:23, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
I propose merging Cannabis sativa into this article, per the reasoning above and the fact that there isn't any content in C. sativa that isn't already in this article. Herbal Hi (talk) 21:35, 10 July 2009 (UTC)
-- Not sure whether this is likely to smooth or ruffle the waters. :-) -- 201.37.230.43 (talk) 20:37, 13 July 2009 (UTC)"Scientific names are to be used as page titles in all cases except the following, as determined on a case-by-case basis through discussion on the WikiProject Plants talk page:
1. Agricultural and horticultural cases in which multiple different products stem from the same species (eg. brussel sprouts, cabbage & broccoli). In such a case, a separate page with the botanical description of the entire species is preferred (eg. Brassica oleracea).
2. Plants which are economically or culturally significant enough to merit their own page, using the common name as a title, describing their use. Example: Coffee. (A) separate page(s) with the botanical description(s) of the taxa involved, using the scientific name, is preferred.
3. Where a genus is monospecific (has only a single species), the article should be named after the genus, with the species name as a redirect. If a family contains only one genus, the article should still be at the genus name, as that is more likely to be commonly recognised."
This article refers to the plan genus, not a species in particular. Therefore, it cannot be "Least Concern." hello?
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Please change
In the Punjab, Cannabis or Sukha ( ਸੁੱਖਾ ਪ੍ਰਰਸਾਦ ), "peace-giver", is the term Sikhs use to refer to it. Initiated by the tenth guru of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh, cannabis or bhang (ਭੰਗ) was used to help in meditation and was also used before battles to aid as a painkiller, growing naturally all over Punjab. Narrated by many historical and native accounts cannabis is pounded by the Sikhs, especially during religious festivals like Hola Mohalla.[43] Even today, Nihang Sikhs gather in their thousands at Anandpur, on the occasion of the festival of Hola Mohalla and display their martial skills and of course cannabis is pounded by the Nihang Sikhs. This tradition has been in place since the time of Guru Gobind Singh. Their fighting style is referred to as shastar vidiya, which is among the most intimidating and brutal martial art. The compositions from the Sri Dasam Granth are used in unison with the battle maneuvers. In modern times the Rastafari movement has embraced Cannabis as a sacrament.[128] Elders of the Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church, a religious movement founded in the United States in 1975 with no ties to either Ethiopia or the Coptic Church, consider Cannabis to be the Eucharist, claiming it as an oral tradition from Ethiopia dating back to the time of Christ.[129] Like the Rastafari, some modern Gnostic Christian sects have asserted that Cannabis is the Tree of Life.[130][131] Other organized religions founded in the 20th century that treat Cannabis as a sacrament are the THC Ministry,[132] the Way of Infinite Harmony, Cantheism,[133] the Cannabis Assembly[134] and the Church of Cognizance. Rastafari and Sikh use tend to be among the biggest consumers of modern Cannabis use.
to
In the Punjab, Cannabis or Sukha ( ਸੁੱਖਾ ), "peace-giver", is the term Sikhs use to refer to it. During the times of the 10th Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, cannabis or bhang (ਭੰਗ) was used as a painkiller, growing naturally all over Punjab. Narrated by many historical and native accounts cannabis is pounded by a small group of the Sikhs, the Nihangs, especially during religious festivals like Hola Mohalla.[43] Even today, Nihang Sikhs gather in their thousands at Anandpur, on the occasion of the festival of Hola Mohalla and display their martial skills and of course cannabis is pounded by the Nihang Sikhs. This tradition has been in place since the time of Guru Gobind Singh. Their fighting style is referred to as shastar vidiya. The compositions from the Sri Dasam Granth are used in unison with the battle maneuvers. In modern times the Rastafari movement has embraced Cannabis as a sacrament.[128] Elders of the Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church, a religious movement founded in the United States in 1975 with no ties to either Ethiopia or the Coptic Church, consider Cannabis to be the Eucharist, claiming it as an oral tradition from Ethiopia dating back to the time of Christ.[129] Like the Rastafari, some modern Gnostic Christian sects have asserted that Cannabis is the Tree of Life.[130][131] Other organized religions founded in the 20th century that treat Cannabis as a sacrament are the THC Ministry,[132] the Way of Infinite Harmony, Cantheism,[133] the Cannabis Assembly[134] and the Church of Cognizance. Rastafari use tend to be among the biggest consumers of modern Cannabis use.
