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The year 2012 in Archosaur paleontology was eventful. Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs, extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 11,700 years ago. The year 2012 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs.
This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2012, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2012.
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Holliday & Gardner |
Cenomanian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Desojo, Ezcurra & Kischlat |
Late Carnian or early Norian |
An aetosaur. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Spielmann & Lucas |
Late Triassic |
An aetosaur. The type species is Apachesuchus heckerti. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Iori & Garcia |
A trematochampsid. The type species is Barreirosuchus franciscoi. |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Brochu, Parris, Grandstaff, Denton & Gallagher |
Maastrichtian or Danian |
A crocodilian from New Jersey. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sennikov |
Early Triassic |
A ctenosauriscid. The type species is Bystrowisuchus flerovi. |
||||
sp nov |
Valid |
Brochu & Storrs |
Pliocene to Pleistocene |
A species of Crocodylus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Martinelli et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A peirosaurid. The type species is Gasparinisuchus peirosauroides. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kammerer, Nesbitt, & Shubin |
?Carnian-Norian |
A silesaurid. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Makovicky, Apesteguía & Gianechini |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian or Turonian) |
A coelurosaurian, a probable relative of alvarezsaurids. The type species is Alnashetri cerropoliciensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[57] |
D’Emic |
Early Cretaceous |
Trinity Group |
A titanosauriform sauropod, a member of the clade Somphospondyli. The type species is Astrophocaudia slaughteri. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Godefroit et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A basal hadrosauroid. The type species is Batyrosaurus rozhdestvenskyi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Novas et al. |
A coelurosaur. The type species is Bicentenaria argentina. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Agnolin, Powell, Novas, & Kundrát |
An alvarezsaurid. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Carballido et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian or Albian) |
A rebbachisaurid sauropod. The type species is Comahuesaurus windhauseni. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Ryan, Evans & Shepherd |
Late Cretaceous |
A centrosaurine ceratopsian, a new genus for "Centrosaurus" brinkmani Ryan & Russell (2005). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Paul |
Early Cretaceous (early Valanginian) |
A styracosternan ornithopod. The type species is Darwinsaurus evolutionis, and the holotype is an associated skeleton that includes material catalogued under numbers NHMUK R1831 (a dentary), R1833, R1835 and R1836;[63] this skeleton is assigned by Norman (2010) to Hypselospinus fittoni.[64] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Mannion & Otero |
Middle Cenomanian to Turonian |
A lithostrotian titanosaur. The type species is Elaltitan lilloi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Pol & Rauhut |
Aalenian or Bajocian |
An abelisaurid. The type species is Eoabelisaurus mefi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ruiz-Omeñaca et al. |
Barremian |
A basal ornithopod. The type species is Gideonmantellia amosanjuanae. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ryan, Evans, Currie, Brown, & Brinkman |
Late Santonian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Jin, Chen & Godefroit |
Early Valanginian to early Barremian |
A basal ornithomimosaur. The type species is Hexing qingyi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
Ramírez-Velasco et al. |
Santonian |
A basal hadrosauroid. The type species is Huehuecanauhtlus tiquichensis. |
||||
Gen. et com. nov |
Valid |
Paul |
Early Cretaceous (early Valanginian) |
A styracosternan ornithopod, a new genus for "Iguanodon" hollingtoniensis Lydekker (1889);[63] this species is considered by Norman (2010) to be a junior synonym of Hypselospinus fittoni.[64] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Allain et al. |
Late Early Cretaceous |
Savannakhet Basin |
A spinosaurid. The type species is Ichthyovenator laosensis. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[73] |
Tschopp & Mateus |
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) |
A diplodocine diplodocid sauropod. The type species is Kaatedocus siberi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Godefroit, Bolotsky & Lauters |
Late Cretaceous, possibly late Maastrichtian |
A saurolophine hadrosaurid. The type species is Kundurosaurus nagornyi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Coria, Riga & Casadío |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian or early Maastrichthian) |
