Science (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.

Modern science is typically divided into three major branches that consist of the natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics, astronomy and Earth science), which study nature in the broadest sense; the social sciences (e.g. psychology, sociology, economics, history) which study people and societies; and the formal sciences (e.g. mathematics, logic, theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts. There is disagreement, however, on the formal sciences being a science as they do not rely on empirical evidence. Disciplines that use science, such as engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences.

A

• Acanthochronology – study of cactus spines grown in time ordered sequence.
• Acarology – study of mites and ticks.
• Aceology – science of remedies, or of therapeutics; iamatology.
• Acology – study of medical remedies.
• Acoustics – science of sound.
• Actinobiology – synonymous with radiobiology.
• Adenology – study of glands
• Aedoeology – science of generative organs.
• Aerobiology – study of airborne organisms.
• Aerodonetics – science or study of gliding.
• Aerodynamics – dynamics of gases; science of movement in a flow of air or gas.
• Aerolithology – study of aerolites; meteorites.
• Aeropalynology – study of pollens and spores in atmosphere.
• Aerology – study of the atmosphere.
• Aeronautics – study of navigation through air or space.
• Aerostatics – science of air pressure; art of ballooning.
• Agnoiology – study of ignorance.
• Agonistics – art and theory of prize-fighting.
• Agricultural chemistry – study of influence in chemical processes in plants.
• Agriology – comparative study of primitive peoples.
• Agrobiology – study of plant nutrition; soil yields.
• Agroecology – study of ecological processes applied to agricultural production systems.
• Agrogeology – study of agrominerals.
• Agrology – study of agricultural soils.
• Agronomics – study of productivity of land.
• Agrostology – science or study of grasses.
• Alethiology – study of truth.
• Algebra - study of algebraic structures and manipulation of statements within those structures.
• Algedonics – science of pleasure and pain.
• Algology (botany) – study of algae.
• Algology (medicine) – study of pain.
• Allergology - study of causes and treatment of allergies
• Anaesthesiology – study of anaesthetics.
• Anatomy – study of the structure of the body.
• Andragogy – theory and practice of education of adults.
• Andrology – study of men's physiology.
• Anemology – study of wind.
• Angiology – study of blood flow and lymphatic system.
• Anthropobiology – study of human biology.
• Anthropology – study of human cultures.
• Anthrozoology – study of human-animal interaction.
• Apiology – study of bees.
• Aquatic ecology – study of aquatic environment.
• Arachnology – study of arachnids.
• Archaeology – study of human material remains.
• Archelogy – study of first principles.^[1]
• Archology – science of the origins of government.
• Areology – study of Mars.
• Aretaics – science of virtue.
• Aristology – science or art of dining.
• Aromachology – study of smell and odor.
• Arthrology – study of joints.
• Arthropodology – study of arthropods like insects and arachnids.
• Astacology – science of crayfish.
• Asteroseismology – study of star oscillations.
• Astheniology – study of diseases of weakening and aging.
• Astrobotany – study of plants in space.
• Astrobiology – study of extraterrestrial life.
• Astrodynamics – study of motion of rockets and spacecraft.
• Astrogeology – study of extraterrestrial geology.
• Astronomy – study of celestial bodies and phenomena.
• Astrophysics – study of behaviour of interstellar matter.
• Atmology – the science of aqueous vapor.
• Audiology – study of hearing.
• Autecology – study of ecology of one species.
• Autology – scientific study of oneself.
• Automata theory - study of abstract machines and computational problems
• Auxology – science of growth.
• Avionics – science of electronic devices for aircraft.
• Axiology – science of the ultimate nature of value.

