Voiced bilabial implosive
ɓ
IPA Number160
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity (decimal)ɓ
Unicode (hex)U+0253
X-SAMPAb_<
Braille⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)

A voiced bilabial implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɓ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b_<.

Features

Features of the voiced bilabial implosive:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Balanta-Ganja ɓaara? [ɓaːra]? 'heron' Possible allophone for /b/.[1]
Ega[2] [ɓá] 'send away'
English Southern American[3] body [ɓʌdi] 'body' Possible realization of word-initial /b/.[3] See English phonology
Fula[4] fulɓe
𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫		 [fulɓe] 'Fulbe person' (g.)
Goemai ḅas [ɓas] 'to fetch'
Hausa ɓaɓewa [ɓaɓɛua] 'quarreling'
Jamaican Patois[5] beat [ɓiːt] 'beat' Allophone of /b/ in the onset of prominent syllables.
Kalabari[6] ḅá [ɓá] 'kill'
Khmer បារាំង/barăng [ɓaːraŋ] noun: 'France'
adjective: 'French'		 See Khmer phonology
Konso[7] bad [ɓaɗ] ‘to hide’
Kwaza bura [ɓuɾa] 'put [the] hat on!'
Latundê[8] [ˌɓa:ˈnãn] '(they) are two' One of the possible realisations of /p/.[8]
Mayan Yucatec balam [ɓalam] 'jaguar'
Mam qanbʼax [qamɓaʂ] 'foot'
Mono[9] ‘balœ [ɓálə́] 'at'
Punjabi Dialectal ਬੱਕਰੀ [ˈɓək.krɪ] 'goat'
Paumarí[10] 'bo'da [ɓoɗa] 'old'
Saraiki[11] ٻال [ɓɑː.l] 'child'
Sindhi ٻر [ɓaˑrʊ]
Serer[12] ɓood/ ࢠࣷودْ [ɓoːd] 'to crawl' Contrasts /ɓ̥, ɗ̥, ʄ̊, ɓ, ɗ, ʄ/.
Southern Nambikwara[13] [ɓa̰h] 'ask excuse' One of the possible realisations of /p/.[13]
Shona baba [ɓàːɓá] 'father'
Tera[14] ɓala [ɓala] 'to talk' Contrasts phonemically with palatalized implosive, /ɓʲ/
Tukang Besi [aɓa] 'previous'
Vietnamese[15] bạn [ɓan̪˧ˀ˨ʔ] 'you' See Vietnamese phonology
Standard Zhuang lajmbwn [la̋ːɓɯ̌n] 'world'
Zulu ubaba [úˈɓàːɓá] 'my father'

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Balanta-Ganja (Fgañja / فْگَݧْجَ)". Omniglot.
  2. ^ Connell, Ahoua & Gibbon (2002:100)
  3. ^ a b Wells (1982:489)
  4. ^ Keer (1999:82)
  5. ^ Devonish & Harry (2004:456)
  6. ^ Harry (2003:113)
  7. ^ Orkaydo, Ongaye Oda (2013). A Grammar of Konso. p. 11.
  8. ^ a b Telles (2013:298)
  9. ^ Olson (2004:233)
  10. ^ Everett (2003:23)
  11. ^ Bashir, Elena; J. Conners, Thomas (2019). "3.3.1.3". A Descriptive Grammar of Hindko, Panjabi, and Saraiki. Vol. 4 of Mouton-CASL Grammar Series. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 28. ISBN 9781614512257. Saraiki has four voiced implosive stops: bilabial /ɓ/, alveolar /ɗ/, palatal /ʄ/, and velar /ɠ/.
  12. ^ Mc Laughlin (2005:203)
  13. ^ a b Netto (2018:105, 106)
  14. ^ Tench (2007:228)
  15. ^ Thompson (1959:458–461)

References

  • Connell, Bruce; Ahoua, Firmin; Gibbon, Dafydd (2002), "Ega", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 32 (1): 99–104, doi:10.1017/S002510030200018X
  • Devonish, H.; Harry, Otelamate G. (2004), "Jamaican phonology", in Kortman, B; Shneider E. W. (eds.), A Handbook of Varieties of English, phonology, vol. 1, Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter, pp. 441–471
  • Everett, Daniel L. (2003), "Iambic Feet in Paumari and the Theory of Foot Structure", Linguistic Discovery, 2 (1), doi:10.1349/ps1.1537-0852.a.263, ISSN 1537-0852
  • Harry, Otelamate G. (2003), "Kalaḅarị-Ịjo", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (1): 113–120, doi:10.1017/S002510030300121X
  • Keer, Edward (1999), Geminates, The OCP and The Nature of CON, Rutgers University
  • Mc Laughlin, Fiona (2005), "Voiceless implosives in Seereer-Siin", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 35 (2): 201–214, doi:10.1017/S0025100305002215, S2CID 145717014
  • Olson, Kenneth S. (2004), "Mono" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 34 (2): 233–238, doi:10.1017/S0025100304001744
  • Tench, Paul (2007), "Tera", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 37 (1): 228–234, doi:10.1017/s0025100307002952
  • Thompson, Laurence (1959), "Saigon phonemics", Language, 35 (3): 454–476, doi:10.2307/411232, JSTOR 411232
  • Wells, John C. (1982), Accents of English, vol. 3: Beyond the British Isles, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-24225-8
  • Netto, Luiz (2018), Fonologia do grupo Nambikwára do Campo (Master's dissertation) (in Brazilian Portuguese), Recife: Federal University of Pernambuco, pp. 105, 106
  • Telles, Stella (2013), "Traços laringais em Latundê (Nambikwára do Norte)", Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas (in Brazilian Portuguese), 8 (2), Belém: 291–306, doi:10.1590/S1981-81222013000200005

External links

International Phonetic Alphabet (chart)
Categories