96.48.157.219 (talk) 23:28, 30 August 2013 (UTC) Aug 30
Nihang sikhs make up a small percentage of Sikhs. They are the only ones who believe it is acceptable to use Cannabis. The rest of Sikhs disagree with it. It was only used as a painkiller during times of Guru Gobind Singh Jee, not to aid in meditation. All external products and devices are highly condemned in aid of meditation for Sikhs. Meditation is specifically to be done only with full concentration of the mind. There is nothing to support that shastar vidiya is the most brutal form of martial art, or that Sikhs are amongst the highest users. There is no evidence to support that it was initiated during times of the 10th Guru.
In the hemp section, hemp is misspelled. "It also is a useful source of foodstuffs (help milk, hemp seed, hemp oil) and biofuels."
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Cannabispedia - Marijuana encyclopedia 79.147.243.83 (talk) 17:58, 16 November 2013 (UTC)
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Section on medical cannabis is decidedly single-minded. Multiple sources show that long-term, heavy use of cannabis does not impart lasting cognitive damage. Example -
http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=481834
71.212.99.31 (talk) 13:34, 15 December 2013 (UTC)
The Reproduction section in the main section Description is redundant. There is a more detailed main section on Reproduction further below. Maybe someone can double-check and remove the Reproduction section from Description. Peteruetz (talk) 00:05, 8 May 2014 (UTC)
Lisa wrote that she replaced "nonsense" with sourced material. The problem is that her "sourced material" is just a hypothesis that has barely anything to be based on, except perhaps the supposed similarity of accadian Kunna-bu to Kanneh Bosem, except for a small problem: Kunna is with a Kaf and means "Can" - enabled, similar to the Hebrew "Caan" ('here', or 'standing'), and "Yickone" (to 'stand enabled') as opposed to "Qanneh" with the letter 'Quf' (sounding different from Kaf in ancient Hebrew), meaning a pipe.
Whereas I had simply written that an equivalent to the Babylonian "Smoke enabler" and Accadian "Smoke enabler" the Hebrew list of herbs used in the temple included a plant called "Smoke enabler", following the biblical command to have it a "Ketoreth" (meaning incense - smoke with a good smell). You could say that's nonsense. I would say its common incence. פשוט pashute ♫ (talk) 11:03, 12 May 2014 (UTC)
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See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Hemp_Drugs_Commission Guyinsunshine (talk) 14:38, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
Done Thanks for the suggestion - Arjayay (talk) 18:18, 9 August 2014 (UTC)
Gemma Moss died of cannabis at the age of 31. See the report in the Mail. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.220.115.130 (talk) 15:36, 12 December 2014 (UTC)
. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.220.115.130 (talk) 15:42, 12 December 2014 (UTC)
Are there really three species of Cannabis or not? Currently the article states that most taxonomy sources list it as one species. As these are WP:RS we should really follow what they say. This page is probably the most authoritive and lists 2 sub species and 2 varieties - I guess that this is the best one to follow. Also we need to decide whether or not to italicise Cannabis - as this is about a plant genus we should really do so throughout the article. It is a bit of a mess at the moment. I need to do some more edits before I'm allowed to edit it due to semi-protection but I'd like some comments before doing anything. Herbal Hi (talk) 21:03, 6 July 2009 (UTC)
GeorgeLTirebiter (talk) 02:39, 19 October 2009 (UTC)
Also, according to this paper: "Results of molecular analysis of an archaeological hemp (Cannabis saliva L.) DNA sample from North West China" by Satyesh Chandra Roy & others,
I will attempt to get a hold of the Hillig (2005) paper. Bruno.Garcia-Gonzalez (talk) 13:34, 24 February 2015 (UTC)Bruno.Garcia-Gonzalez
UPDATE.
