Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe are haplogroups of the male Y-chromosome found in European populations.
The table below shows the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups, based on relevant studies, for various ethnic[dubious ] and other notable groups from Europe. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations shown in the first two columns; the third column gives the sample size studied; and the other columns give the percentage for each particular haplogroup (ethnic groups from the North Caucasus, although technically located in Europe, are considered in their own article where they are placed alongside populations of the South Caucasus for the purpose of conserving space).
Note: The converted frequency of Haplogroup 2, including modern haplogroups I, G and sometimes J from some old studies conducted before 2004 may lead to unsubstantial[clarification needed] frequencies below.
Population | Language[1] | n | R1b | R1a | I | E1b1b | J | G | N | T | Others | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albanians | IE (Albanian) | 51 | 17.6% | 9.8% | 19.6% | 21.57% | 23.53% | 2.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Semino2000[2] | |
Albanians (Pristina) | IE (Albanian) | 114 | 21.10% | 4.42% | 7.96% | 47.40% | 16.7% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 1.77% | Pericic2005[3] |
Albanians (Tirana) | IE (Albanian) | 30 | 13.3% | 13.3% | 16.7% | 23.3% | 20.0% | 3.3% | Bosch2006[4] | |||
Albanians (Tirana) | IE (Albanian) | 55 | 18.2% | 9.1% | 21.8% | 25.4% | 23.5% | 1.8% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Battaglia2008[5] | |
Albanians (North Macedonia) | IE (Albanian) | 64 | 18.8% | 1.6% | 17.2% | 39.1% | 22% | 1.6% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Battaglia2008[5] | |
Albanians (Tirana and North Macedonia) | IE (Albanian) | 119 | 18.50% | 5.05% | 19.33% | 32.8% | 22.70% | 1.7% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Battaglia2008[5] | |
Albanians | IE (Albanian) | 223 | 18.39% | 4.04% | 13% | 35.43% | 23.77% | 2.69% | 0 | 0.9% | 1.79% | Sarno2015[6] |
Arkhangelsk (Russia) | IE (Slavic), Uralic | 28 | 0 | 17.9% | 50.0% | 3.6% | 0 | 0% | 28.6% | 0 | 0 | Mirabal2009[7] |
Andalusians | IE (Italic) | 29 | 65.52% | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.9% | L=3.4 | Semino2000[2] | |||
Andalusians | IE (Italic) | 103 | 3.9% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Andalusians | IE (Italic) | 76 | 9.2% | 1.1% | Semino2004[9] | |||||||
Armenians | IE (Armenian) | 413 | 29.06% | 1.7% | 3.63% | 5.09% | 36.07% | 9.44% | 0.24% | 8.48% | Q=0.24% 1/413 |
Herrara2012 |
Aromuns (Dukasi, Albania) | IE (Italic) | 39 | 2.56% | 2.56% | 17.95% | 17.95% | 48.72% | 10.26% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Aromuns (Andon Poci, Albania) | IE (Italic) | 19 | 36.84% | 0.0 | 42.11% | 15.79% | 5.26% | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Aromuns (Kruševo, Macedonia) | IE (Italic) | 43 | 27.91% | 11.63% | 20.93% | 20.93% | 11.63% | 6.98% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Aromuns (Štip, Macedonia) | IE (Italic) | 65 | 23.08% | 21.54% | 16.92% | 18.46% | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Aromuns (Romania) | IE (Italic) | 42 | 23.81% | 2.38% | 19.05% | 7.14% | 33.33% | 0.0% | Bosch2006[4] | |||