B

• Bacteriology – study of bacteria.
• Balneology – science of the therapeutic use of baths.
• Batrachology – study of frogs.
• Barodynamics – science of the support and mechanics of bridges.
• Barology – study of gravitational force.
• Bathymetry – study of underwater depth of ocean floors or lake floors.
• Batology – the study of brambles.
• Bibliology – study of books.
• Bibliotics – study of documents to determine authenticity.
• Bioecology – study of interaction of life in the environment.
• Biogeochemistry – study of chemistry of the surface of the Earth.
• Biology – study of life.
• Biochemistry – study of chemical processes within and relating to living organism.
• Biomechanics – study of the structure, function and motion of the mechanical aspects of biological systems.
• Biometrics – study of biological measurement for security purposes.
• Bionomics – study of organisms interacting in their environments.
• Biophysics – study of physics of biological phenomena.
• Biopsychology – application of the science of biology to the study of psychology.
• Biotribology – study of friction, wear and lubrication of biological systems.
• Botany – study of plants.
• Bromatology – study of food.
• Bryology – study of mosses and liverworts.

C

• Cacogenics – study of racial degeneration.
• Caliology – study of bird's nests.
• Calorifics – study of heat.
• Cambistry – science of international exchange.
• Campanology – study of bells.
• Carcinology – study of crabs and other crustaceans.
• Cardiology – study of the heart.
• Caricology – study of sedges.
• Carpology – study of fruit.
• Cartography – science of making maps and globes.
• Castrametation – art of designing a camp.
• Catacoustics – science of echoes or reflected sounds.
• Catallactics – science of commercial exchange.
• Catechectics – art of teaching by question and answer.
• Celestial mechanics – study of motion of objects in outer space.
• Cell biology – study of the different structures and functions of both eukaryote and prokaryote cells.
• Cetology – study of whales and dolphins.
• Chalcography – art of engraving on copper or brass.
• Chalcotriptics – art of taking rubbings from ornamental brasses.
• Chaology – study of chaos or chaos theory.
• Characterology – study of development of character.
• Chemistry – study of properties and behaviours of substances.
• Chirocosmetics – beautifying the hands; art of manicure.
• Chirography – study of handwriting or penmanship.
• Chirology – study of the hands.
• Chiropody – medical science of feet.
• Chorology – science of the geographic description of anything.
• Chrematistics – study of wealth; political economy.
• Chromatics – study of color.
• Chronobiology – study of biological rhythms.
• Chrysology – study of precious metals.
• Ciselure – art of chasing metal.
• Classical mechanics – study of motion of macroscopic objects.
• Climatology – study of climate.
• Clinology – study of aging or individual decline after maturity.
• Codicology – study of manuscripts.
• Coleopterology – study of beetles and weevils.
• Cometology – study of comets.
• Computer science – study of processes that interact with data.
• Conchology – study of shells.
• Connectomics – study of connectomes.
• Contact mechanics – study of the deformation of solids that touch each other.
• Coprology – study of feces.
• Cosmetology – study of cosmetics.
• Cosmochemistry – study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions.
• Cosmology – study of the universe.
• Craniology – study of the skull.
• Criminology – study of crime and criminals.
• Cryobiology – study of life under cold conditions.
• Cryptology – study of codes.
• Cryptozoology – study of animals for whose existence there is no conclusive proof.
• Ctetology – study of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
• Cybernetics – study of circular causal processes (such as feedbacks).
• Cyclonology – study of tropical cyclones, e.g. hurricanes.
• Cynology – scientific study of dogs.
• Cytology – study of living cells.

D

• Dactyliology – study of rings.
• Dactylography – study of fingerprints.
• Dactylology – study of sign language.
• Deltiology – collection and study of picture postcards.
• Demography – study of population.
• Demology – study of human behaviour.
• Dendrochronology – study of tree rings.
• Dendrology – study of trees.
• Deontology – theory or study of moral obligation.
• Dermatoglyphics – study of skin patterns and fingerprints.
• Dermatology – study of skin.
• Desmology – study of ligaments.
• Diabology – study of devils.
• Diagraphics – art of making diagrams or drawings.
• Dialectology – study of dialects.
• Dietetics – study of prevention of health conditions and diseases through human nutrition and regulation of diet.
• Dioptrics – study of light refraction.
• Diplomatics – science of deciphering ancient writings and texts.
• Diplomatology – study of diplomats.
• Docimology – art of assaying.
• Dosiology – study of doses.
• Dynamics – study of forces and their effects on motion.
• Dysgenics – study of racial degeneration.

