Diocese of Viterbo

Dioecesis Viterbiensis
Viterbo Cathedral, Viterbo
Location
CountryItaly
Ecclesiastical provinceImmediately exempt to the Holy See
Statistics
Area2,161 km2 (834 sq mi)
Population
- Total
- Catholics		(as of 2014)
181,116
174,400 (est.) (96.3%)
Parishes96
Information
DenominationCatholic Church
Sui iuris churchLatin Church
RiteRoman Rite
Established6th century
CathedralBasilica Cattedrale di S. Lorenzo Martire (Viterbo)
Co-cathedralBasilica Cattedrale del S. Sepolcro (Acquapendente)
Basilica di S. Maria Maggiore (Tuscania)
Concattedrale di S. Nicola (Bagnoregio)
Secular priests112 (diocesan)
61 (religious Orders)
Current leadership
PopeFrancis
BishopLino Fumagalli
Website
www.webdiocesi.chiesacattolica.it

The Diocese of Viterbo (Latin: Dioecesis Viterbiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in central Italy. From the 12th century, the official name of the diocese was the Diocese of Viterbo e Tuscania. In 1986, several dioceses were combined, and the title was changed to "Diocese of Viterbo, Acquapendente, Bagnoregio, Montefiascone, Tuscania and San Martino al Monte Cimino"; in 1991 the name was shortened to "Diocese of Viterbo".[1][2]

The diocese has always been exempt, immediately subject to the Holy See, not belonging to any ecclesiastical province. The diocesan cathedral is the Cattedrale di San Lorenzo, in the episcopal see of Viterbo.

History

The name of Viterbo occurs for the first time in the 8th century, under Pope Zachary, when it was a village tributary to Toscanella, in Lombard Tuscany (Tuscia Langobardorum) on the Via Cassia. Charlemagne gave the pope all this Tuscan territory in feudal tenure, the imperial authority over it being still represented by a sculdascio (feudal sheriff) and later by a count.

Toscanella

Bishop Maurus is the first known bishop (649) of Toscanella. Among the successors of Maurus was Virbonus,[3] to whom Pope Leo IV addressed a bull on 23 February 852, determining the boundaries of the diocese.[4] In 876, Bishop Joannes was one of the legates of Pope John VIII at the council of Pontigny, and carried the imperial insignia to Charles the Bald.[5]

During the tenth century Toscanella was for some time under the Bishop of Centumcellae. The succession of its bishops recommences with Joannes (1027); another Joannes distinguished himself in the reform of Benedict (1049) and brought back the clergy of Tuscania to the common life. Gilbert (1059) and Giselbert (1080) were also promoters of reform. Bishop Richard (1086–1093),[6] however, adhered to the party of Frederick Barbarossa's antipope Clement III, who, in 1193, united Toscanella with Centumcellae and the see of Blera.[7]

Viterbo

In 1192 Pope Celestine III made it the diocese of Viterbo, on territory split off from the diocese of Tuscanella, but jointly held (aeque personaliter) with that see until 1913. The episcopal seat was transferred from Toscanella to Viterbo.

Viterbo was notorious as a center of heresy. During the episcopate of Bishop Raynerius (c.1200), the Paterini, who practiced a form of gnostic manicheanism, first appear in Viterbo. Pope Innocent III came to Viterbo personally in June 1207, and engaged in the search for Paterini and their sympathizers, most of whom had fled.[8] They were active, however, throughout the 13th century, and were still found there in 1304.[9]

In the fourteenth century the clergy of Toscanella repeatedly refused to recognize the bishop elected by the chapter of Viterbo, so that Pope Clement V (1312) reserved to the Holy See the right of appointment.[10]

The episcopal palace was completed in 1267, under the auspices of Raynerius Gatti, Captain of the People of Viterbo for the third time.[11] The papal election of 1268–1271, the longest in papal history, took place in the episcopal palace in Viterbo. The experience led directly to the forming of the first rules for holding a papal conclave.