Aromuns Balkan) | IE (Italic) | 208[nb 1] | 21.63% | 10.1% | 20.67% | 16.35% | 25% | 3.37% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Ashkenazi Jews | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) | 79 | 12.7% | 22.8% | 43.04% | Nebel2001[10] | ||||||
Ashkenazi Jews | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) | 442 | 4.1 | 19.7 | 38.01% | 9.7% | 0.2% | Behar2004[11] | ||||
Austrians | IE (Germanic, West) | 1,017 | 44% | 10.8% | 21.5% | 8.6% | 10.9% | 9% | [12][13][14] | |||
Bashkirs (Perm) | Turkic | 43 | 86.05% | 9.3% | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.33% | 2.33% | 0.0 | Lobov[15] | |
Basque | Basque (Basque) | 67 | 88.06 | 0.0 | 7.46% | 2.2% | 1.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Semino2000[2] | |
Basque | Basque (Basque) | 109 | 92.66% | 0.92% | 3.67% | 0.92% | Adams2008[16] | |||||
Bavarians | IE (Germanic, West) | 80 | 50.0% | 15.0% | 8.0% | 5.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Rosser2000[17] | |||
Belgians | IE (Germanic/Italic) | 92 | 63.04% | 4.0% | 2.0% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||||
Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 41 | 0.0 | 39.0% | 10.0% | 2.4% | Rosser2000[17] | |||||
Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 147 | 19.0% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 68 | 4.4% | 45.6% | 25.0% | 4.4% | 1.5% | 8.8% | Kharkov2005[18] | |||
Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 306 | 4.2% | 51.0% | 4.6% | 3.3% | 9.5% | Behar2003[19] | ||||
Bearnais | IE (Italic) | 26 | 7.7% | 3.8% | Semino2004[9] | |||||||
Bearnais | IE (Italic) | 43 | 3.7% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Bosnians (Zenica) | IE (Slavic, South) | 69 | 1.4% | 24.6% | 53.65%[nb 2] | 10.14% | 0.0 | 4.35% | Pericic2005[3] | |||
Bosniaks | IE (Slavic, South) | 85 | 4% | 15% | 49% | 13% | 12% | 4% | 4% | Marjanovcic2006 | ||
British | IE (Germanic, West) | 32 | 68.75% | 9.38% | Helgason2000[20] | |||||||
Bulgarians | IE (Slavic, South) | 127 | 11.0% | 17.3% | 27.5% | 19.7% | 18.1% | 1.6% | 0.8% | Karachanak2009[21] | ||
Bulgarians | IE (Slavic, South) | 808 | 10.7% | 17.5% | 26.6% | 22.1% | 13.9% | 4.8% | 0.5% | 1.6% | C=0.5 H=0.6 L=0.2 Q=0.4 R2a=0.1 |
Karachanak2013[22] |
Bulgarians | IE (Slavic, South) | 100 | 14.0% | 16.0% | 34.0% | 21.0% | 9.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 2.0% | H=1.0% | Begoña Martinez-Cruz2012[23] |
Bulgarians (Pomaks) | IE (Slavic, South) | 17 | 23% | - | 53% | 18% | 6% | - | - | - | Family Tree DNA - Bulgarian DNA Project.[24] | |
Catalans | IE (Italic) | 24 | 79.2% | 0.0% | 4.2% | 4.2% | 4.2% | 8.0% | Rootsi2004[8] | |||
Catalans | IE (Italic) | 33 | 6.1% | 3.6% | Semino2004[9] | |||||||
Cantabrians (Pasiegos) | IE (Italic) | 56 | 42.9% | Cruciani2004[25] | ||||||||
Chuvashes | Turkic | 79 | 3.8% | 31.6% | 11.3% | 0 | 24.2% | 0 | 27.8% | 0 | Tambets2004[26] | |
Croats (Bosnia) | IE (Slavic, South) | 90 | 2.22% | 12.22% | 73.33% | 8.90% | 2.22% | 1.11% | Battaglia2008[5] | |||
Croats (Osijek) | IE (Slavic, South) | 29 | 37.93% | 27.59% | 10.35% | 10.35% | 13.79% | Battaglia2008[5] | ||||