A hadrosaurid. The type species is Lapampasaurus cholinoi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Prieto-Márquez & Brañas |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A hadrosaurid of uncertain phylogenetic placement; originally described as a saurolophine, but subsequently reinterpreted as a lambeosaurine.[77] The type species is Latirhinus uitstlani. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Prieto-Márquez, Chiappe & Joshi |
Late Campanian |
A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, a new genus for "Lambeosaurus" laticaudus (Morris, 1981). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Paul |
Early Cretaceous (early Aptian) |
A styracosternan ornithopod. The type species is Mantellodon carpenteri and the holotype is the specimen NHMUK R3741 consisting of partial associated skeleton (also known as Gideon Mantell's "Mantel-piece")[63] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Senter, Kirkland & DeBlieux |
Early Aptian |
A possible therizinosauroid. The type species is Martharaptor greenriverensis. |
||||
sp nov |
Valid |
Gong et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A species of Microraptor. Its status as a distinct species is disputed, with Pei et al. (2014) considering the holotype specimen's morphology not to be distinguishable from other Microraptor specimens.[81] |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ősi et al. |
Santonian |
A rhabdodontid ornithopod, a species of Mochlodon. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ji et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
An oviraptorosaur. The type species is Ningyuansaurus wangi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Buffetaut |
Late Jurassic |
A spinosaurid. The type species is Ostafrikasaurus crassiserratus. |
||||
sp nov |
Valid |
Fiorillo & Tykoski |
Maastrichtian |
Third known species of Pachyrhinosaurus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sereno |
Hettangian to Sinemurian |
A heterodontosaurid. The type species is Pegomastax africana. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
Campanian |
A troodontid. Its type species is Philovenator curriei. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
McDonald et al. |
Early Cretaceous (early Albian) |
An iguanodont ornithopod closely related to Iguanodon and the clade Hadrosauroidea. The type species is Proa valdearinnoensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Woodruff |
Aptian or Albian |
A titanosauriform sauropod. The type species is Rugocaudia cooneyi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cau, Dalla Vecchia & Fabbri |
Cenomanian |
A carcharodontosaurid. The type species is Sauroniops pachytholus. Announced in 2012; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2013. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rauhut et al. |
Upper Kimmeridgian |
A megalosauroid. The type species is Sciurumimus albersdoerferi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ryan, Evans, Currie, Brown, & Brinkman |
Late Campanian |
A leptoceratopsid ceratopsian. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ryan, Evans & Shepherd |
Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) |
A centrosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Xenoceratops foremostensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Zheng, Jin, Shibata, Azuma, & Yu |
Aptian-Cenomanian |
A basal ornithopod. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Senter et al. |
Early Cretaceous, possibly Barremian |
A dromaeosaurid. The type species is Yurgovuchia doellingi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A basal tyrannosauroid. The type species is Yutyrannus huali. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Strigidae. |
|||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zhang Zihui Huang Yunping Hou Lianhai |
Middle Pleistocene |
An Accipitridae. |
|||||
Aix praeclara [97] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Middle Miocene |
Oshin Formation |
An Anatidae. |
|||
Alauda xerarvensis [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Middle Villafranchian |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Anchigyps voorhiesi [99] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zhang Zihui |
Late Miocene. late Clarendonian |
USA: |
An Accipitridae close in morphology to the Old World Vultures. The type species of the new genus. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Etadunna Formation, 24-26 Ma |
An Anhingidae. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 7-8 |
A Motacillidae. |
||||
Athene vallgornerensis [103] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Carmen Guerra Pere Bover Josep A. Alcover |
Early Pleistocene |
Cave deposits |
A Strigidae. |
|||
Australopicus nelsonmandelai [104] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Antoine Louchart |
Early Pliocene |
Varswater Formation |
A Picidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
USA: |
A stem parrot, a member of Pan-Psittaciformes. The type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Becassius charadriioides [106] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Vanesa L. De Pietri |
Early Miocene |