Bruno.Garcia-Gonzalez (talk) 22:13, 25 February 2015 (UTC)
References
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Please change "likeliness" to "likelihood" -- thanks! 50.38.103.169 (talk) 04:49, 26 March 2015 (UTC) Not done You need to make it clear where you want this change made. Can you provide at least the sentance the phrase you want changing in is please. Amortias (T)(C) 20:26, 26 March 2015 (UTC)
Hi,
Do we have any reference for this information that Shri Guru Gobind Singh ji approved of using Cannabis for meditation.. I know that they had allowed it for use as a pain killer which is mentioned in second part of sentence.. Please add the reference for use for meditation approved by Guru else delete this part of the sentence.. This is matter of grave concern for followers of Sikh religion.
Testing a feature for WikiProject Cannabis. Harej (talk) 20:31, 3 June 2015 (UTC)
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In the article, the Hebrew spelling of the name for cannabis is listed as 'קַנַּבּוֹס' which reads 'qanas', not 'qanːa'boːs', which is the correct pronunciation.
However, the proper Hebrew spelling of the name is 'קנבוס'
The above statement is incorrect. The Hebrew word קַנַּבּוֹס is pronounced "qa-na-bos".
Secondly the מעלה עשן (ma'ale ashan) has absolutely no historical connection to the cannabis plant. The ma'ale ashan is a wild plant mentioned in talmudic literature that grew in Judea and causes smoke to rise directly upward. This was used in the Temple in Jerusalem to make the smoke from the incense offering rise straight up. What the authors of this page probably confused ma'ale ashan with was "qeneh-bosem" which is the fragrant plant mentioned in the Law of Moses that was used in the anointing oil for kings and priest in ancient Israel. Qeneh-bosem literally means "aromatic reed" - qeneh means reed (any reed that grows along a river bank like bamboo or papyrus) and bosem means aromatic. Qeneh-bosem sounds almost exactly like the word cannabis and the word cannabis is a Scythian word that probably originated from the Semetic nations south of Scythia who called cannabis "qeneh-bosem" because it was the "aromatic" reed. Compared to other cane and reed plants that grew along the rivers of ancient Babylon, Assyria, Lebanon, Israel, and Egypt the cannabis plant was the only one that could be considered strongly aromatic. It is hence very likely that the plant which is named "cannabis" is the same "qeneh-bosem" mentioned by the Israelites in the Hebrew Bible. Qeneh-bosem is spelled קנה–בשם in Hebrew.
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Tamara Alshater (talk) 17:22, 12 February 2016 (UTC)
@Sasata and Signedzzz: Please don't edit war, I'll start the discussion for you not. Mlpearc (open channel) 17:18, 15 February 2016 (UTC)
((cite book))
: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)I propose that Cannabis_(drug) be merged into Cannabis. I think that the content in the Cannabis_(drug) article can easily be explained in the context of Cannabis, and the Cannabis article is of a reasonable size that the merging of Cannabis_(drug) will not cause any problems as far as article size or undue weight is concerned. --Potguru (talk) 22:08, 15 May 2016 (UTC)
I agree. Time to end the proposed merge. --Potguru (talk) 03:51, 16 May 2016 (UTC)
Perhaps this is a continuation of the previous section but I believe the majority of modern botanical and taxonomic works classify sativa, indica, and ruderalis as subspecies synonyms of (or some intraspecific classification within) C. sativa.