Croats (Bosnia), +(Osijek) | IE (Slavic, South) | 119 | 1.68% | 18.49% | 62.19% | 9.24% | 4.2% | 4.2% | Battaglia2008[5] | |||
Croats (Split) | IE (Slavic, South) | 26% | Underhill 2009 | |||||||||
Croats (Zabok, Zagreb, Delnice, Donji Miholjac, Pazin) | IE (Slavic, South) | 88 | 16% | 33% | 39% | 7% | 2% | 1% | Sarac2016[27] | |||
Croats (Dubrovnik) | IE (Slavic, South) | 179 | 5% | 13% | 63% | 6% | 7% | 2% | 2% | Sarac2016[27] | ||
Croats (Zadar) | IE (Slavic, South) | 25 | 0 | 4% | 72% | 8% | 12% | 4% | Sarac2016[27] | |||
Croats (Žumberak) | IE (Slavic, South) | 44 | 11% | 34% | 27% | 18% | 5% | 5% | Sarac2016[27] | |||
Croats | IE (Slavic, South) | 336 | 8.33% | 20.24% | 52.98% | 8.04% | 5.96% | 1.79% | 1.49% | Sarac2016[27] | ||
Croats | IE (Slavic, South) | 1100 | 7.91% | 22.1% | 44% | 10.73% | 7.37% | 2.73% | 0.64% | 0.64% | H=1.82% Q=0.73% | Mrsic2011[28] |
Croats (Central proper) | IE (Slavic, South) | 220 | 31.82% | 23.64% | 39.09% | 11.82% | 8.64% | 3.64% | Mrsic2011[28] | |||
Croats (North of north proper) | IE (Slavic, South) | 220 | 29% | 32% | Mrsic2011[28] | |||||||
Croats (Slavonia) | IE (Slavic, South) | 220 | 19% | 46% | Mrsic2011[28] | |||||||
Croats (Dalmatia) | IE (Slavic, South) | 220 | 19% | 60% | Mrsic2011[28] | |||||||
Croats (Istria and south proper) | IE (Slavic, South) | 220 | 20% | 46% | Mrsic2011[28] | |||||||
Croats | IE (Slavic, South) | 1555 | 7.52% | 21.41% | 47.33% | 10.03% | 6.82% | 2.63% | 0.45% | 0.45% | H 1.29% 20/1555 Q 0.51% 8/1555 |
Battaglia2008[5] Sarac2016[27] Mrsic2011[28] |
Croats (mainland) | IE (Slavic, South) | 189 | 38.1% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Czechs | IE (Slavic, West) | 257 | 34.2% | 18.3% | 5.8% | 4.7% | 5.1% | 1.6% | Luca2007[29] | |||
Czechs and Slovaks | IE (Slavic, West) | 45 | 35.6% | 26.7% | 2.2% | Semino2000[2] | ||||||
Czechs and Slovaks | IE (Slavic, West) | 198 | 13.6% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Danes | IE (Germanic, North) | 12 | 31.67% | 16.67% | 43.33% | Helgason2000[20] | ||||||
Danes | IE (Germanic, North) | 194 | 38.7% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Danes | IE (Germanic, North) | 35 | 2.9% | Cruciani2004[25] | ||||||||
Dutch | IE (Germanic, West) | 410 | 50.2% | 3.3% | 32.9% | 2.9% | 5.1% | 4.1% | 0.2% | Barjesteh2008[30] | ||
Dutch | IE (Germanic, West) | 2085 | 57.9% | 4.0% | 27.8% | 2.6% | 3.5% | 2.7 | 0.05% | 0.7% | A=0.1, H=0.2, L=0.05, O=0.1, Q=0.3 | Altena2020[31] |
English (Central) | IE (Germanic, West) | 215 | 61.9% | 5% | 25% | Weale2002[32] | ||||||
English | IE (Germanic, West) | 1830 | 57% | 4% | 25% | 3% | 4% | 5% | FTDNA 2016[33] | |||
Estonians | Uralic (Finnic) | 207 | 9.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% | 40.6% | Rosser2000[17] | |||||
Estonians | Uralic (Finnic) | 118 | 37.3% | Laitinen2002[34] | ||||||||
Estonians | Uralic (Finnic) | 210 | 18.6% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Finns | Uralic (Finnic) | 57 | 2.0% | 10.5% | 2.0% | 63.2% | Rosser2000[17] | |||||
Finns | Uralic (Finnic) | 38 | 0.0 | 7.9% | 28.9 | 63.2% | [26] | |||||
French | IE (Italic) | 23 | 52.2% | 0 | 17.4% | 8.7% | 4.3% | 0 | 0 | 0 | Semino2000[2] | |