E

• Ecclesiology – study of church affairs.
• Eccrinology – study of excretion.
• Ecology – study of environment.
• Economics – study of material wealth (production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services).
• Edaphology – study of soils.
• Egyptology – study of ancient Egypt.
• Eidology – study of mental imagery.^[2]
• Ekistics – study of human settlement.
• Electrochemistry – study of relations between electricity and chemicals.
• Electrodynamics – study of the effects arising from the interactions of electric currents with magnets, with other currents, or with themselves.
• Electrology – study of electricity.
• Electrostatics – study of static electricity.
• Electromagnetism – study of electromagnetic force.
• Embryology – study of embryos
• Emetology – study of vomiting.
• Emmenology – study of menstruation.
• Endemiology – study of local diseases.
• Endocrinology – study of glands.
• Energetics – study of energy under transformation within various fields.
• Engineering studies – study of engineering.
• Enigmatology – study of enigmas (puzzles).
• Entomology – study of insects.
• Entozoology – study of parasites that live inside larger organisms.
• Enzymology – study of enzymes.
• Ephebiatrics – branch of medicine dealing with adolescence.
• Epidemiology – study of diseases and epidemics.
• Epileptology – study of epilepsy.
• Epistemology – study of grounds of knowledge.
• Eremology – study of deserts.
• Ergology – study of effects of work on humans.
• Ergonomics – study of people at work.
• Escapology – study of freeing oneself from constraints.
• Eschatology – study of death; final matters.
• Ethnobiology – study of dynamic relationships between peoples.
• Ethnobotany – study of a region's plants and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a local culture and people.
• Ethnogeny – study of origins of races or ethnic groups.
• Ethnochoreology – study of dances and its implication in culture.
• Ethnomusicology – study of comparative musical systems.
• Ethnology – study of cultures.
• Ethnomethodology – study of everyday communication and social interaction.
• Ethology – study of natural or biological character.
• Ethonomics – study of economic and ethical principles of a society.
• Etiology – science of causes, especially of disease.
• Etymology – study of origins of words.
• Euthenics – science concerned with improving living conditions.
• Exobiology – study of extraterrestrial life.
• Exoplanetology – study of exoplanets.

F

• Felinology – study of felines.
• Finance – science or study of money management.
• Floristry – art of cultivating and selling flowers.
• Fluid dynamics – study of flow of fluids.
• Fluid mechanics – study of fluids behaviour at rest and in motion.
• Fluid statics – study of fluids behaviour at rest.
• Fluviology – study of watercourses.
• Folkloristics – study of folklore and fables.
• Forestry – study of the creation, management, use, conservation, and repair of forests and associated resources.
• Fracture mechanics – study of the propagation of cracks in materials.
• Futurology – study of future.

G

• Garbology – study of garbage
• Gastroenterology – study of the digestive system
• Gastronomy – study of fine dining
• Gemmology – study of gems and jewels
• Gender Studies – study of gender
• Genealogy – study of descent of families
• Genesiology – study of reproduction and heredity
• Genetics – study of genes
• Geochemistry – study of chemistry of the Earth's crust
• Geochronology – study of measuring geological time
• Geography – study of surface of the earth and its inhabitants
• Geology – study of the rocks of a planet
• Geometry – study the sizes, shapes, positions, angles and dimensions of things.
• Geomorphogeny – study of the characteristics, origins, and development of land forms
• Geomorphology – study of landforms and landform evolution
• Geoponics – study of agriculture
• Geotechnics – study of increasing habitability of the Earth
• Geratology – study of decadence and decay
• Gerocomy – study of old age
• Gerontology – study of the elderly and aging
• Gigantology – study of giants
• Glaciology – study of ice ages and glaciation
• Glossology – study of language; study of the tongue
• Glyptography – art of engraving on gems
• Glyptology – study of gem engravings
• Gnomonics – the art of measuring time using sundials
• Gnosiology – study of knowledge; philosophy of knowledge
• Gnotobiology – study of life in germ-free conditions
• Graminology – study of grasses
• Grammatology – study of systems of writing
• Graphemics – study of systems of representing speech in writing
• Graphology – study of handwriting
• Gromatics – science of surveying
• Gynaecology – study of women's physiology
• Gyrostatics – study of rotating bodies