The territory of the diocese was stricken by a major earthquake on 28 May 1320.[12]

In 1353, Cardinal Albornoz, who was appointed Legatus a latere and Vicar in spiritualities and temporalities for all the lands in Italy subject to the dominion of the Church, came to effect the reconquest of the Papal States. He invested Viterbo with a siege, beginning in May 1354. On 23 June, Viterbo submitted, and built a fortress (Rocca) for the governor of the Patrimony.[13] In 1367, during the sojourn of Pope Urban V at Viterbo,[14] a quarrel between the populace and the retinue of one of the cardinals developed into a general uprising, which Cardinal Marcus of Viterbo, who had arrived at the papal court from Genoa on 8 September, quickly put down.[15] The incident is reported in great detail by Pope Urban V himself, in the bull "Pii Patris" of 1 December 1367, in which he lifted the censures imposed upon Viterbo because of the incident.[16]

On 31 August 1369, the diocese lost territory when Pope Urban V established the Diocese of Montefiascone.[17]

In 1375 Francesco di Vico took possession of the city, which joined in the general revolt against papal rule, but quickly submitted. When the Western Schism arose, Vico's tyranny recommenced; he took the side of Pope Clement VII and sustained a siege by Cardinal Orsini. The people rose and killed him (8 May 1387), and Viterbo returned to the obedience of Pope Urban VI. But in 1391 Gian Sciarra di Vico reentered the city and took possession of its government. In 1391 Cardinal Pileo, the papal legate of Clement VII, would have given the city over to Pope Boniface IX, but his plan failed, and he fled, so Vico came to an understanding with Boniface.

On 5 December 1435, the city of Corneto was separated from the Diocese of Viterbo and erected as the Diocese of Corneto by Pope Eugenius IV, and joined with the then recently erected Diocese of Montefiascone.[18]

After a century of trouble, peace was not re-established until 1503, when the government of Viterbo was subsequently assigned to a cardinal legate, rather than to the governor of the Patrimony. One of its cardinal legates was Reginald Pole, around whom there grew up at Viterbo a coterie of friends, Vittoria Colonna among them (from 1541 to 1547), who aroused suspicions of heterodoxy.[19] After 1628 Viterbo was the residence again of a simple governor.

On 2 May 1936 the diocese of Viterbo e Toscanella gained territory from the suppressed Territorial Abbacy of San Martino al Monte Cimino.[20]

Restructuring

The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), in order to ensure that all Catholics received proper spiritual attention, decreed the reorganization of the diocesan structure of Italy and the consolidation of small and struggling dioceses. It also recommended the abolition of anomalous units such as exempt territorial prelatures.[21] These considerations applied to Viterbo and the other dioceses governed by its bishop.

On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat. Based on the revisions, a set of Normae was issued on 15 November 1984, which was accompanied in the next year, on 3 June 1985, by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese.

By 1986, papal policy in the selection of bishops had concentrated in the person of Bishop Luigi Boccadoro the Diocese of Viterbo e Tuscania, the diocese of Acquapendente (since 1951), the diocese of Montefiascone (since 1951), and the Administratorship of the diocese of Bagnoregio (since 1971); he was also the Abbot Commendatory of Monte Cimino. On 27 March 1986, by the bull "Qui Non Sine", Pope John Paul II moved to consolidate these several small dioceses by suppressing them and uniting their territories[22] into the diocese of Viterbo e Tuscania, whose name was changed to the Diocese of Viterbo. There was to be only one cathedral, in Viterbo. The cathedrals in Acquapendente, Montefiascone and Bagnoregio were to become co-cathedrals, and the cathedral Chapters were each to be a Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one diocesan Tribunal, in Viterbo, and likewise one seminary (the regional papal seminary), one College of Consultors, and one Priests' Council. All the priests of all the dioceses were to be incardinated in the diocese of Viterbo.[23]

Diocesan synods

The Fourth Lateran Council (1216) decreed that provincial synods should be held annually in each ecclesiastical province, and that each diocese should hold annual diocesan synods.[24]

A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.[25]

Bishop Angelo Tignosi (1318–1343) held a diocesan synod at Corneto on 16 May 1320, and another three years later in Viterbo.[26]

Cardinal Tiberio Muti (1611–1636) presided over a diocesan synod, his second, in Viterbo on 18–19 January 1624; its acts were published.[27] Cardinal Francesco Maria Brancaccio held a diocesan synod in Viterbo on 18 September 1639, and had the acts of the synod published.[28] Brancaccio held another synod on 21 November 1649, and published the acts.[29] A diocesan synod was held in the cathedral of Viterbo by Cardinal Urbano Sacchetti (1683–1701) on 24–25 May 1694; its acts were published.[30]