Therefore, I have proposed moving the articles into subspecies articles (See their corresponding talk pages). I believe all of these articles should be updated to reflect this classification consensus. Although I didn't propose it just yet, Cannabis sativa could be moved to Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa. I think Cannabis should discuss both the genus and the species C. sativa as most works now state only one species, possibly with or without several subspecies, and certainly we need to retain language describing the many varieties/cultivars/strains/hybrids of types.--MCEllis (talk) 15:40, 22 March 2016 (UTC)
Quoting from the OUP Handbook: "... a characterization of groups within the genus/species in nontaxonomic terms seems most appropriate". As I understand it that would exclude the term subspecies, in favour of cultonomic classification. The ICNCP "provides two categories, 'Group' and 'cultivar' ... The implementation of a system according to the ICNCP would be useful" (capitalisation in original, emphasis added). zzz (talk) 17:04, 22 March 2016 (UTC)
I think there's general agreement among botanists that in situations like this it "would be useful" to use ICNCP names. The problem is that ICNCP names simply haven't been published for many groups, including Cannabis (ornamental plants follow ICNCP more than vegetables). And where they have been published, they can be difficult to verify if there's no registration authority (there's no registrar for Cannabis) I'm not finding any evidence that drug strains are ever formatted as ICNCP cultivars (though I am turning up some hemp strains, e.g. 'ICAR 42-118'). That's understandable, as absent a way to publish ICNCP cultivar/Group names anonymously, formally naming Cannabis cultivars may expose the author to legal action. ICNCP isn't a viable way to resolve this at present.
From what I'm seeing, treating indica as a subspecies or variety is even less popular than the alternatives (treating it as a species or lumping into sativa with no infraspecific taxa recognized). I'm OK with the status quo. It's not great from a general taxonomist/botanist's perspective, but there's a lot of specialist literature that makes a distinction between Indica and Sativa, and I think readers are likely better served by separate articles on the topics. (hmm, wondering what time I'll get stamped for my signature bah, UTC. It was 4:20 in my time zone) Plantdrew (talk) 21:20, 22 March 2016 (UTC)
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Minor edit. The taxonomy states that "Cannabis plants produce a unique family of terpeno-phenolic compounds called cannabinoids, which produce the "high" one experiences from consuming marijuana."
As only a few of the cannabinoids produce the "high", it should more accurately read "... some of which produce the high..."
See the next few sentences in the paragraph for confirmation of this fact.
Emet.kees (talk) 02:05, 25 September 2016 (UTC)
The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main chemical in cannabis, are a pressing concern for global health. Acute THC administration results in increased dopamine release and neuron activity, whereas long-term use causes blunting of the dopamine system.
http://csc.mrc.ac.uk/cannabis-blunts-brains-reward-system/
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v539/n7629/full/nature20153.html
http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_17-11-2016-10-58-27 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Abhishekh.ashok (talk • contribs) 14:54, 19 November 2016 (UTC)
The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main chemical in cannabis, are a pressing concern for global health. Acute THC administration results in increased dopamine release and neuron activity, whereas long-term use causes blunting of the dopamine system.
http://csc.mrc.ac.uk/cannabis-blunts-brains-reward-system/
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v539/n7629/full/nature20153.html
http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_17-11-2016-10-58-27 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Abhishekh.ashok (talk • contribs) 14:55, 19 November 2016 (UTC)
I didn't see topics of the three main different strands of cannabis and the effect they each have on the body.This information would give a better understanding of the reasons why it's being used both recreationally and medicinally. Espinoc226 (talk) 01:35, 26 January 2017 (UTC)
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/13/legalise-medical-cannabis-urgency
"My report shows that there is strong evidence that medical cannabis helps with chronic pain; spasticity (common, disabling and painful after stroke or brain injury and common in those suffering from multiple sclerosis, as examples); for nausea and vomiting, especially during chemotherapy; and for the management of anxiety. There is also evidence of usefulness in sleep disorders, for appetite stimulation (in HIV, for example), fibromyalgia, post-traumatic stress disorder, severe childhood epilepsies, bladder problems and even for control of some cancers. The list goes on." — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.44.68.148 (talk) 05:28, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
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Currently the title of reference 124 is missing in the article "Cannabis". Please edit the reference so as to include its title as written below.