French | IE (Italic) | 40 | 8.0% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||||||
Frisians | IE (Germanic, West) | 94 | 56.0% | 7.0% | 29.0% | 2.0% | 6.0% | Wilson2001[35] | ||||
Frisians | IE (Germanic, West) | 94 | 55.3% | 7.4% | 34.0% | 2.1% | 1.4% | Weale2002[32] | ||||
Gagauz (Kongaz) | Turkic | 48 | 10.4% | 12.5% | 31.3% | 16.7% | 8.3% | 10.4% | 4.2% | 6.3% | Varzari2006[36] | |
Gagauz (Etulia) | Turkic | 41 | 14.6% | 26.8% | 24.4% | 9.8% | 7.3% | 17.1% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Varzari2006[36] | |
Germans | IE (Germanic, West) | 48 | 47.9% | 8.1% | 22% | Helgason2000[20] | ||||||
Germans | IE (Germanic, West) | 16 | 50% | 16% | 22% | 6.2% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Semino2000[2] | |
Germans | IE (Germanic, West) | 1215 | 38.9% | 17.9% | 23.6% | 6.2% | 4.0% | 1.6% | 7.7 | Kayser2005[37] | ||
Germans | IE (Germanic, West) | 3,000+ | 44% | 12% | 20% | 5% | 6% | 5% | 1% | Gabel 2013[38] | ||
Greeks | IE (Greek) | 77 | 11.7% | 15.6% | 19.5% | 20.8% | 16.9% | 9.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | F=1.3% H2=1.3% K=1.3% K2=2.6% | Firasat2007[39] |
Greeks | IE (Greek) | 118 | 22.8% | 8.3% | Helgason2000[20] | |||||||
Greeks (continental) | IE (Greek) | 154 | 13% | 12% | 18% | 24% | 20% | 5% | 8% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Agrinio) | IE (Greek) | 21 | 19.05% | 4.76% | 23.81% | 9.52% | 28.57% | 4.76% | 9.52% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Ioannina) | IE (Greek) | 24 | 16.67% | 8.33% | 8.33% | 29.17% | 20.84% | 4.17% | 12.5% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Patrai) | IE (Greek) | 18 | 11.11% | 5.56% | 11.11% | 44.44% | 16.67% | 0.0% | 11.11% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Kardhitsa) | IE (Greek) | 25 | 8% | 20% | 12% | 28% | 16% | 12% | 4% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Serrai) | IE (Greek) | 25 | 12% | 8% | 36% | 24% | 16% | 4% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | |||
Greeks (Thessaloniki) | IE (Greek) | 20 | 5% | 25% | 20% | 20% | 15% | 5% | 10% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Larissa) | IE (Greek) | 21 | 19.05% | 9.52% | 14.29% | 14.29% | 28.57% | 4.76% | 9.52% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Heraklion) | IE (Greek) | 42 | 7.14% | 14.29% | 26.19% | 40.48% | 9.52% | 2.38% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | |||
Greeks (continental, Agrinio, Ioannina, Patrai, Kardhitsa, Serrai, Thessaloniki, Larissa, Heraklion) |
IE (Greek) | 350 | 12.29% | 10.29% | 17.71 | 24.29% | 22.57% | 5.71% | 7.14% | Di Giacommo 2003[40] | ||
Greeks (Nikomedeia, Lerna/Franchthi, Sesklo/Dimini) | IE (Greek) | 171 | 13.45% 23/171 |
11.11% 19/171 |
15.79% 27/171 |
31.58% 54/171 |
19.88% 34/171 |
4.68% 8/171 |
1.75 3/171 |
King2008[41] | ||
Greeks (Crete) | IE (Greek) | 193 | 17.1% 33/193 |
8.81% 17/193 |
12.95% 25/193 |
8.81% 17/193 |
38.86% 75/193 |
10.88% 21/193 |
2.07% 4/193 |
King2008[41] | ||
Greeks (Nikomedeia, Lerna/Franchthi, Sesklo/Dimini),+(Crete) | IE (Greek) | 364 | 15.38% 56/364 |
9.89%% 36/364 |
14.29% 52/364 |
19.51% 71/364 |
29.95% 109/364 |
7.97% 29/364 |
1.92% 7/364 |
King2008[41] | ||
Greeks (Peloponnese) | IE (Greek) | 36 | 47.42% 17/36 |
13.89% |
Semino2004[9] | |||||||