Saint-Gérard-le-Puy, |
Originally described as a member of the family Scolopacidae or a relative of the Scolopacidae; De Pietri, Mayr & Scofield (2019) transferred this species to the family Glareolidae.[107] The type species of the new genus. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early Miocene |
||||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Larry D. Martin Tim T. Tokaryk |
A Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Brodavidae Martin, Kurochkin et Tokaryk, 2012, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Larry D. Martin Tim T. Tokaryk |
USA: |
A Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Brodavidae Martin, Kurochkin et Tokaryk, 2012. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Larry D. Martin Tim T. Tokaryk |
A Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Brodavidae Martin, Kurochkin et Tokaryk, 2012. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Late Miocene |
Originally described as a species of Certhia; Zelenkov (2017) transferred this species to a new genus Sylvosimadaravis within the superfamily Sylvioidea.[109] |
|||||
Chenoanas deserta [110] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Middle Miocene |
Oshin Formation |
An Anatidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early Miocene |
A Cinclidae. |
|||||
Circaetus rhodopensis [111] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Miocene |
Tulorian = Late Meotian, |
An Accipitridae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Robert M. Chandler |
Miocene (Santacrucian) |
A Tinamidae. |
|||||
?Elorius limosoides [106] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Vanessa L. De Pietri |
Early Miocene |
Saint-Gérard-le-Puy, |
A Scolopacidae, possibly a species of Elorius. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early Miocene |
An Emberizidae. |
|||||
Eremarida xerophila [98] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Miocene |
Gnilyane Formation |
An Alaudidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||
Eremophila prealpestris [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Middle Villafranchian, |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 7/8 |
A Muscicapidae, an Erithacus robin. |
||||
Galerida bulgarica [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Middle Villafranchian |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early Miocene |
An Alaudidae. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Comb. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Late Miocene |
Hyargas Nuur Formation |
An Anatidae a new genus for "Heterochen" vicinus Kurochkin, 1976. |
||||
Hirundo selengenica [114] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Late Pliocene |
Chikoi Formation |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Sun Chengkai Wang Xiaolin |
Early Aptian |
A Jeholornithidae Zhou et Zhang, 2006. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
R. Ewan Fordyce Tatsuro Ando Craig M. Jones |
Dutroonian |
A Spheniscidae. |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov |
Valid |
R. Ewan Fordyce Tatsuro Ando Craig M. Jones |
Late Whaingaroan or Early Duntroonian |
A Spheniscidae, the type species of the genus. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 7-8 |
A Laniidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Not valid |
Zhang Zihui Huang Yunping Hou Lianhai |
Middle Pleistocene |
Cave deposits |
A Ciconiidae, the name is not valid because of the "ü" in it, that must, of course be a plain "u". |
||||
Lullula balcanica [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Middle Villafranchian |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 7/8 |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Lullula slivnicensis [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Early Late Villafranchian, |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early Miocene |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||||
Lutetodontopteryx tethyensis [118] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Evgenij Zvonok |
Middle Eocene |
Early Lutetian |
A Pelagornithidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||
Melanocorypha donchevi [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
Middle Villafranchian |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Melanocorypha serdicensis [98] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Miocene |
Gnilyane Formation, Middle Late Pontian |
An Alaudidae. |
||||
Mioquerquedula minutissima [97] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Gobi-Altai Aimag, Shargyn Govi, Sharga location |
An Anatidae, this is the type species of the new genus, the new genus also contains "Anas" velox Milne-Edwards, 1868 as a Comb. nov. from France, Germany, Romania and ?Hungary. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 7/8 |
A Muscicapidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Carlos Rando Harald Pieper Josep A. Alcover |
A Strigidae. |
||||||
?Parvelorius calidris [106] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Vanessa L. De Pietri |
Early Miocene |
A Scolopacidae, the new genus is erected for the species "Tringa" gracilis Milne-Edwards, 1868, the type species of the new genus and makes a Com. nov. with it; genus may also contain this new species. |