Törjék, Ottó; Bucherna, Nándor; Kiss, Erzsébet; Homoki, Hajnalka; Finta-Korpelová, Zsuzsanna; Bócsa, Iván; Nagy, István; Heszky, László E. (2002). "Novel male-specific molecular markers (MADC5, MADC6) in hemp". Euphytica. 127 (2): 209–218. doi:10.1023/A:1020204729122. EmilyMantle (talk) 04:13, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
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Currently reference 111 (Schumann et al. 1999) missing article title. Please add this title to complete the citation. Schumann, Erika; Peil, Andreas; Weber, Wilhelm Eberhard (1999). Preliminary results of a German field trial with different hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) accessions. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 46 (4): 399–407. doi:10.1023/A:1008696018533 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Kerrigansophie (talk • contribs)
References
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Please put ((when)) after the text "within the past year" in the "Recreational use" section. 208.95.51.115 (talk) 15:06, 9 February 2017 (UTC)
The article remains confused and confusing. It's supposed to be about the botanical genus Cannabis, not about cannabis or Cannabis sativa. It needs a lot of material removed or moved to other articles. Peter coxhead (talk) 09:29, 13 February 2017 (UTC)
In the section 1.9 of this article, titled "Popular Usage" there are descriptions of the three types of cannabis. These descriptions are correct, however they are ascribed to the wrong species. It is Cannabis indica that is actually the most widespread and grows mainly in lower elevations and warmer climates and Cannabis sativa which grows mainly in higher, colder climates, not the other way around.
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There is currently a citation needed request on a claim that it originated "northwest of the Himalaya's". This is patently false. The archaeological record cannot determine the origin to any specific area as the fossil record shows it to be ubiquitous to the entire region. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02862859 AQBachler (talk) 19:34, 24 April 2018 (UTC)
Material on reproduction and the plant's sexuality was spread over two sections; I have merged it and removed overlaps. I've also separated out "Taxonomy" as a full section, as per Wikipedia:WikiProject Plants/Template. Missing sections from this template are "Distribution and habitat" – which will be short as this is supposed to be about the native distribution, which no longer exists for Cannabis, and "Cultivation" – describing how it is cultivated.
I continue to believe that some material should be merged into Cannabis (drug). Peter coxhead (talk) 06:54, 17 June 2018 (UTC)
I'm in college and for one of my classes, we are supposed to edit a Wikipedia page and see what kind of reaction we get. So I chose the section on cannabis and wanted to add under the medical section information about Cannabinoid Deficiency and how cannabis can help this issue. Below is a link to information on the subject. Feedback is clearly wanted, so any you have will be helpful. Thank you in advance. Wkelley2 Very much needed, the knowledge on cannabis exbibited here is lamentable and relies mostly on outdated 'studies' the veracity of which is unknown. There hisn't even anything here on the endocannabinoid system, which is pretty basic to understanding the whole subject I suggest. PetePassword (talk) 17:12, 21 November 2018 (UTC)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18404144 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wkelley2 (talk • contribs) 14:00, 19 September 2018 (UTC)
The entire section a) is written very badly (ie. confusingly) b) is far too detailed for the lede. Please fix it. 91.10.27.106 (talk) 03:55, 27 January 2019 (UTC)
Help Missesalahronaldo (talk) 07:56, 25 February 2019 (UTC)
It's to dengerous Missesalahronaldo (talk) 07:57, 25 February 2019 (UTC)
See https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190205090524.htm — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.15.21.214 (talk) 12:59, 8 February 2019 (UTC)
This study ends up with results anyone could of guessed- when something is first made legal, a bunch of inexperienced people make bad choices and get themselves killed. However, it shows that with the millions of people affected by legalization only around 1 extra car fatality per million persons occurred (I think? Not clearly laid out.) and that tapered off within a year. But the further conclusions then drawn, that the states who chose to give their residents more freedoms are somehow at fault for the actions of the people who live in the states who do not- that is ridiculous. It really just seems like the issue is that states who legalize marijuana need to be more prepared for the yearlong period afterwards when traffic fatalities will go up and that this country needs to end these racist and draconian marijuana laws since here is another way that they can cause people harm. Because if, like this article is positing, "cannabis tourism" is such a problem, blame the states that won't legalize it. Not the states that will and already have.
