The college was founded in 1878, closely collaborating with Somerville College. Both colleges opened their doors in 1879 as the first two women's colleges of Oxford. The college began admitting men in 1979.[3] The college has just under 400 undergraduate students, around 200 postgraduate students and 24 visiting students.[5] In 2016, the college became the only college in Oxford or Cambridge to offer a Foundation Year for students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
In 2018, Lady Margaret Hall ranked 21st out of 30 in Oxford's Norrington Table, a measurement of the performance of students in finals.[6]
The college's colours are blue, yellow and white. The college uses a coat of arms that accompanies the college's motto "Souvent me Souviens", an Old French phrase meaning "I often remember" or "Think of me often", the motto of Lady Margaret Beaufort, who founded Christ's College and St John's College at Cambridge, and after whom the college is named.
The two parties eventually split, and Talbot's group founded Lady Margaret Hall, while T. H. Green founded Somerville College.[9] Lady Margaret Hall opened its doors to its first nine students in 1879. The first 21 students from Somerville and Lady Margaret Hall attended lectures in rooms above a baker's shop on Little Clarendon Street.[10] Despite the college's High Anglican origins, not all students were devout Christians.
With a new building opening in 1894 the college expanded to 25 students.[11][12]
The land on which the college is built was formerly part of the manor of Norham that belonged to St John's College. The college bought the land from St John's in 1894, the other institution driving a hard bargain and requiring a development price not only on the practical building land but also on the undevelopable water meadows. However, this land purchase marked a change in ambition from occupying residential buildings for teaching purposes to erecting buildings befitting an educational institution.
In 1897, members of Lady Margaret Hall founded the Lady Margaret Hall Settlement,[13] as part of the settlement movement. It was a charitable initiative, originally a place for graduates from the college to live in North Lambeth where they would work with and help develop opportunities for the poor.[14][15] Members of the college also helped found the Women's University Settlement, which continues to operate to this day, as the Blackfriars Settlement in south London.[16]
During the Second World War women were not permitted to fight on the front line, and thus many of the students and fellows took up other roles to aid in the war effort, becoming nurses, firefighters and ambulance drivers.[19] The Fellows' Lawn was dug up and the students grew vegetables as part of the Dig for Victory campaign.[18]
In 1979, one hundred years after its foundation, the college began admitting men as well as women; it was the first of the women's colleges to do so, along with St. Anne's.[20]
Members of the college
In 1919 J. R. R. Tolkien started to give private tuition to students at Oxford, including members of LMH, where his tuition was much needed given the college's limited resources and tutors in its early years. Later his daughter, Priscilla Reuel Tolkien, attended the college, graduating in 1951.[21]
In 2017 Malala Yousafzai, the youngest-ever Nobel Prize Peace laureate and Pakistani campaigner for girls' education, became a student of the college;[23] she described the interview as "the hardest interview of [her] life", and received an offer of AAA in her A-Levels.[24] She graduated in 2020.[25] Also in 2017, prospective Chemistry student Brian White faced deportation at the hands of the Home Office,[26] but was able to take up his place at the college.[27]
Foundation year
Lady Margaret Hall is the only Oxford college to offer a foundation year; the scheme recruits students from minority and underrepresented backgrounds, and offers successful applicants lower grade requirements than the standard Oxford entry grades. Students choose a subject to specialise in, and also take courses in study skills and other general subject areas,[28][29] with the aim that they progress to an undergraduate degree at the college after a year of study.[30] Pupils live in the college and have access to the same university facilities, both academic and social, as other students.[29]
Modelled after a programme at Trinity College, Dublin,[31] the four-year pilot scheme began in 2016 with 10 students,[28][32] seven of whom went on to study at Oxford, with the other three receiving offers from different Russell Group universities.[28] It was praised by David Lammy, a Labour MP who said the foundation year is "exactly the sort of thing that needs to be done", and by Les Ebdon, director of Office for Fair Access, who described the programme as "innovative and important".[30]
Buildings and grounds
The Hall, LMH
The development of the college's buildings is perhaps best thought of as a zigzag, beginning in the 1870s at the end of Norham Gardens and making its way down towards the River Cherwell, and then running back towards Norham Gardens forming quadrangles on the return journey. The following account of the buildings moves through the college as these spaces emerge for a visitor entering the college at the Porters' Lodge and walking to the river. Because of the way the college developed, the dates and styles of the buildings enclosing the quadrangles are not all of a piece.