H

• Haemataulics – study of movement of blood through blood vessels
• Hagiology – study of saints
• Halieutics – study of fishing
• Hamartiology – study of sin
• Harmonics – study of musical acoustics
• Hedonics – part of ethics or psychology dealing with pleasure
• Helcology – study of ulcers
• Heliology – science of the Sun
• Helioseismology – study of Sun's interior by observing its surface oscillations
• Helminthology – study of worms
• Hematology – study of blood
• Hemodynamics – study of the dynamics behind blood circulation
• Hepatology – study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas
• Heredity – study of passing of traits from parents to offspring
• Heresiology – study of heresies
• Hermeology – study of Mercury
• Herpetology – study of reptiles and amphibians
• Hierology – science of sacred matters
• Hippiatrics – study of diseases of horses
• Hippology – study of horses
• Histology – study of the tissues of organisms
• Histopathology – study of changes in tissue due to disease
• Historiography – study of writing history
• Historiology – study of history
• Homiletics – art of preaching
• Home Economics – deals with home and economics
• Hoplology – study of human combative behavior and performance
• Horography – art of constructing sundials or clocks
• Horology – science of time measurement
• Horticulture – study of gardening
• Hydrobiology – study of aquatic organisms
• Hydrodynamics – study of movement in liquids
• Hydrogeology – study of ground water
• Hydrography – study of investigating bodies of water
• Hydrokinetics – study of motion of fluids
• Hydrology – study of water resources
• Hydrometeorology – study of atmospheric moisture
• Hydropathy – study of treating diseases with water
• Hydrostatics – study of fluids behaviour at rest
• Hyetology – science of rainfall
• Hygiastics – science of health and hygiene
• Hygienics – study of sanitation; health
• Hygiology – hygienics; study of cleanliness
• Hygroscopy – study of humidity
• Hygrometry – science of humidity
• Hymnography – study of writing hymns
• Hymnology – study of hymns
• Hypnology – study of sleep; study of hypnosis
• Hypsography – science of measuring heights

I

• Iamatology – study of remedies
• Iatrology – treatise or text on medical topics; study of medicine
• Iatromathematics – archaic practice of medicine in conjunction with astrology
• Ichnography – art of drawing ground plans; a ground plan
• Ichnology – science of fossilized footprints
• Ichthyology – study of fish
• Iconography – study of drawing symbols
• Iconology – study of icons; symbols
• Ideogeny – study of origins of ideas
• Ideology – science of ideas; system of ideas used to justify behaviour
• Idiomology – study of idiom, jargon or dialect
• Idiopsychology – study of the psychology of one's own mind
• Immunochemistry – study of chemistry of the immune system
• Immunogenetics – study of genetic characteristics of immunity
• Immunology – study of immunity
• Immunopathology – study of immunity to disease
• Information technology (IT) – study of the telecommunication and the use of computers
• Insectology – study of insects
• Irenology – study of peace
• Iridology – study of the iris; diagnosis of disease based on the iris of the eye

K

• Kalology – study of beauty
• Karyology – study of cell nuclei
• Kinematics – study of motion
• Kinesics – study of gestural communication
• Kinesiology – study of human movement and posture
• Kinetics – study of forces producing or changing motion
• Koniology – study of atmospheric pollutants and dust
• Ktenology – science of putting people to death
• Kymatology – study of wave motion