Bishops

Diocese of Viterbo e Tuscania

United: 12th Century with the Diocese of Tuscanella
Latin Name: Viterbiensis et Tuscanensis
Immediately Subject to the Holy See

1192 to 1400

1400 to 1600

Cardinal Niccolò Ridolfi (1532–1533 Resigned) Administrator[55]
Sede vacante (1538–1548)
Cardinal Niccolò Ridolfi (1538–1548 Resigned) Administrator[57]

1600 to 1800

since 1800

Diocese of Viterbo, Acquapendente, Bagnoregio, Montefiascone, Tuscania e San Martino al Monte Cimino

United: 27 March 1986 with the dioceses of Acquapendente, Bagnoregio, and Montefiascone Immediately Subject to the Holy See

Diocese of Viterbo

16 February 1991: Name Changed

Territorial abbacy of San Martino al Monte Cimino

This Benedictine territorial abbey[82] (i.e. exerting diocesan authority, rather than being subject to a bishop of a diocese) was established as such in 1300.[83] In 1927, San Martino al Monte Cimino had been given to Bishop Trenta of Viterbo as administrator. Then the right of patronage over the abbey was renounced by Prince Doria Pamphili. On 2 May 1936, Pope Pius XI issued a bull, suppressing the territorial abbey as an autonomous prelature, and united it to the diocese of Viterbo and Tuscania. The bishop of Viterbo was to enjoy the additional title of Abbot of San Martino al Monte Cimino. The Vicar General of the diocese of Viterbo was also to be the Vicar General of the abbey, and a Vicar Capitular (elected to administer the diocese during an episcopal vacancy) would also be administrator of the abbey.[84]