Leatare Quadrangle
Leatare Quadrangle
The Leatare quadrangle was completed in March 2017 and includes both the college's newest and oldest buildings. The main entrance consists of the front gates flanked by classical columns along with the porters' lodge (2017). On the North West side the Donald Fothergill Building (2017) contains student accommodation while the Clore Graduate Centre (2017) extends further out to the South East towards the University Parks.[33]
The college's oldest buildings are along the South East side of the Leatare Quadrangle. The college's original house, a white brick gothic villa, is now known as Old Old Hall, while the adjoining red-brick extension designed by Basil Champneys is known as New Old Hall (1884).[12] Old Old Hall originally housed the college chapel until the construction of the Deneke building. Opposite the entrance is the Wolfson West (1964), which was previously the entrance to the college.
Old Old Hall, which had been built as a speculative development on land leased from St John's College, was described as an "ugly little white villa" by the college's founder, Bishop Talbot in his 1923 history of the college.[34] On several occasions in the twentieth century consideration was given to demolishing the earliest buildings of the college, but the temptation was resisted.
The only remaining visible evidence of the road that used to run alongside Old Old Hall and past the steps of Talbot Hall are the two large linden trees, which used to line the pavement before the road was removed to allow expansion of the college. The two smaller trees were planted during construction of the quadrangle. The recent expansion designed by John Simpson Architects was modelled after the Porta Maggiore in Rome, in conjunction with the simple façade of the Wolfson West building.
The architect of the main early college buildings, including Lodge, Talbot and Wordsworth, was Sir Reginald Blomfield, who had earlier worked on other educational commissions such as Shrewsbury School, and Exeter College, Oxford. He used the French Renaissance style of the 17th century for the buildings and chose red brick with white stone facings, setting a tone the college was to continue to follow in later work.
These buildings describe the south and east of the Wolfson Quadrangle and run out into the gardens to the east. Blomfield was also involved in establishing and planning the gardens.
The central block, the Talbot Building (1910) on the North East of the main quad houses Talbot Hall and the Old Library (currently a reception and lecture room),[36] while the accommodation for students and tutors is divided between three wings, the Wordsworth Building (1896), the Toynbee Building (1915) and the Lodge Building (1926).[37]
Talbot Hall contains some fine oak panelling donated by former students to honour Elizabeth Wordsworth and, prior to the Deneke building, was used as a dining hall for the students. In recent years, it is used to house termly live music nights among other college events.
Lady Margaret Hall Library
The portraits in the Hall include the work of notable artists; among the portraits of principals are:
In the old Library is a marble statue by Edith Bateson.
On the North West is the Lynda Grier building (1962) housing the college library;[38] this was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1961.[39] The ground floor of Lynda Grier was originally student accommodation but in 2006 it was converted into a law library, which was opened that year by Cherie Blair.[40] The library was of great importance when founded as women were not permitted to use the Bodleian Library, and thus is relatively large for an Oxford college. The Briggs room originally contained the entire archive of rare and antiquarian books donated to the college over the years. However, due to its size of around 2,000 books, the archive is now stored in the Lawrence Lacerte Rare Books Room in the new Law Library extension on the ground floor. The collection includes a Quran created c. 1600 and a Latin translation of Galileo's Dialogo from 1663.[41]
Lynda Grier and Wolfson West were designed by Raymond Erith. In recent years the Wolfson Quadrangle, in contrast to many Oxbridge quadrangles, has been planted with wild flowers instead of an intensively managed, striped quadrangle lawn.
Lannon Quadrangle
Lannon Quadrangle
Named after former principal, Dame Frances Lannon, the quadrangle consists of the Sutherland Building (1971) and the Pipe Partridge Building (2010).[42] Behind this is Sutherland's sister building, Kathleen Lee (1972), which houses the JCR.