Greeks (Thrace) | IE (Greek) | 41 | 12.2% | 22.0% | 19.5% | 19.5% | 19.5% | 4.9% | Bosch2006[4] | |||
Greeks (North) | IE (Greek) | 96 | 14.6% 14/96 |
18.8% 18/96 |
12.5% 12/96 |
35.4% 34/96 |
5.2% 5/96 |
2.1% 2/96 |
L=1% 1/96 |
Zalloua2008[42] | ||
Greeks (South) | IE (Greek) | 46 | 19.6% 9/46 |
2.2% 1/46 |
23.9% 11/46 |
43.5% 20/46 |
6.5% 3/46 |
2.2% 1/46 |
Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Greeks (North)+(South) |
IE (Greek) | 142 | 16.2% | 13.38% | 16.2% | 38.03% | 5.63% | 2.11% | L=0.70% 1/142 |
Zalloua2008[42] | ||
Greeks (Euboea) | IE (Greek) | 96 | 9% | 10% | 11% | 20% | 28% | 9% | [43] | |||
Greeks (Corinthia) | IE (Greek) | 110 | 9% | 17% | 16% | 27% | 22% | 3% | [43] | |||
Greeks (Macedonia) | IE (Greek) | 57 | 14.0% | 12.8% | 29.8% | 22.9% | 15.9% | 1.8% | 1.8% | Battaglia 2008[5][44] | ||
Greeks (Athens) | IE (Greek) | 92 | 20% | 16% | 10% | 22% | 23% | 3% | 4% | C=1, L=1 | Battaglia 2008[5] | |
Greeks (Athens) | IE (Greek) | 132 | 15% | 6% | 27% | IJ+G=49%, K*=4% | Waelle 2001[45] | |||||
Greeks (Cyprus) | IE (Greek) | 629 | 11.13% | 4% | 4% | 23% | 41% | 13% | 3% | L=2%, H=1% | Voskarides 2016[46] | |
Gypsy/Muslim Roma (Macedonia) | IE (Indic) | 57 | 1.8% | 1.8% | 5.3% | 29.8% | 1.8% | H=59.6 | Pericic2005[3] | |||
Herzegovinians (Siroki Brijeg, Mostar) | IE (Slavic, South) | 141 | 3.55% | 12.06% | 70.92% | 8.51% | 1.42% | Pericic2005[3] | ||||
Hungarians (Hungary) | Uralic (Ugric) | 215 | 18.1% | 25.6% | 31.37% | 6.1% | 10.23% | 4.2% | 0.47% | 0.0% | H=5.12% R2=0.47% R1*=1.40% | Völgyi2008[47] |
Hungarians (Paloc) | Uralic (Ugric) | 45 | 13.3% | 60.0% | 11.1% | 8.9% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | L=2.2% | Semino2000[2] |
Hungarians (Romania) | Uralic (Ugric) | 97 | 20% | 19% | 22% | 9% | 21% | 5% | 1% | [48] | ||
Hungarians (Great Hungarian Plain) | Uralic (Ugric) | 100 | 15% | 30% | 24% | 10% | 16% | 3% | [48] | |||
Icelanders | IE (Germanic, North) | 181 | 41.44% | 23.76% | 34.25% | Helgason2000[20] | ||||||
Irish | IE (Germanic, West), IE (Celtic) | 222 | 81.53% | 0.45% | 14.86% | Helgason2000[20] | ||||||
Irish | IE (Germanic, West), IE (Celtic) | 257 | 2.0% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||||||
Italians | IE (Italic) | 50 | 62.0% | 8.0% | 10.0% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||
Italians | IE (Italic) | 2.7%[20] | 13.0%[17] | |||||||||
Italians (Calabria) | IE (Italic) | 32.4%[2] | 5.4%[8] | 23%[9] | 24.6%[9] | |||||||
Italians (Apulia) | IE (Italic) | 2.6%[8] | 13.9%[9] | 31.45%[9] | ||||||||
Italians | IE (Italic) | 884 | 39% | 3% | 11% | 14% | 18% | 12% | 2% | L=2% | Boattini2013[49] | |
Italians (Sicily) | IE (Italic) | 8.8% | 27.3% | 23.8% | Semino2004[9] | |||||||
Italians (South) | IE (Italic) | 68 | 25.00% | 2.94% | 5.88% | 25.88% | 14.71% | 2.94% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Italians (East Sicily) | IE (Italic) | 87 | 19.54% | 2.3% | 4.6% | 29.19% | 4.6% | 4.6% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Italians (West Sicily) | IE (Italic) | 125 | 27.2% | 2.4% | 11.2% | 19.2% | 12.8% | 3.2% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Italians (South) | IE (Italic) | 280 | 24.29% | 2.5% | 7.86% | 23.93% | 10.71% | 3.57% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Komi | Uralic (Finnic) | 94 | 16.0 | 33.0 | 5.3 | 35.1 | [26] | |||||