References

  1. ^ "Diocese of Viterbo" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 2, 2017.[self-published source]
  2. ^ "Diocese of Viterbo" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016.[self-published source]
  3. ^ Gaetano Moroni (1856). Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica (in Italian). Vol. LXXVIII (78). Venezia: dalla Tipografia Emiliana. pp. 299–300.
  4. ^ Cappelletti VI, pp. 80-87. The "praedia ipsius castri Viterbii" is specified at p. 83.
  5. ^ Moroni, p. 300, column 2. Cappelletti, p. 88. The legateship is mentioned in a letter of Pope John VIII of 17 February 876: J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima editio, editio novissima, Tomus XVII (Venice: A. Zatta 1772), p. 233. Jaffe-Lowenfeld, Regesta Pontificum Romanorum I, p. 387, no. 3037.
  6. ^ Gams, p. 737, column 1.
  7. ^ Pinzi (1887). Storia della città di Viterbo. Vol. I. pp. 202–212.
  8. ^ William Harris Rule (1874). History of the Inquisition from Its Establishment in the Twelfth Century to Its Extinction in the Nineteenth. Vol. I. London: Hamilton. pp. 22–25. Joseph Clayton (2016). Pope Innocent III and His Times. Mediatrix (originally Bruce Co.). pp. 77–78. ISBN 978-1-365-37307-7. (reprint of 1941 edition)
  9. ^ Ignazio Ciampi (1872). Cronache e statuti della città di Viterbo. Documenti di storia Italiana, Tomo V (in Latin and Italian). Firenze: M. Cellini. pp. 325–327. ISBN 9788827116081. Giuseppe Signorelli (1907). Viterbo nella storia della Chiesa (in Italian). Vol. primo. Viterbo: Tipografia Cionfi. pp. 157–162.
  10. ^ Umberto Benigni, "Diocese of Viterbo and Toscanella." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
  11. ^ Marocco, pp. 83-84.
  12. ^ Mario Baratta, I terramoti d'Italia (in Italian) (Torino: Fratelli Bocca 1901), p. 46, no. 214. Cappelletti VI, pp. 131-134.
  13. ^ Cesare Pinzi (1899). Storia della città di Viterbo (in Italian). Vol. III. Viterbo: Tip. Sociale Agnesotti. pp. 280–327.
  14. ^ From 8 June to 13 October 1367. Ignazio Ciampi. Cronache e statuti della città di Viterbo. Tipi di M. Cellini e c. p. 35. ISBN 9788827116081.
  15. ^ Laura Gaffuri, "Marco da Viterbo," Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani Volume 69 (Treccani 2007); retrieved: 18 April 2020.
  16. ^ Augustin Theiner (1862). Codex diplomaticus dominii temporalis S. Sedis: 1335-1389 (in Latin). Vol. Tome second. Roma: Imprimerie du Vatican. pp. 452–453.
  17. ^ Urban V, bull "Cum Illius", 31 August 1359. Luigi Tomassetti, ed. (1859). Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum Romanorum pontificum Taurensis editio (in Latin). Vol. IV. Seb. Franco. pp. 523–528.
  18. ^ Luigi Tomassetti, ed. (1860). Bullarum, diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum romanorum pontificum taurinensis (in Latin). Vol. Tomus V. Turin: Seb. Franco et Henrico Dalmazzo editoribus. pp. 18–20.
  19. ^ Catherine Mary Antony (1908). The Angelical Cardinal, Reginald Pole. London: Macdonald and Evans. p. 108. Dermot Fenlon (1972). Heresy and Obedience in Tridentine Italy: Cardinal Pole and the Counter Reformation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 71–73. ISBN 978-0-521-20005-9. Abigail Brundin (2016). Vittoria Colonna and the Spiritual Poetics of the Italian Reformation. New York: Routledge. pp. 47–50. ISBN 978-1-317-00106-5.
  20. ^ Pius XI, bull Bolla "Ad maius christiani", (in Latin) Acta Apostolicae Sedis Vol. 28 (Città del Vaticano 1936), p. 394.
  21. ^ In its decree Christus Dominus, section 22, it stated: "Concerning diocesan boundaries, therefore, this sacred synod decrees that, to the extent required by the good of souls, a fitting revision of diocesan boundaries be undertaken prudently and as soon as possible. This can be done by dividing dismembering or uniting them, or by changing their boundaries, or by determining a better place for the episcopal see or, finally, especially in the case of dioceses having larger cities, by providing them with a new internal organization.... At the same time the natural population units of people, together with the civil jurisdictions and social institutions that compose their organic structure, should be preserved as far as possible as units. For this reason, obviously, the territory of each diocese should be continuous."
  22. ^ "in unam dioecesim iuridice redigeremus, satis enim eas coeptis, institutis, moribus, mente coaluisse....perpetuo unimus, unione, ut dicunt, exstinctiva; quae proinde adquiret atque comprehendet in suo territorio uniuscuiusque harum Ecclesiarum territorium"
