Betwa River Vetravatī
Betwa River near Orchha
Map of the rivers and lakes in India
Location of the mouth in India
Location
Country	India
State	Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
Cities	Vidisha, Sanchi, Orchha, Hamirpur
Physical characteristics
Source	Vindhya Range
• location	Vindhya Range north of Hoshangabad[1]
Mouth	Yamuna
• location	Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
• coordinates	25°55′03″N 80°12′45″E / 25.91750°N 80.21250°E / 25.91750; 80.21250
Discharge
• location	Rajghat Dam[citation needed]
• average	658 m3/s (23,200 cu ft/s)[citation needed]
• maximum	3,178 m3/s (112,200 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Tributaries
• right	Bina (river), Dhasaan, Jamni

The Betwa (Sanskrit: वेत्रावती) is a river in Central and Northern India, and a tributary of the Yamuna. It rises in the Vindhya Range (Raisen) just north of Hoshangabad (Narmadapuram) in Madhya Pradesh and flows northeast through Madhya Pradesh and Orchha to Uttar Pradesh.^[1] Nearly half of its course, which is not navigable, runs over the Malwa Plateau. The confluence of the Betwa and the Yamuna rivers is in Hamirpur district in Uttar Pradesh.^[1]

The Indian navy named one of its frigates INS Betwa in honour of the river.^[2]

History

In Sanskrit "Betwa" is Vetravati. This river is mentioned in the epic Mahabharata along with the Charmanwati river^{[citation needed]}. Both are tributaries of Yamuna. Vetravati was also known as Shuktimati. The capital of Chedi Kingdom was on the banks of this river. The length of the river from its origin to its confluence with Yamuna is 590 kilometres (370 mi), out of which 232 kilometres (144 mi) lies in Madhya Pradesh and the balance of 358 kilometres (222 mi) in Uttar Pradesh. In accordance with an inter-state agreement between the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh in 1973, Betwa River Board (BRB) was constituted under the Betwa River Board Act, 1976. The Union Minister of Ministry of Water Resources, the Chairman of the Board, the Union Minister of Power, Union Minister of State for Water Resources, and Chief Ministers and Ministers in-charge of Finance, Irrigation and Power of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh are its members.^[3]

Future

The Betwa River is being linked with the Ken River as a part of the river linking project in Madhya Pradesh. Latterly the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has given its clearance for the Ken-Betwa inter-linking of rivers (ILR) project. Another noteworthy project on the Betwa River is the construction of the Matatila Dam, an undertaking between the states of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The region is important for migratory waterbirds.^[4] An ambitious project to link Ken and Betwa rivers has become a stage for a unique man-animal conflict. Proponents of the project, led by the Union Water Ministry, say that the proposed Daudhan dam and the 230 km (140 mi) canal—the key structures of the project—that will transfer surplus water from the Uttar Pradesh section of the Ken to the Betwa in Madhya Pradesh are critical to irrigate nearly 700,000 ha (1,700,000 acres) in drought-ravaged Bundelkhand.

Dams

• Rajghat Dam
• Matatila Dam
• Parichha Dam
• Dhurwara Dam
• Halali Dam