L

• Labeorphily – collection and study of beer bottle labels
• Larithmics – study of population statistics
• Laryngology – study of larynx
• Lepidopterology – study of butterflies and moths
• Leprology – study of leprosy
• Lexicology – study of words and their meanings
• Lexigraphy – art of definition of words
• Lichenology – study of lichens
• Library and information science – study of organization, access, collection, and protection/regulation of information, whether in physical or digital forms.
• Limacology – study of slugs
• Limnobiology – study of freshwater ecosystems
• Limnology – study of bodies of fresh water
• Linguistics – study of language
• Liturgiology – study of liturgical forms and church rituals
• Loimology – study of plagues and epidemics
• Loxodromy – study of sailing along rhumb-lines
• Ludology – study of games

M

• Macroeconomics – branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the whole economy
• Magirics – art of cookery
• Magnanerie – art of raising silkworms
• Magnetics – study of magnetism
• Magnetohydrodynamics – study of electrically conducting fluids
• Magnetostatics – study of magnetic fields in systems where the currents are steady
• Malacology – study of molluscs
• Malariology – study of malaria
• Mammalogy – study of mammals
• Manège – art of horsemanship
• Mariology – study of the Virgin Mary
• Marine biology – study of the ocean's ecosystem
• Mastology – study of mammals
• Mathematics – study of magnitude, number, and forms
• Mazology – mammalogy; study of mammals
• Mechanics – study of action of force on bodies
• Meconology – study of or treatise concerning opium
• Media studies – study of mass media
• Medicine – science of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of disease
• Melissopalynology – study of honey
• Melittology – study of bees
• Melology – study of music; musicology
• Mereology – study of part-whole relationships
• Mesology – ecology
• Metallogeny – study of the origin and distribution of metal deposits
• Metallography – study of the structure and constitution of metals
• Metallurgy – study of alloying and treating metals
• Metaphysics – study of principles of nature and thought
• Metapolitics – study of politics in theory or abstract
• Metapsychology – study of nature of the mind
• Metascience – study of science
• Meteoritics – study of meteors
• Meteorology – study of weather
• Methodology – the study or description of methods
• Methyology – study of alcohol
• Metrics – study of versification
• Metrology – science of weights and measures
• Microanatomy – study of microscopic tissues
• Microbial ecology – study of microbial environment
• Microbiology – study of microscopic organisms
• Microclimatology – study of local climates
• Microeconomics – branch of economics that studies the behavior of individual households and firms in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources
• Micrology – study or discussion of trivialities
• Micropalaeontology – study of microscopic fossils
• Microphytology – study of very small plant life
• Microscopy – study of minute objects
• Mineralogy – study of minerals
• Molecular biology – study of the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells
• Molinology – study of mills and milling
• Momilogy – study of mummies
• Morphology – study of forms and the development of structures
• Muscology – study of mosses
• Museology – study of museums
• Musicology – study of music
• Mycology – study of fungi
• Myology – study of muscles
• Myrmecology – study of ants
• Mythology – study of myths; fables; tales

N

• Naology – study of church or temple architecture
• Nasology – Parody nose classification
• Nautics – study and art of navigation
• Necroplanetology – study of the destruction of planets^[3]
• Nematology – study of nematodes
• Neonatology – study of newborn babies
• Neossology – study of nestling birds
• Nephology – study of clouds
• Nephrology – study of the kidneys
• Neurobiology – study of anatomy of the nervous system
• Neuroeconomics – study of human decision making and the ability to process multiple alternatives and to choose an optimal course of action
• Neurology – study of nervous system
• Neuropsychology – study of relation between brain and behaviour
• Neuroscience – study of development, work and structure of nervous system
• Neurypnology – study of hypnotism
• Neutrosophy – study of the origin and nature of philosophical neutralities
• Nomology – the science of the laws; especially of the mind
• Noology – science of the intellect
• Nosology – study of diseases
• Nostology – study of senility
• Notaphily – study and collecting of bank-notes and cheques
• Numerology – pseudoscientific study of numbers
• Numismatics – study of coins
• Nymphology – study of nymphs
• Nanotechnology – study of nanite