  23. ^ Acta Apostolicae Sedis Vol. 78 (Città del Vaticano: Typis polyglottis vaticanis 1986), pp. 906-907.
  24. ^ Capitula, VI. De conciliis provincialibus: J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima editio, editio novissima, Tomus XXII (Venice: A. Zatta 1778), p. 991.
  25. ^ Benedictus XIV (1842). "Lib. I. caput secundum. De Synodi Dioecesanae utilitate". Benedicti XIV ... De Synodo dioecesana libri tredecim (in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus. Mechlin: Hanicq. pp. 42–49. John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis (March 19, 1997): Acta Apostolicae Sedis 89 (1997), pp. 706-727.
  26. ^ Cappelletti VI, pp. 127-131.
  27. ^ Constitutiones, et decreta edita ab illustriss. & reuerendiss. D. Tiberio ... card. Muto, ... in eius secunda discesana Synodo habita Viterbij diebus 18. et 19. Ianuarij anno Domini 1624 (in Latin). Viterbo: ex typographia Augustini Discipuli. 1624.
  28. ^ Constitutiones editae in dioecesana synodo habita Viterbij ab eminentiss. & reuerendiss. d. card. Brancacio episcopo Viterbien. et Tuscanen. Die XXV septembris MDCXXXIX. Viterbo: apud Marianum Diotalleuium 1639. (in Latin)
  29. ^ Constitutiones editae in dioecesana synodo habita Viterbii ab eminentiss. & reuerendiss. d. card. Brancatio episcopo Viterbien. et Tuscanen. die XXI nouembris MDCXXXXIX. (in Latin) Viterbo: apud Marianum Diotalleuium 1650.
  30. ^ Constitutiones editae ab eminenitiss., et reuerendiss. D.D. Vrbano card. Sacchetto episcopo Viterbien., ac Tuscanen. in Dioecesana Synodo. Celebrata in ecclesia cathedrali Viterbien. Dominica secunda post Pentecosten, & feria sequenti diebus nempe 24. & 25. Maij anno Domini 1694 (in Latin) Roma: Tip. Reverenda Camera Apostolica 1694).
  31. ^ Bishop Giovanni was earlier Bishop of Tuscanella (1188 – 6 April 1199); he was created Cardinal-Priest of S. Clemente (May 1189–6 April 1199); he was promoted Cardinal-Bishop of Albano (6 April 1190. He died in 1210.
  32. ^ Because Bishop Rainerio had allowed the diocese to fall into spiritual and temporal disorder, Pope Honorius III assigned a coadjutor to the diocese. Uhgelli I, pp. 1408-1409. Cappelletti VI, pp. 110-117. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 532, note 1.
  33. ^ Francesco Antonio Turriozzi (1778). Memorie istoriche della citta Tuscania che ora volgarmente dicesi Toscanella (in Italian). Roma: per Generoso Salomoni. Cappelletti VI, p. 110. Gams, p. 737 column 1. Eubel I, p. 532.
  34. ^ In his eighth year as pope, Honorius III consecrated three bishops, one of whom was a bishop of Viterbo. Eubel I, p. 532, note 2.
  35. ^ Nicholas had been Bishop of Civita Castellana (1232–1233). He was transferred to the diocese of Viterbo by Pope Gregory IX on 6 October 1333. Cappelletti VI, p. 111. Eubel I, pp. 190, 532.
  36. ^ Matteo's reign lasted eight years. Cappelletti VI, p. 111.
  37. ^ Capocci was created Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin in 1216; it is contested whether the Bishop of Viterbo was the same Rainerius. He died c. 1250. Eubel I, p. 532 with note 3.
  38. ^ Scambio was confirmed as bishop by Pope Innocent IV on 15 June 1245. Ughelli I, pp. 1411–1414. Eubel I, p. 532.
  39. ^ Alferius had been master of the chapel of Cardinal Ottobono Fieschi of S. Adriano (1251–1276). He was named Bishop of Alife on 27 April 1252, but was unable to take possession of the diocese. Still bishop-elect, he was confirmed as bishop of Viterbo by Innocent IV on 27 January 1254. Ughelli I, p. 1414. Elie Berger (1897). Les registres d'Innocent IV (in Latin and French). Vol. Tome troisième. Paris: E. Thorin. pp. 359, no. 7212. Eubel I, p. 84, 532.
  40. ^ Philippus: Ughelli I, p. 1414.
  41. ^ Pietro Capocci (Romanucci) was previously Bishop of Ancona (Italy). Following the death of Bishop Philippus, the Chapter of Viterbo notified the Chapter of Toscanella and fixed a day for the election of a new bishop. They decided to proceed by the "Way of Compromise", and named a committee of three Canons, who chose Jacobus de Viterbio, a cleric of the Apostolic Camera and a Canon of Viterbo. Jacobus accepted, but then resigned the office to the pope, who chose Petrus, Bishop of Ancona to be Bishop of Viterbo. Pietro was appointed Bishop of Viterbo on 25 August 1286. He died in 1311 or 1312. Maurice Prou (1888). Les registres d'Honorius IV (in Latin and French). Paris: E. Thorin. pp. 418–419, no. 603. Eubel I, p. 87, 532.