The Pipe Partridge Building includes the 136-seat Simpkins Lee theatre,[44] a dining hall, seminar rooms and 64 new undergraduate study bedrooms.[45]
It won the Georgian Group award for the best new building in the classical tradition.[46]
Chapel and Deneke
To the north-east extends the large Deneke block (1932) along with the hall and the college's Byzantine-style chapel where the choir practises and carol services are held in Michaelmas term. These were designed by Giles Gilbert Scott. The chapel has simple decoration with several paintings on the walls, and a statue of Margaret Beaufort that lies in the central section of the chapel. The passageway that leads to the chapel is referred to within the college as "Hell's Passage". The name was derived from the 19th-century illustrations of Dante's Inferno, by John D. Batten, that used to decorate its walls.[47]
The chapel is in the form of a Greek cross was dedicated by the college's founder Edward Stuart Talbot, in January 1933.[48]
In autumn 2019, Andrew Foreshew-Cain became Chaplain.
In April 2019, he and other LGBT clergy in the Church of England started the Campaign for Equal Marriage in the Church of England, calling on the church to allow same-sex couples to be married in Church of England parishes, and to stop discriminating against people in such marriages.[49]
Gardens and grounds
Talbot Hall and the Toynbee buildings, as seen from the Gardens
Lady Margaret Hall is one of the few Oxford colleges that backs onto the River Cherwell. It is set in spacious grounds (about 12 acres (49,000 m2)). The grounds include a set of playing fields, netball and tennis courts, a punt house, topiary, and large herbaceous planting schemes along with vegetable borders. There is a Fellows' Garden – hidden from view by tall hedgerows – and a Fellows' Lawn, on which walking is forbidden.
The Junior Common Room (JCR) is a physical room as well as being the association of the undergraduate members of the college. It represents its members to the college authorities and facilitates activities and budgets as well as clubs and societies. Officers are elected by the student body to communicate internally and externally on matters regarding student life.[50]
The Clore Graduate Centre
Graduate students have similar support from that for the JCR in the Middle Common Room (MCR).
In 2022, Lady Margaret Hall was the first Oxford college to sign a government-backed pledge on ending non-disclosure agreements in cases of sexual misconduct.[51] This followed reporting by The Times that eight female LMH students felt unsafe after the college's response to their complaints of student sexual violence between 2015 and 2021. One undergraduate said that she was threatened with expulsion if she spoke about being raped by a man who was previously reported to the college for sexual violence, and was made to sign a confidentiality agreement by the then Principal Alan Rusbridger.[52] The college initially disputed the undergraduate's claim, but under Rusbridger's successor Christine Gerrard settled the case[53] and paid damages to the woman.[54] Gerrard described the pledge as part of reforms to strengthen safeguarding procedures.[51]
Accommodation
Talbot Hall
Accommodation is always provided for undergraduates for 3 years of their study, and provided for some graduates. The accommodation is found throughout college with a ballot system giving first choice of room to the students of higher years. The Deneke building contains exclusively accommodation for first year undergraduates and students visiting from other universities.
Boating
Given the River Cherwell running past the bottom of LMH's grounds, the students have always had a strong history of spending time by or on the river with the first boat, Lady Maggie, purchased in 1885. The punt house, by tradition, opens on May Day.
Sports
LMH 1st VIII racing in Eights Week – rowing is one of the sporting activities of students at Oxford
In addition to university-wide societies, students at Lady Margaret Hall can also join societies specific to the college[55] The college has a gym, found near the entrance by Pipe Partridge.
Chalk Arms recording rowing successes at LMH
Rowing
Lady Margaret Hall Boat Club Rowing Blazer
LMH's rowing club, Lady Margaret Hall Boat Club (LMHBC) is one of the largest sports club within the college. In recent years, the club has won blades in OURCs events multiple times. The club has a boat house shared with Trinity College on Boat House Island by Christ Church Meadows, along with a purpose built erg shed, constructed to aid in training.
The college's boat club has, like other UK Rowing Clubs, distinctive blazers that can be awarded by the club to members who attain membership of certain VIIIs or race with distinction in Summer Eights or Torpids. These blazers have blue and yellow trim and a blue Beaufort portcullis on them, which is the emblem of the boat club and increasingly other sports clubs.
Rowing blades commemorating success in the intercollegiate rowing competitions decorate the walls of the bar.
In light of its history, the hall has a collection of portraits of early/distinguished women academics. Early Principals Lynda Grier, Dame Lucy Sutherland and Sally Chilver, along with other members of the college, were keen collectors of contemporary art and bequeathed many of these works to the College.