O

• Obstetrics – study of midwifery
• Oceanography – study of oceans
• Oceanology – study of oceans
• Odontology – study of teeth
• Odonatology– study of dragonflies and damselflies
• Oenology – study of wines
• Oikology – science of housekeeping
• Olfactology – study of the sense of smell
• Ombrology – study of rain
• Oncology – study of tumours
• Oneirology – study of dreams
• Onomasiology – study of nomenclature
• Onomastics – study of proper names
• Ontology – science of pure being; the nature of things
• Oology – study of eggs
• Ophiology – study of snakes
• Ophthalmology – study of eye diseases
• Optics – study of light
• Optology – study of sight
• Optometry – science of examining the eyes
• Orchidology – study of orchids
• Ornithology – study of birds
• Organology (biology) – study of form, structure, development, and functions of plant or animal organs
• Organology (musicology) – study of musical instruments in relation to history, culture, construction, acoustic properties and classification
• Orology – study of mountains
• Orthoepy – study of correct pronunciation
• Orthography – study of spelling
• Orthopterology – study of cockroaches
• Oryctology – mineralogy or paleontology
• Osmics – scientific study of smells
• Osmology – study of smells and olfactory processes
• Osphresiology – study of the sense of smell
• Osteology – study of bones
• Otology – study of the ear
• Otorhinolaryngology – study of ear, nose and throat

P

• Paedology – study of children
• Paidonosology – study of children's diseases; pediatrics
• Palaeoanthropology – study of early humans
• Palaeobiology – study of fossil plants and animals
• Palaeoclimatology – study of ancient climates
• Palaeoichthyology – study of ancient fish
• Palaeolimnology – study of ancient lakes
• Palaeontology – study of fossils
• Palaeopedology – study of early soils
• Paleobotany – study of ancient plants
• Paleo-osteology – study of ancient bones
• Palynology – study of pollen
• Papyrology – study of paper
• Paradoxology – study of paradoxes
• Parapsychology – study of unexplained mental phenomena
• Parasitology – study of parasites
• Paroemiology – study of proverbs
• Parthenology – study of virgins
• Pataphysics – science of imaginary solutions
• Pathology – study of disease
• Patrology – study of early Christianity
• Pedagogics – study of teaching
• Pedology – study of soils
• Pelology – study of mud
• Penology – study of crime and punishment
• Periodontics – study of gums
• Peristerophily – pigeon-collecting
• Pestology – science of pests
• Petrology – study of rocks
• Pharmacognosy – study of drugs of animal and plant origin
• Pharmacology – study of drugs
• Pharology – study of lighthouses
• Pharyngology – study of the throat
• Phenology – study of organisms as affected by climate
• Phenomenology – study of phenomena
• Philematology – act or study of kissing
• Phillumeny – collecting of matchbox labels
• Philology – study of ancient texts; historical linguistics
• Philosophy – science of knowledge or wisdom
• Phoniatrics – study and correction of speech defects
• Phonology – study of speech sounds
• Photobiology – study of effects of light on organisms
• Photonics – study of photons
• Phraseology – study of phrases
• Phrenology – study of bumps on the head
• Phycology – study of algae and seaweeds
• Physics – study of properties of matter, force and energy
• Physiology – study of processes of life
• Phytology – study of plants; botany
• Piscatology – study of fishes
• Pisteology – science or study of faith
• Planetology – study of planets
• Plumology – study of feathers
• Plutology – political economy; study of wealth
• Pneumatics – study of mechanics of gases
• Pneumonology – study of diseases involving the respiratory tract
• Podiatry – study and treatment of disorders of the foot; chiropody
• Podology – study of the feet
• Political science – study of politics
• Polemology – study of war
• Pomology – study of fruit-growing
• Pogonology – study of beards
• Posology – science of quantity or dosage
• Potamology – study of rivers
• Praxeology – study of practical or efficient activity; science of efficient action
• Primatology – study of primates
• Proctology – study of rectum, anus, and colon
• Prosody – study of versification
• Protistology – study of protists
• Proxemics – study of man's need for personal space
• Psalligraphy – art of paper-cutting to make pictures
• Psephology – study of election results and voting trends
• Pseudology – art or science of lying
• Pseudoptics – study of optical illusions
• Psychobiology – study of biology of the mind
• Psychogenetics – study of internal or mental states
• Psychognosy – study of mentality, personality or character
• Psycholinguistics – study of relationship between psychology and language
• Psychology – study of mind
• Psychopathology – study of mental illness
• Psychophysics – study of link between mental and physical processes
• Pteridology – study of ferns
• Pterylology – study of distribution of feathers on birds
• Punnology – study of puns^[4]
• Pyretology – study of fevers
• Pyrgology – study of towers
• Pyroballogy – study of artillery
• Pyrography – study of woodburning
• Pyrotechnics – study of combustion through fire or explosions

