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((pp-move-vandalism|small=yes))
((short description|Type of junction designed to prevent congestion of traffic))
((More citations needed|date=July 2016))
[[File:King William Street from The Monument - geograph.org.uk - 1974829.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A box junction in [[London]], pictured from atop [[Monument to the Great Fire of London|the Monument]] in 1969]]

A '''box junction''' is a [[highway|road]] [[traffic]] control measure designed to prevent congestion and [[gridlock]] at [[Junction (road)|junction]]s. The surface of the junction is typically marked with a yellow criss-cross grid of diagonal painted lines (or only two lines crossing each other in the box), and vehicles may not enter the area so marked unless their exit from the junction is clear, or they are intending to turn and are prevented from doing so by oncoming traffic, or other vehicles on the box waiting to turn.

Box junctions were introduced in the UK during 1967, following a successful trial in London.<ref name="Motor Cycle March 1967">[[The Motor Cycle (magazine)|Motor Cycle]], 23 March 1967, p.378 ''More Box Junctions''. Accessed and added 2014-06-10</ref> In both [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] and the [[United Kingdom]] (where cars [[Right- and left-hand traffic|drive on the left]]), drivers may enter the box and wait when they want to turn right and are stopped from doing so only by oncoming traffic or by other vehicles waiting to turn right.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/TravelAndTransport/Highwaycode/DG_070332|title=The Highway Code - Road junctions (170-183)|access-date=2009-08-27))</ref>

Box junctions may be painted on other areas of roadway which must be kept free of queuing traffic, such as exits from emergency vehicle depots, [[level crossing]]s and car parks.

Box junctions are most widely used in many European countries such as [[Cyprus]], [[Finland]],<ref>((cite web |url=https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-8172354 |title=Mikä ihmeen risteysruudukko? – Näin ajat uusien katumerkintöjen päällä |first=Kirsi |last=Matson-Mäkelä |publisher=Yle |date=22 July 2015 |language=fi |trans-title=What even is a box junction? Here is how you should drive over the new road surface markings))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2018/20180729 |title=Tieliikennelaki 729/2018 |date=10 August 2018 |website=Finlex |language=fi |trans-title=Road Traffic Law 729/2018))</ref> [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], [[Malta]], [[Portugal]], [[Serbia]] and the [[United Kingdom]]; in parts of the [[United States]], such as [[New York (state)|New York]] and [[Colorado]];<ref>((cite web|title=Chapter 3B - Pavement and Curb Markings|url=http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/htm/2009r1r2/part3/part3b.htm|website=Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices|publisher=[[Federal Highway Administration]]|access-date=July 30, 2016))</ref> and other countries, including [[Canada]] ((citation needed|date=July 2016)), [[Hong Kong]],<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.td.gov.hk/en/road_safety/road_users_code/index/chapter_5_for_all_drivers/traffic_light_junctions_/index.html|title=Traffic Light Junctions|publisher=Transport Department|language=en|access-date=6 May 2017|location=Hong Kong))</ref> [[Singapore]], [[Indonesia]],<ref>((Cite web |last=Nurhadi |date=2021-08-27 |title=Ini Arti dan Fungsi Yellow Box Junction di Lampu Merah |url=https://otomotif.tempo.co/read/1499338/ini-arti-dan-fungsi-yellow-box-junction-di-lampu-merah |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=Tempo |language=en))</ref> [[Malaysia]],<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2015/09/public-reminded-keep-out-yellow-box|title=Public reminded to keep out of yellow box|date=September 22, 2014|work=New Straits Times))</ref> the [[Philippines]],<ref>"13.6: 'Do Not Block Intersection' lines", ''Highway Safety Design Standards, Part 2: Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual'', Philippines: [[Department of Public Works and Highways]], p.127</ref> [[South Africa]],<ref>((cite report | date = 2012 | title = Southern African Development Community Road Traffic Signs Manual, Volume 1: Uniform Traffic Control Devices | url = https://www.sartsma.co.za/sadc-manual-v1 | publisher = National Department of Transport | edition = 3rd | location = Pretoria | chapter = Chapter 7: Road Markings | chapter-url = https://www.sartsma.co.za/_files/ugd/4f7773_c4e3f39ec22848b08d31fff846ce53ed.pdf | page = 7.2.23 | access-date = 28 March 2022))</ref> [[Taiwan]],<ref>((cite web|title=第一百七十三條 網狀線，用以告示車輛駕駛人禁止在設置本標線之範圍內臨時停 車，防止交通阻塞。其劃設規定如左|trans-title=Section 173: Crosshatched lines, used to inform the driver that no vehicles can enter in the location where there is need to stop to prevent traffic jams|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AROC2012-10-13%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E6%A8%99%E8%AA%8C%E6%A8%99%E7%B7%9A%E8%99%9F%E8%AA%8C%E8%A8%AD%E7%BD%AE%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87.pdf&page=194|website=道路交通標誌標線號誌設置規則|publisher=[[Ministry of Transportation and Communications (Taiwan)|Ministry of Transportation and Communications]]|access-date=July 30, 2016|location=Taiwan|page=190|date=October 13, 2012|via=[[Wikimedia Commons]]))</ref> [[India]]<ref>((Cite web |last=Chandrababu |first=Divya |date=October 5, 2016 |title=Corporation tries to fix traffic clogs with box junctions ((!)) Chennai News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/corporation-tries-to-fix-traffic-clogs-with-box-junctions/articleshow/54687566.cms |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=The Times of India |language=en))</ref> and [[Brazil]]((citation needed|date=July 2016))

== Unmarked equivalents==
[[File:Chile road sign RPO-17.svg|thumb|right|200px|A sign used in [[Chile]] warning motorists not to block a box junction]]
In [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]] and the [[European Union]] (excluding Ireland), road rules state that every intersection is a box: that is, the driver may not enter any intersection unless there is clear space on the other side, whether it is marked or not. In the EU this also applies to junctions with a minor road within the waiting area of a [[traffic light]] on the major road. The same rule applies at every intersection in [[Russia]].<ref>[http://www.gazu.ru/pdd/13/13.2/ Section 13.2 of traffic code]</ref>

Several [[U.S. state]]s have enacted laws intending to decrease gridlock at intersections, railroad crossings, and marked crosswalks which prohibit motorists from entering any of the three until they are certain their vehicle can clear it, as recommended by [[Uniform Vehicle Code]] section 11–1112.<ref>((cite book|title=Traffic Laws Annotated|date=1979|publisher=[[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]], National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances|location=Washington, D.C.|page=312|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f3xPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA312|access-date=11 February 2018))</ref> Examples include [[California]],<ref>[http://codes.findlaw.com/ca/vehicle-code/veh-sect-22526.html California Vehicle Code Section 22526].</ref> [[Florida]],<ref>[http://leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0300-0399/0316/Sections/0316.2061.html Fla. Stat. Section 316.2061].</ref> and [[Ohio]].<ref>[http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/4511.712 Ohio Revised Code Section 4511.712].</ref> No special road markings are used to indicate this rule, but some governments post warning signs to increase awareness of the law at problematic intersections.

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
((commons category|Box junctions))
*[http://www.driving-test-success.com/box_junc/box_junc.html How To Use Box Junctions Video Tutorial]
*[http://www.2pass.co.uk/boxjunction.htm 2pass.co.uk tutorial.  With narration.]

((Road junction types))

[[Category:Road junction types]]
[[Category:Road surface markings]]

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