  42. ^ While Bishop Petrus was still alive, Pope Clement V had reserved to himself the right to appoint to benefices in Viterbo (and elsewhere). Nonetheless, the Chapter of Viterbo proceeded to an election, and in the midst of strife, two elections were made, one faction choosing the Archpriest Raynerius, the other faction choosing Joannes de Serracinis, a Canon of the Lateran Basilica. When the matter reached the pope, Clement V nullified both elections, and, on 10 March 1312, appointed Joannes, a Canon of the Vatican Basilica and one of his chamberlains, as Bishop of Viterbo e Toscanella. He remained at the papal court for three years, however, and was still bishop-elect when he resigned in 1318. Cappelletti VI, p. 127. Benedictine monks (1887). Regestum Clementis papae V (in Latin). Vol. Annus septimus (7). Roma: ex Typographia Vaticana. pp. 75, no. 7902. Eubel I, p. 532 with note 6.
  43. ^ After the resignation of Bishop-Elect Joannes, Pope John XXII, on 19 March 1318, appointed Angelo, a native of Rome, a priest and Canon of the Lateran Basilica, to be bishop of the united dioceses of Viterbo and Toscanella. He held a diocesan synod on 16 May 1320. While he was bishop, the Pope appointed him in 1319 to be vice-rector of the Patrimony of S. Peter, and in 1322 to be vice-rector of the city of Rome. In 1325, Angelo was named Vicar of the city of Rome, which office he held until 1335. He died in Rome on 18 December 1343 (Cappelletti says 8 December). Cappelletti VI, pp. 127-135.G. Mollat; G. de Lesquen (1905). Jean XXII (1316-1334); Lettres communes analysées d'Après les registres dits d'Avignon et du Vatican (in Latin). Vol. Tome deuxième. Paris: A. Fontemoing. pp. 107, no. 6654. Eubel I, p. 532 with note 7.
  44. ^ Bernard du Lac had been a Canon of Rodez, and was a Doctor of Canon Law. He was rector of the Patrimony of S. Peter when he was appointed Bishop of Viterbo on 6 February 1344 by Pope Clement VI. It was he who expelled Cola di Rienzi from the city of Rome. He died on 27 July 1347. Ughelli I, p. 1418. Cappelletti VI, pp. 135-136. Eubel I, p. 532
  45. ^ Bishop Pierre de Pin was transferred to the diocese of Verona on 15 July 1348 by Pope Clement VI. On 27 July 1349, he was transferred to the diocese of Périgueux (France). He died in 1382.
  46. ^ Joannes had previously Bishop of Forlì (Romagna, Italy) (1342–1346)
  47. ^ Bishop Pietro was transferred to the diocese of Benevento on 18 November 1350. He died in 1360.
  48. ^ Archbishop Ambrogio was previously Metropolitan Archbishop of Oristano (Italy) (1364 – 20 February 1377), Archbishop-Bishop of Cittanova (20 February 1377 – 10 October 1380), and Archbishop-Bishop of Concordia (Italy) (10 October 1380 – 1389).
  49. ^ Pietro was a native of Viterbo, and had been Archpriest of the collegiate church of S. Sisto in Viterbo (See Cappelletti, p. 173). He was appointed Bishop of Viterbo on 19 May 1460 by Pope Pius II. He died on 3 August 1472. Ughelli I, p. 1419. Cappelletti VI, p. 150. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 269.
  50. ^ Scelloni had previously been Bishop of Terni (Italy) (February 1472). He was named Bishop of Viterbo on 31 August 1472 by Pope Sixtus IV. He was transferred back to the diocese of Terni on 5 December 1491. He died in c.1494. Eubel II, pp. 168, 269.
  51. ^ A native of Genoa, Cybo was a nephew of Pope Innocent VIII (Cybo), and a papal chamberlain and apostolic subdeacon of the papal chapel. He was appointed Bishop of Viterbo by Pope Alexander VI on 12 December 1491; he was still in Rome on 25 March and 25 April 1492, when he celebrated Mass for the papal court. He died in 1498, after the month of June. Cappelletti VI, pp. 151-153. Eubel II, p. 269.
  52. ^ Cardinal Riario, a nephew of Pope Sixtus IV was named Cardinal-Deacon on 10 December 1477. He was Cardinal Deacon of S. Giorgio, then Cardinal of S. Lorenzo in Damaso (1480–1503), Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church of the Reverend Apostolic Camera (1483–1521), and was promoted Cardinal-Bishop of Albano (1503– 1507). He was finally consecrated a bishop by Pope Julius II on 9 April 1504. He died on 9 July 1521. He was administrator of the diocese of Viterbo from 28 August 1498 to 16 September 1506. He resigned in favor of his nephew, Ottaviano. Cappelletti, p. 153. Eubel II, pp. 18, no. 22; 269.