Komi (Izhemsky) | Uralic (Finnic) | 54 | 0.0 | 29.6 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 68.5 | 0.0 | Mirabal2009[7] | |
Komi (Priluzsky) | Uralic (Finnic) | 49 | 2.0 | 32.7 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 61.2 | 0.0 | Mirabal2009[7] | |
Latvians | IE (Baltic) | 114 | 39.5% | 0.9% | 42.1% | Laitinen2002[34] | ||||||
Lithuanians | IE (Baltic) | 38 | 5.0% | [17] | ||||||||
Lithuanians | IE (Baltic) | 114 | 36.0% | 0.9% | 43.0% | Laitinen2002[34] | ||||||
ethnic Macedonians | IE (Slavic, South) | 211 | 11.4% | 14.2% | 31.3% | 18% | 16% | 3.8% | 0.5% | 1.9% | L=0.5 | Noveski2010[50] |
ethnic Macedonians (Skopje) | IE (Slavic, South) | 79 | 5.1% | 15.2% | 34.2% | 24.1% | 12.7% | 5.1% | Pericic2005[3] | |||
Macedonians (Skopje) | IE (Slavic, South) | 52 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 28.8 | 23.1 | 11.5 | 3.8 | Bosch2006[4] | |||
Maltese | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) | 187 | 22.0 | 5.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | 0.0 | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Mari | Uralic (Finnic) | 111 | 2.7 | 47.7 | 8.1 | 41.4 | [26] | |||||
Mari | Uralic (Finnic) | 48 | 10.4 | 29.2 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 50.0 | Rosser2000[17] | ||||
Moldovans | IE (Italic) | 70 | 6 | 35 | 10 | I+G=37 | Stefan2001[51] | |||||
Moldavians (Carahasani) | IE (Italic) | 72 | 16.7 | 34.7 | 25.0 | 12.5 | 9.7 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | Varzari2006[36] | |
Moldavians (Sofia) | IE (Italic) | 54 | 16.7% | 20.4% | 35.2% | 13.0% | 5.6% | 1.9% | 3.7% | 1.9% | Varzari2006[36] | |
Mordvins (Erzya) | Uralic (Finnic) | 46 | 39.1% | Malaspina2003[52] | ||||||||
Mordvins (Moksha) | Uralic (Finnic) | 46 | 21.7% | Malaspina2003[52] | ||||||||
Mordvins | Uralic (Finnic) | 83 | 13.3 | 26.5 | 19.3 | 19.3 | [26] | |||||
Norwegians | IE (Germanic, North) | 906 | 24 | 25 | 42 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Q=3 | FTDNA[53] | |
Orcadians | IE (Germanic, West) | 71 | 66.0 | 19.7 | Wilson2001[35] | |||||||
Poles | IE (Slavic, West) | 16.4[2] | 56.4[2] | 17.8[8] | 4.0[9] | 1.0[9] | ||||||
Poles | IE (Slavic, West) | 93 | 13.4 | 55.9 | 16.1 | 3.2 | [26] | |||||
Poles | IE (Slavic, West) | 913 | 11.6 | 57.0 | 17.3 | 4.5 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 3.3 | Kayser2005[37] | ||
Portuguese | IE (Italic) | 303 | 5.3% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Portuguese (South) | IE (Italic) | 57 | 56.0% | 2.0% | 17.0% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||||
Portuguese (North) | IE (Italic) | 328 | 62.0 | 0 | 11.0 | Rosser2000[17] | ||||||
Romanians (Buhusi, Piatra Neamț) | IE (Italic) | 54 | 13.0 | 20.4 | 48.1 | 7.4 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Varzari2006[36] | |
Romanians | IE (Italic) | 361 | 22.2 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Romanians (Constanţa) | IE (Italic) | 31 | 16.1 | 9.7 | 41.9 | 9.7 | 6.5 | 12.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Romanians (Ploieşti) | IE (Italic) | 36 | 8.3 | 5.6 | 38.9 | 16.7 | 19.4 | 8.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Bosch2006[4] | |