||||
Phylloscopus miocaenicus [101] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 6-8 |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Růžena Gregorová |
Early Oligocene |
Menilite Formation |
A stem group representative of the Piciformes, placed in a new family Picavidae Mayr et Gregorová, 2012. it is the type species of the new genus. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Pleistocene to Holocene |
Cave deposits |
A Passerellidae, towhee. |
|||||
Pliocalcarius orkhonensis[114] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Late Pliocene |
Chikoi Formation, |
Initially considered to be a likely close relative of longspurs, Calcariidae, and made the type species of the new genus Pliocalcarius; Palastrova & Zelenkov (2020) reinterpreted this species as a lark and transferred it to the genus Eremophila.[122] |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Middle Miocene |
MN 7/8 |
An Alaudidae. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Columbidae related to the bronzewing pigeons. The type species of the new genus. |
|||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Federico L. Agnolín Jorge I. Noriega |
Late Miocene |
A Rheidae. Transferred to the genus Rhea by Tambussi, Degrange & De Mendoza (2023).[125] |
|||||
Rallicrex litkensis [126] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early Miocene |
A Rallidae, a new species of Rallicrex Lambrecht, 1933, the type species is Rallicrex kolozsvarensis Lambrecht, 1933. |
||||
Rhodospiza shaamarica [114] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Late Pliocene |
Chikoi Formation, |
Originally described as a species of Rhodospiza; Palastrova & Zelenkov (2020) transferred it to the genus Emberiza.[127] |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Wang Min Zhang Jiangyong |
Middle Eocene |
Huayong Formation |
A Ciconiiformes Incertae Sedis. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov |
Valid |
Zhou Shuang |
A basal Ornithuromorpha. The type species of the new genus. |
||||||
Scolopacimilis lartetianus [106] |
Gen. nov. et Comb. nov. |
Valid |
Vanessa L. De Pietri |
Early Miocene |
A Scolopacidae, a new genus for the species "Totanus" lartetianus, the type species of the genus, creating a Comb. nov. |
||||
Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Li Li Wang Jinqi Zhang Xi Hou Shilin |
Early Cretaceous |
A Longipterygidae Zhang, Zhou, Hou L. H. et Gu, 2000, Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Songzia acutunguis [131] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Wang Min Zhang Jiangyong |
Early Eocene |
Yangxi Formation |
A Songziidae Hou, 1990, Gruiformes. The type species is Songzia heidangkouensis Hou, 1990. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Late Miocene |
A Sturnidae. |
|||||
Tadorna minor [126] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
MN 7/8 |
An Anatidae. |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler János Hír |
Early to Middle Miocene |
A Turdidae. |
|||||
Tydea septentrionalis [132] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Thierry Smith |
Early Oligocene |
A Diomedeidae. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Hu Dongyu Hou Lianhai Corwin Sullivan |
Early Cretaceous |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species of the new genus. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Novas et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
An azhdarchid. The type species is Aerotitan sudamericanus. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hone et al. |
Late Kimmeridgian |
Pfraundorf-Heitzenhofen Basin |
A rhamphorhynchid. The type species is Bellubrunnus rothgaengeri. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü & Hone |
Middle Jurassic |
An anurognathid. Originally described as a species of Dendrorhynchoides, but subsequently transferred to the separate genus Luopterus.[138] |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Vullo et al. |
Upper Barremian |
A tapejarid. The type species is Europejara olcadesorum. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü, Ji, Wei, & Liu |
Barremian |
||||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang, Kellner, Jiang, & Cheng |
Early Cretaceous |
A close relative of Ludodactylus. The type species is Guidraco venator. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cheng, Wang, Jiang, & Kellner |
Middle Jurassic |
||||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A boreopterid. The type species is Moganopterus zhuiana. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
Lü, Unwin, Zhao, Gao & Shen. |
Middle Jurassic |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Naish, Dyke, Cau, Escuillié, Godefroit |
Late Cretaceous |
A possible basal ornithuromorph;[145] alternatively, it could be a large pterosaur.[146][147] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Niedźwiedzki, Sulej & Dzik |
Latest Norian/Early Rhaetian |
Lipie Śląskie clay-pit |
A large predatory archosaur of uncertain phylogenetic placement, the largest known predatory archosaur from the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic of central Europe. |