The original coat of arms consisted of three daisies intertwined and bore the motto - "Ex solo ad solem" meaning "From the earth to the sun" and can be seen to adorn Talbot hall, and the Wordsworth and Toynbee buildings. The previous coat of arms gave its name to one of the early college student publications from the 1890s – The Daisy.[60]
After the 50th anniversary of the college, the coat of arms was replaced, now encompassing features that represent the history and founding of the college.
Blazon: Or, on a chevron between in chief two talbots passant and in base a bell azure a portcullis of the field.
Ex solo ad solem
Deneke talks
In the 20th century, the yearly Deneke talks were held in memory of Philip Maurice Deneke who died in 1924. Lectures in this series included "Goethe on nature and science" in 1942 by Nobel laureate Charles Scott Sherrington,[61] and in 1933, Albert Einstein gave the talk "Einiges zur atomistic", concluding the address as follows: "The deeper we search, the more we find there is to know, and as long as humanity exists I believe it will always be so."[62] Margaret Deneke, daughter of Philip, wrote of the talk in her memoirs:[63]
The Deneke Lecture was packed and many of our friends failed to get seats. Sir Charles Sherrington took the Chair. Whilst Dr. Einstein was speaking and using his blackboard I thought I understood his arguments. When someone at the end begged me to explain points I could reproduce nothing. It had been the Professor’s magnetism that held my attention.
— ‘ What I Remember’ Vol.2, pg.26, Ref: MPP 3 A 2/2
Culture and traditions
Literature
In Phillip Pullman's The Secret Commonwealth, the character Lyra Belacqua attends an Oxford college, St Sophia's, which bears many similarities to Lady Margaret Hall: from its location on the map seen in "Lyra's Oxford" to being one of the first colleges to offer women an education.
A thinly disguised version of the college appeared as "Lady Matilda's College" in an episode of Lewis; portions of the episode were filmed within the hall.
The fictional St Scholastika's College in Val McDermid's 2010 novel Trick of the Dark is a formerly all-female college located in North Oxford, adjacent to the University Parks, with grounds backing on to the river, and buildings of red and yellow brick; it thus appears to be inspired as much by Lady Margaret Hall as by McDermid's own alma mater, St. Hilda's College, Oxford.
It was one of the "Modified Hall" class and it was in service in the South East until December 1963.[68]
Gardens
Unusually for Oxford colleges, students are permitted to walk on the Talbot Quadrangle, the main quad of the college.[citation needed] In Trinity term, a spiral of wildflowers are planted, creating a grass walkway into the centre of the quad. This is the only wildflower quad in Oxford.[citation needed] There is a circular wooden bench dedicated to Iris Murdoch in the college gardens where she used to go walking.[69]
Formal Hall
The college's candlelit Formal Hall is held every Friday of term.
Lady Margaret Hall is one of nine Oxford colleges to use the "two-word" Latin grace; this grace is also used by five colleges at the University of Cambridge. The person presiding at High Table says the grace in two parts at formal meals. The first half of the grace, the ante cibum, is said before the meal starts and the second, the post cibum, once the meal's conclusion. It is as follows:
Benedictus benedicat - "May the Blessed One give a blessing"
Benedicto benedicatur - "Let praise be given to the Blessed One" or "Let a blessing be given by the Blessed One"
In contrast to some other colleges, gowns are not worn to formal hall, though they are still required at special occasions such as the Scholars' dinner and the Founders' and Benefactors' dinner.
The chapel at LMH holds weekly evensong every Friday, with services led by Andrew Foreshew-Cain, as well as Catholic communions and other seasonal services such as the Christmas carol service and the Ash Wednesday service. The LMH Chapel Choir is led by Paul Burke.[71]
^Stamers-Smith, Eileen (3 August 1996). "Sir Reginald Blomfield's Designs for the Garden of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford". Garden History. 24 (1): 114–121. doi:10.2307/1587104. JSTOR1587104.
^"The Daisy". Lady Margaret Hall. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
^Sherrington, Charles Scott (25 March 1949). Goethe on nature and science: the Philip Maurice Deneke lecture delivered at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford on the 4th March 1942. University Press. OCLC664820863.
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