Romanians | IE (Italic) | 179 | 10.1 | 20.1 | 27.9 | 19.6 | 18.4 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | Q=0.6 | Martinez-Cruz 2012[23] |
Russians | IE (Slavic, East) | 122 | 6.6 | 46.7 | 6.6 | 4.1 | 18.0 | Rosser2000[17] | ||||
Russians | IE (Slavic, East) | 61 | 21.3 | 42.6 | 13.1 | 16.4 | [26] | |||||
Russians (Kursk) | IE (Slavic, East) | 40 | 7.5 | 52.5 | 15.0 | 10.0 | 2.5 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | Mirabal2009[7] |
Russians (Northern) | IE (Slavic, East) | 380 | 6.1% | 33.4% | 14.5% | 0.3% | 1.8% | 1.3% | 41.3% | 0.0% | Balanovsky2008[54] | |
Russians (Central) | IE (Slavic, East) | 364 | 7.7% | 47.0% | 16.5% | 5.2% | 3.3% | 0.0 | 17.0% | 0.8% | Balanovsky2008[54] | |
Russians (Adygea) | IE (Slavic, East) | 78 | 24.4 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Russians (Bashkortostan) | IE (Slavic, East) | 50 | 6.0 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Russians (Belgorod region) | IE (Slavic, East) | 143 | 2.8 | 59.4 | 16.7 | Balanovsky[54] | ||||||
Russians (Cossacks) | IE (Slavic, East) | 97 | 22.7 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Russians (Kostroma region) | IE (Slavic, East) | 53 | 18.9 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Russians (North, Pinega) | IE (Slavic, East) | 127 | 4.7 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Russians (Smolensk region) | IE (Slavic, East) | 120 | 10.8 | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Ruthenians (Vojvodina) | IE (Slavic) | 44% | [55] | |||||||||
Sami (Sweden) | Uralic (Finnic) | 38 | 7.9% | 15.8% | 31.6% | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 44.7% | 0.0 | Karlsson2006[56] | |
Sami | Uralic (Finnic) | 127 | 3.9 | 11.0 | 47.2 | [26] | ||||||
Sami | Uralic (Finnic) | 31.4 | Rootsi2004[8] | |||||||||
Sardinians (Sardinia, Italy) | IE (Italic) | 22.1[2] | 42.3[8] | 5.0[9] | 12.5[9] | |||||||
Sardinians (Northern Sardinia) | IE (Italic) | 86 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 28.0 | 13.0 | 21.0 | 0.0 | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Sardinians (Southern Sardinia) | IE (Italic) | 187 | 19.0 | 1.0 | 35.0 | 11.0 | 14.0 | 0.0 | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Scots | IE (Germanic, West) | 750 | 72.53% | 8.53% | 14% | |||||||
Sephardic Jews | IE (Italic) | 78 | 29.5% | 3.9% | 11.5% | 19.2% | 28.2% | Nebel2001[10] | ||||
Serbs and South Slavs | IE (Slavic, South) | 1092 | 5% | 20% | 43% | 14% | 11% | 4% | 3% | - | Q=1% | Serb DNA Project 2016[57] |
Serbs | IE (Slavic, South) | 267 | 3% | 26% | 39% | 15% | 9% | 5% | 2% | — | Serb DNA Project 2014[58] | |
Serbs | IE (Slavic, South) | 179 | 4.5% | 14.5% | 38.5% | 17.3% | 5.6% | 2.2% | 3.3% | H=2.2, Q=1.7, L=0.6 | Mirabal,V.2010[59] | |
Serbs (Vojvodina) | IE (Slavic, South) | 185 | 10.3% | 15.1% | 35.1% | 16.2% | 11.4% | 3.2% | H=2.7 Q=1.1 others=4.9 | Veselinovic 2008[60] | ||
Serbs (Belgrade) | IE (Slavic, South) | 113 | 10.6% | 15.9% | 36.3% | 21.2% | 8% | Pericic2005[3] | ||||
Serbs (Aleksandrovac, Serbia) | IE (Slavic, South) | 85 | 1.17% | 21.1% | 41.1% | 15.2% | 9.40% | 10.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | Todorovic2013 | |