Because this article explains its statistics poorly, seems to use poorly thought out reasoning (such as, obviously studies on recreational use should not be compared to studies done on medicinal use), and draws conclusions that their data does not seem to support, this article should not be used on this Wikipedia page. Basil989 (talk) 23:12, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
Some of the early research on Cannabis medicinal was by Rafael Mechoulam. His work was seminal in elucidating structure activity relationship and work on in vivo cannabinoid receptor target Annandamide. Shjacks45 (talk) 18:31, 7 June 2019 (UTC)
Normally, plants or animals that are capable of interbreeding belong to the same species, Wikipedia says as much regarding species. For example, Neanderthals were finally allowed to join the rest of us humans because we have so many of their genes, as it turns out.
At a minimum, this article should mention that Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis all readily interbreed. If the idea that they are different species is to be included in the article, readers might appreciate some explanation as to why. I think it makes more sense just say they're subspecies, with an aside saying that sometimes they're referred to as separate species. Wikipedia says subspecies are distinguished on the basis of morphology, and these three certainly are subspecies in this sense.
By contrast, all three subspecies of cannabis can be bred to contain either high or low levels of THC. Speaking of which, I'm puzzled by the asymmetric treatment of the terms hemp and marijuana. They're just two different types (as opposed to varieties or strains or subspecies). Recently, these two types of cannabis have been legislatively defined. Commonly, marijuana, especially medical marijuana, is any cannabis strain with more than 0.3% THC. Whereas hemp is any strain with less than 0.3% THC. (Technically, it's the THCA + THC content because, in most strains, fresh leaves and buds contain very little THC; the THCA converts to THC on heating.) This new way of looking at things is useful because hemp products are being sold in all 50 states. Furtherm ore, there are now lots of strains targeting the medical marijuana market that contain relatively well-balanced proportions of THC and CBD, so it no longer makes sense to talk about 'drug' marijuana as being bred for high THC. Page Notes (talk) 21:05, 17 January 2019 (UTC)
plants or animals that are capable of interbreeding belong to the same species- if that's what the species article says, it's incorrect. (It's hard to know what that article says, since it begins with a long, rambling essay of a lead). A better answer would come from the species problem article, though even that rambles. It's safe to say that whether populations that can be induced to interbreed has little bearing on whether they are considered distinct species.
Thanks, Guettarda. I just noticed your comments - I still haven't persuaded Wikipedia to send an email when others mention me. Page Notes (talk) 02:11, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
Squirrels and bobcat/lynx (& lion and tiger to make liger) interbreed in a captive environment. However in the wild they rarely do (different mating rituals; social mores). Viability of offspring is an issue when dna not identical. Then again some marijuana strains are polyploid. Shjacks45 (talk) 21:21, 22 February 2020 (UTC)
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Under Legal Status US: Schedule I (legal recreationally in 13 states & DC; medically legal in 35 states)* Anontangie (talk) 06:22, 4 November 2020 (UTC)
On the cannabis page it talks about THC and states "the strength of which is enhanced by curing the fruits"
Firstly, and id be willing to admit I may be wrong on this one but, Im fairly certain they are "flowers" not fruits that grow on cannabis.
Secondly, "curing" does not enhance the strength of any cannabinoid in cannabis. Curing is the process by which the remaining moisture is drawn out of the dry flowers as slowly as possible in order to stabilize the structure of the final product. It also allows the remaining carbohydrates and chlorophyll etc to break down, which then produces a smoother and more flavorful smoke.
There are methods used to increase cannabinoid production while the plant is growing, for example UVB light can trigger a defense response which increases trichome production in an attempt to shield itself from the harmful rays. However, nothing post harvest can increase the amount of cannabinoids.
Poor handling post harvest on the other hand can very much decrease the cannabinoid content. And, aging + UV light will cause thc to break down into cbn (cannabinol) which will change the effects of the specific cannabinoid cocktail in a given plant, but it does not increase or "enhance" the strength.