  53. ^ Ottaviano was the nephew of Cardinal Raffaele Riariom and brother of Cesare Visconti Riario, Archbishop of Pisa. Ottaviano held the post of Scriptor Apostolicarum Litterarum in the Roman Curia. He was appointed bishop on the same day that his uncle resigned, 16 September 1506. On 16 March 1515, he was given the office of Primicerius of the collegiate church of S. Pietro (Toscanella) and a canonry and prebend of the collegiate church of S. Maria in Pontano; these were benefices, held for the sake of the income. He died on 6 October 1523. Eubel III, p. 335 with note 3.
  54. ^ Egidius Canisius (Egidio Antonini da Bagnaia) was the Prior General of his Order. He participated in the Fifth Lateran Council, and served as papal nuncio to Venice, to Naples, and to Perugia. He was named a cardinal by Pope Leo X on 1 July 1517. He was appointed Bishop of Viterbo on 2 December 1523 by Pope Clement VII. He was named titular Patriarch of Constantinople on 8 August 1524, and was sent on a mission to Spain to the Emperor Charles V. He was appointed Administrator of the See of Zara (Jadra, Zadar) in Istria on 19 December 1530, which he resigned, retaining half of the bishopric's income. He died in Rome on 12 November 1532. Ughelli I, p. 1420. Eubel III, pp. 16, no. 28; 215 with note 7; 335.
  55. ^ Ridolfi, a nephew of Pope Leo X and a cardinal at the age of fourteen, who was already papal Legate in the Patrimony, was appointed Administrator of Viterbo on 16 November 1532, following the death of Cardinal Egidio. He resigned after six months, on 6 June 1533, upon the appointment of Bishop Grassi. Eubel III, p. 335-336.
  56. ^ Grassi was a native of Piacenza (according to Eubel; Ughelli, p. 1430, says he was Bolognese), and a familiaris of Pope Clement VII, he was also a familiaris of Cardinal Ridolfi, who was Administrator of Viterbo for ten years. He was appointed bishop of Viterbo on 6 June 1533. He died in 1538. Cappelletti VI, p. 134. Eubel III, p. 336.
  57. ^ There is no evidence he was ever consecrated a bishop. He was named Administrator of Viterbo a second time on 8 August 1538, and resigned the Administratorship to become Archbishop of Florence (a second time) on 25 May 1548. He died on 31 January 1550. Eubel III, p. 336.
  58. ^ Ugolini: Eubel III, p. 336 with note 7.
  59. ^ Eubel III, p. 336 with note 8.
  60. ^ Born in Brescia in 1533, Gambara was the nephew of Cardinal Uberto Gambara. He held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure (Perugia). He was named a cardinal on 26 February 1561. On 7 October 1566 he was appointed Bishop of Viterbo. He was appointed Inquisitor General of the Roman and Universal Inquisition by Pope Pius V. He resigned the See of Viterbo on 28 March 1576. He was promoted Suburbicarian Bishop of Albano in 1580. Cappelletti VI, pp. 155-159. Eubel III, pp. 38, no. 10; 336.
  61. ^ Montigli: Eubel III, p. 336 with note 10.
  62. ^ Matteucci: Eubel III, p. 336 with note 11.
  63. ^ Margotti had been named a cardinal by Pope Paul V on 24 November 1608. He was appointed bishop of Viterbo on 26 January 1609, and he died on 28 November 1611. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 11, no. 18, with notes 7 and 8; 371 with note 4.
  64. ^ Muti was appointed bishop of Viterbo on 19 December 1611. He was named a cardinal by Pope Paul V on 2 December 1615. He died in Viterbo on 14 April 1636. Gauchat IV, p. 371 with note 5.
  65. ^ Cesarini was named a cardinal on 30 August 1627. He was named Bishop of Viterbo on 14 May 1636. He resigned the diocese on 13 September 1638. He died in Rome on 25 January 1644. Gauchat IV, pp. 21, no. 23; 371 with note 6.
  66. ^ Born in Canneto in 1592 of a noble family of Naples, Francesco Brancaccio was named a cardinal in the consistory of 28 November 1633 by Pope Urban VIII. He had been Bishop of Capaccio (1627–1635). He was appointed Bishop of Viterbo e Toscanella on 13 September 1638, and made his formal entry into his diocese on 25 November. He was named Suburbicarian Bishop Sabina in 1666, then of Tusculum (Frascati) in 1668, and Porto in 1671. He resigned the diocese of Viterbo on 2 June 1670, in favor of his nephew Stefano. He died on 9 January 1675. Ughelli I, pp. 1423-1424. Gauchat IV, p. 371 with note 7. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 417 with note 2.
  67. ^ Stefano was a nephew of cardinal Francesco Brancaccio. Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 417 with note 3.
  68. ^ Sacchetti: Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 417 with note 4.
  69. ^ Santacroce: Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 417 with note 5.