Q

• Quantum computing – the exploitation of collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform computation.
• Quantum mechanics – a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles
• Quantum physics – the study of matter and energy at the most fundamental level
• Queer theory – study of issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity
• Quinology – study of quinine.

R

• Raciology – study of racial differences
• Radiobiology – study of the scientific principles, mechanisms, and effects of the interaction of ionizing radiation with living matter
• Radiochemistry – study of ordinary chemical reactions under radioactive circumstances
• Radiology – study of X-rays and their medical applications
• Reflexology – study of reflexes
• Rheology – science of the deformation or flow of matter
• Rheumatology – study of rheumatism
• Rhinology – study of the nose
• Rhochrematics – science of inventory management and the movement of products
• Robotics – deals with the designing, construction, and operation of robots
• Runology – study of runes

S

• Sarcology – study of fleshy parts of the body
• Satanology – study of the devil
• Scatology – study of excrement or obscene literature
• Schematonics – art of using gesture to express tones
• Sciagraphy – art of shading
• Scripophily – collection of bond and share certificates
• Sedimentology – study of sediment
• Seismology – study of earthquakes
• Selenodesy – study of the shape and features of the Moon
• Selenology – study of the Moon
• Semantics – study of meaning
• Semantology – science of meanings of words
• Semasiology – study of meaning; semantics
• Semiology – study of signs and signals
• Semiotics – study of signs and symbols
• Serology – study of serums
• Sexology – study of sexual behaviour
• Siderology – study of iron and its alloys, including steel
• Significs – science of meaning
• Silvics – study of tree's life
• Sindonology – study of the shroud of Turin
• Sinology – study of China
• Sitology – dietetics
• Sociobiology – study of biological basis of human behaviour
• Sociolinguistics – study of how society affects language
• Sociology – study of society
• Solid mechanics – study of behaviour of solid materials
• Somatology – science of substances
• Sophiology – science of ideas
• Soteriology – study of theological salvation
• Snow hydrology – study of snow
• Spectrology – study of ghosts
• Spectroscopy – study of spectra
• Speleology – study and exploration of caves
• Spermology – study of seeds
• Sphagnology – study of peat moss
• Sphygmology – study of the pulse
• Splanchnology – study of the entrails or viscera
• Spongology – study of sponges
• Stasiology – study of political parties
• Statics – study of bodies and forces in equilibrium
• Stellar astronomy – study of stars, their origins, and their evolution.
• Stemmatology – study of relationships between text
• Stereochemistry – study of chemistry of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation.
• Stoichiology – science of elements of animal tissues
• Stomatology – study of the mouth
• Storiology – study of folk tales
• Stratigraphy – study of geological layers or strata
• Stratography – art of leading an army
• Stylometry – studying literature by means of statistical analysis
• Suicidology – study of suicide
• Supramolecular chemistry – study of the chemistry of assembled molecular sub-units
• Symbology – study of symbols
• Symptomatology – study of symptoms of illness
• Synecology – study of ecological communities
• Synectics – study of processes of invention
• Syntax – study of sentence structure
• Syphilology – study of syphilis
• Systematics – study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present
• Systems science – study of systems