It does make the product more likely to produce a drowsy feeling often referred to as "couch lock". This is generally considered an undesirable effect, even among recreational users. It is not the goal of, nor does it happen to any appreciable degree during the curing process, which is generally done in complete darkness.
Total cannabinoid content and ratios ultimately come down to genetics. If its a 20:1 genetic variant, itll produce 20:1 thc:cbd. If its a high thc or high cbd variant, it will produce high thc or high cbd respectively. Nothing you do while growing or post harvest can change this. You can increase cannabinoid content within certain thresholds based on growing conditions, but a low cannabinoid producing genetic is always going to produce relatively low amounts of cannabinoids.
On the flip side, I dont think the UN or government bodies/law enforcement would be too happy to find out that you could increase the cannabinoid content or potency of hemp post harvest. If I'm wrong on this one, Id love to see the data on it. Ive used cannabis for many years and more recently have experience growing it. If there is a curing method that does anything beyond making it smoke and taste better, Id like to know it.
Thanks WabbaLubbaDoo (talk) 21:22, 10 June 2021 (UTC)
Extensive genetic and genomic studies of Cannabis have been conducted in the last few years showing that the division of Cannabis into C. sativa and C. indica species isn't supported. In fact, there are 4 genetic branches of Cannabis and all commercial drug cultivars (whether "indica" or "sativa") belong to the same branch. The 4 genetic clusters are:
As the most extensive study to date explains: "Although much debated in the past, it is currently widely accepted that the genus Cannabis comprises a single species, C. sativa L."[8] Several authors, supporting the one-species system for Cannabis, recommend to classify its varieties based on the cannabinoids and terpenoids profile (Hazekamp et al., 2016; Piomelli and Russo, 2016). None of this more recent research, however, is represented in our article. In fact, it seems that none of our information about taxonomic research is newer than 2005. Nosferattus (talk) 04:14, 18 July 2021 (UTC)
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Hello , to whom it may concern
we have noticed a simple mistake on one of the wiki pages to wit "Cannabis (drug)" page
We would like this page corrected immediately! IE Changed from Cannabis(drug) to either Cannabis(plant) or removed.
to reflect a true and accurate representation.
Cannabis is NOT we repeat NOT a drug.... and therefore would like this page changed/edited to represent reality. if you would like to contact us further on this correction please do not hesitate our email is. kaneclarkfaustin@hotmail.com to clarify , our goal is to correct the untrue representation of Cannabis , You see Cannabis is NOT a drug it is actually a plant and plants in themselves are not drugs you may be thinking of Tetrahydrocannabinol which is infact a "psychoactive drug" if you would like references please contact us further on: (kaneclarkfaustin@hotmail.com) we look forward to hearing from you. To clarify we do NOT want to see any a page which references Cannabis as being a quote: drug as it is not.... Please make the appropriate changes ASAP. REFERENCE: https://ccguide.org/isitdrug.php To whom it may concern thankyou.. TheBeresford7 (talk) 09:34, 24 September 2021 (UTC)
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Is there tar in cannabis? Why? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.69.97.88 (talk) 19:42, 7 February 2022 (UTC)
ते आपल्या शरीरासाठी चांगले असते का 2409:4042:4E8A:C44E:0:0:EFCA:2313 (talk) 21:58, 23 April 2022 (UTC)
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Under recreational use, the link to "Adulterants" links to a non-existent part of the page. I think it would be better to link it to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adulterant StarryEarthworm (talk) 11:00, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
https://therooster.com/blog/cannabis-is-being-used-to-clean-up-radiation-at-places-like-chernobyl — Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.238.101.38 (talk) 04:35, 4 July 2022 (UTC)
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion:
Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 00:37, 8 October 2022 (UTC)
There is a lot of information about cannabis’ psychoactive effects throughout this article. How about we consolidate all that information into a new section, titled “psychoactive effects”? LeetToTheBeatMakeItRoar (talk) 12:07, 29 August 2022 (UTC)