  70. ^ Conti: Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 417 with note 6.
  71. ^ Sermattei: Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 417 with note 7.
  72. ^ Abbati was born in Rome in 1681, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from the Sapienza (Rome) (1699). He was a Canon and Prebend of S. Maria Maggiore. He became a Referendary of the Tribunal of the Two Signatures, and then Secretary of the SC of the Council, and an official of the SC of Good Government. He had been titular bishop of Philadelphia (1728–1731), and was consecrated by Pope Benedict XIII personally. He was appointed Bishop of Viterbo on 21 May 1731 by Pope Clement XII, where he reformed the seminary. He died on 30 April 1748. Cappelletti Vi, pp. 166-167. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 313 with note 6; VI, p. 443 with note 2.
  73. ^ Simonetti: Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 443 with note 3.
  74. ^ Oddi: Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 444 with note 4.
  75. ^ Pastrovich: Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 444 with note 5.
  76. ^ Gallo: Ritzler-Sefrin VI, p. 444 with note 6.
  77. ^ Born in 1761, Conestabili belonged to an aristocratic family of Narni. He was appointed titular Archbishop of Corinth on 9 August 1802, and transferred to Viterbo on 26 September 1803, being allowed to keep the title "Archbishop". He died on 17 December 1806, at the age of 45. Cappelletti VI, p. 169. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, pp. 164, 398.
  78. ^ A native of Senigallia, Bedini was a professional diplomat. In 1845, he was named titular Archbishop of Thebes (Greece), and posted to Brazil, where he served until 1856. When he returned to the Vatican, he was appointed Secretary of the Congregation de propaganda fide, which manages all of the dioceses in the third world. He was named Bishop of Viterbo e Toscanella on 18 March 1861 by Pope Pius IX, and allowed to retain the title of Archbishop. He was created a cardinal six months later, on 27 September 1861. He died on 6 September 1864. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, pp. 50, 545, 593. Martin Bräuer (2014). Handbuch der Kardinäle: 1846-2012 (in German). Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-3-11-026947-5.
  79. ^ Gonella was a native of Turin. He held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure (Sapienza, Rome, 1841). Like his predecessor, he was a professional diplomat. He was appointed titular Archbishop of Neocesarea (Pontus) in 1850, and posted to Belgium. In 1861, he became Nuncio in Bavaria. On 22 June 1866, he was assigned the diocese of Viterbo e Toscanella, and allowed to retain the title of Archbishop. He was created a cardinal at the Consistory of 13 March 1868, and assigned the title of Santa Maria sopra Minerva. He took part in the First Vatican Council. He died during the Council, on 15 April 1870. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, pp. 50, 406, 593. Martin Bräuer (2014). Handbuch der Kardinäle: 1846-2012 (in German). Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 81. ISBN 978-3-11-026947-5.
  80. ^ Boccadoro was appointed Bishop of Viterbo e Toscanella on 8 June 1970 by Pope Paul VI. On 27 March 1986 Boccadoro became Bishop of Viterbo, Acquapendente, Bagnoregio, Montefiascone, Tuscania e San Martino al Monte Cimino. He resigned the bishopric in accordance with Canon Law on 14 March 1987. He died on 8 March 1998.
  81. ^ Fumagalli was born in Rome in 1947. He was named Bishop of Sabina–Poggio Miterto on 31 December 1999, and consecrated a bishop on 20 February 2020. He was transferred to the diocese of Viterbo by Pope Benedict XVI on 11 December 2010. Biographical notice of Bishop Fumagalli: Diocesi di Viterbo, "Vescovo"; retrieved: 20 April 2020.
  82. ^ Kehr II, p. 214.
  83. ^ In general, see: P. Egidi, "L'abbazia di S. Martino sul Monte Cimino secondo documenti inediti," (in Italian) Rivista storica Benedittina 1 (1906), 579-590; II, pp. 161-199; 481-542.
  84. ^ Pius XI, "Ad Maius Christiani," in: Acta Apostolicae Sedis Vol. 28 (Città del Vaticano) 1936), pp. 394-395: "Abbatia S. Martini ad Montem Ciminum cum dioecesi Viterbiensi posthac unione perpetua et aeque principali coniuncta erit, ita ut in posterum Episcopus pro tempore Viterbiensis regimen quoque illius Abbatiae habeat et titulo Abbatis S. Martini ad Montem Ciminum condecoretur cum omnibus iuribus et officiis eidem adnexis."

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