T

• Taxidermy – art of curing and stuffing animals
• Taxonomy – study of plant, animals and microorganisms classification
• Tectonics – science of structure of objects, buildings and landforms
• Tegestology – study and collecting of beer mats
• Teleology – study of final causes; analysis in terms of purpose
• Telmatology – study of swamps
• Tempestology – study of tropical cyclones, e.g. hurricanes
• Teratology – study of birth defects and later abnormalities in living organisms
• Terrestrial ecology – study of terrestrial environment
• Teuthology – study of cephalopods
• Textology – study of the production of texts
• Thalassography – science of the sea
• Thanatology – study of death and its customs
• Thaumatology – study of miracles
• Theology - study of religion
• Theoretical computer science – science combining computer science and mathematics
• Theriogenology – study of animals' reproductive systems
• Thermodynamics – study of relation of heat to motion
• Thermokinematics – study of motion of heat
• Thermology – study of heat
• Therology – study of wild mammals
• Thremmatology – science of breeding domestic animals and plants
• Threpsology – science of nutrition
• Tidology – study of tides
• Timbrology – study of postage stamps
• Tocology – obstetrics; midwifery
• Tokology – study of childbirth
• Tonetics – study of pronunciation
• Topography – study of the shape and features of land surfaces
• Topology – study of places and their natural features
• Toponymics – study of place-names
• Toreutics – study of artistic work in metal
• Toxicology – study of poisons
• Toxophily – love of archery; archery; study of archery
• Traumatology – study of wounds and their effects
• Tribology – study of friction and wear between surfaces
• Trichology – study of hair and its disorders
• Trophology – study of nutrition
• Tsiganology – study of gypsies
• Turbology – study of tornadoes
• Turnery – art of turning in a lathe
• Typhlology – study of blindness and the blind
• Typography – art of printing or using type
• Typology – study of types of things

U

• Uranography – descriptive astronomy and mapping
• Uranology – study of the heavens; astronomy
• Urbanology – study of cities
• Urenology – study of rust molds
• Urology – study of urine and the urinary tract

V

• Venereology – study of venereal disease
• Veterinary medicine – study of medicine in domesticated animals
• Vexillology – study of flags
• Victimology – study of victims
• Vinology – scientific study of vines and winemaking
• Virology – study of viruses
• Vitrics – study of glassy materials; glassware
• Volcanology – study of volcanoes

X

• Xenobiology – study of biological systems which do not exist in nature
• Xylography – art of engraving on wood
• Xylology – study of wood

Z

• Zenography – study of the planet Jupiter
• Zooarchaeology – study of animal remains of archaeological sites
• Zoochemistry – study of chemistry of animals
• Zoogeography – study of geographic distribution of animals
• Zoogeology – study of fossil animal remains
• Zoology – study of animals
• Zoonomy – study of animal physiology
• Zoonosology – study of animal diseases
• Zoopathology – study of animal diseases
• Zoophysics – physics of animal bodies
• Zoophysiology – study of physiology of animals
• Zoophytology – study of plant-like animals
• Zoosemiotics – study of animal communication
• Zootaxy – science of classifying animals
• Zootechnics – science of breeding animals
• Zygology – science of joining and fastening
• Zymology – science of fermentation
• Zymurgy – branch of chemistry dealing with brewing and distilling
• Zythology – study of beer