Serbs | IE (Slavic, South) | 103 | 7.8% | 20.4% | 37.9% | 18.4% | 7.8% | 5.8% | 1.9% | Regueiro2012[61] | ||
Serbs (Bosnia) | IE (Slavic, South) | 81 | 6.2% | 13.6% | 40.7% | 22.2% | 9.9% | 1.2% | 6.2% | 0.0% | Battaglia2008[5] | |
Slovaks (Vojvodina) | IE (Slavic, West) | 42% | [55] | |||||||||
Slovaks | IE (Slavic, West) | 250 | 13.2% | 38% | 27.6% | 7.2% | 3.6% | 4% | 2.4% | 0.4 | Sotak[62] | |
Slovenians | IE (Slavic, South) | 75 | 21.3% | 38.7% | 30.7% | 2.7% | 4.0% | 2.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | Battaglia2008[5] | |
Slovenian | IE (Slavic, South) | 70 | 37.1% | 7.1% | 5.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||
Slovenian | IE (Slavic, South) | 55 | 38.2% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Spanish | IE (Italic) | 126 | 68.0% | 2.0% | 10.0% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||||
Spanish | IE (Italic) | 2121 | 67.3% | 1.6% | 7.2% | 8.9% | 9.8% | 3.2% | -- | 1.3% | 0.8% | Martinez2016[63] |
Ibiza islanders | IE (Italic) | 54 | 57.4% | 0.0% | 1.9% | 7.4% | 13.0% | 16.7% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Majorca islanders | IE (Italic) | 62 | 66.1% | 0.0% | 8.1% | 6.2% | 6.2% | 1.6% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Menorca islanders | IE (Italic) | 37 | 73.0% | 2.7% | 2.7% | 18.9% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Spanish (South) | IE (Italic) | 162 | 65.0% | 2.0% | 6.0% | 9.0% | 4.0% | 0.0% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Valencians | IE (Italic) | 73 | 64.0% | 3.0% | 10.0% | 11.%0 | 1.0% | 1.0% | Zalloua2008[42] | |||
Swedes (Northern) | IE (Germanic, North) | 48 | 22.9% | 18.8% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 8.3% | Rosser2000[17] | ||||
Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 1800+ | 21% | 18% | 45% | 1% | 1% | 3% | 2% | - | Q=3 | FTDNA 2016[64] |
Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 110 | 20.0% | 17.3% | Helgason2000[20] | |||||||
Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 225 | 40% | Rootsi2004[8] | ||||||||
Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 160 | 13.1% | 24.4% | 37.5% | 1.3% | 0.0% | 14.4% | Lappalainen2008[65] | |||
Swiss | IE (German/Italic) | 606 | 55% | 4% | 16% | 7% | 6% | 9% | 0% | 0% | K=1 | Zieger 2020[66] |
Tatars | Turkic | 126 | 8.7% | 24.1% | 4.0% | 33.0% | [26] | |||||
Turks | Turkic | 523 | 16% | 7% | 5% | 11% | 33% | 11% | 4% | 2% | L=4, Q=2, C=1, R2=1, H=1, A+DE*+R*+O = 2 | Cinnioglu 2004[67] |
Turks (Istanbul) | Turkic | 81 | 15% | 9% | 10% | 12% | 27% | 7% | 2% | 4% | L=5, C=4, DE*=5 | Cinnioglu 2004 |
Turks (Bulgaria) | Turkic | 63 | 8% | 10% | 19% | 13% | 24% | 6% | 5% | H=11, Q=3 | Zaharova 2001 | |
Udmurt | Uralic (Finnic) | 87 | 2.3% | 10.35% | 1.1% | 85.06% | [26] | |||||
Ukrainians | IE (Slavic, East) | 759 | 7.9% | 43.2% | 27.2% | 7.4% | 3.8% | 3% | 5.4% | 1.3% | 0.8% | Kushniarevich2015[68] |
Ukrainians | IE (Slavic, East) | 21.9%[8] | 8.6%[9] | 7.3%[9] | ||||||||
Ukrainians | IE (Slavic, East) | 53 | 18.9% | 41.5% | 24.5% | 9.4% | 0.0% | 5.7% | 0.0% | Varzari2006[36] | ||
Welsh (Anglesey) | IE (Celtic) | 88 | 88.64% | 1.0% | 3.0% | Wilson2001[35] | ||||||
Welsh (Anglesey) | IE (Celtic) | 196 | 8.1% | Rootsi2004[8] |