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The Oceania Portal

An orthographic projection of Oceania

Oceania (UK: /ˌoʊsiˈɑːniə, ˌoʊʃi-, -ˈeɪn-/ OH-s(h)ee-AH-nee-ə, -⁠AY-, US: /ˌoʊʃiˈæniə, -ˈɑːn-/ ^ⓘ OH-shee-A(H)N-ee-ə) is a geographical region including Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Outside of the English-speaking world, Oceania is generally considered a continent, while Australia is regarded as an island or a continental landmass contained inside of the larger continent of Oceania. Spanning the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, at the centre of the water hemisphere, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres (3,500,000 sq mi) and a population of around 44.4 million as of 2022. When compared to the continents (which it is often compared to, not including Australia), Oceania is the smallest in land area and the second-least populated after Antarctica.

Oceania has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial markets of Australia, French Polynesia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, and New Zealand, which rank high in quality of life and Human Development Index, to the much less developed economies of Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Western New Guinea, while also including medium-sized economies of Pacific islands such as Fiji, Palau, and Tonga. The largest and most populous country in Oceania is Australia, and the largest city is Sydney. Puncak Jaya in Highland Papua, Indonesia, is the highest peak in Oceania at 4,884 m (16,024 ft).

The arrival of European settlers in subsequent centuries resulted in a significant alteration in the social and political landscape of Oceania. The Pacific theatre saw major action during the First World War with the Japanese occupying many German territories. During the Second World War, Allied powers including the United States, Philippines (a U.S. Commonwealth at the time) and Australia fought against Axis power Japan across various locations in Oceania. (Full article...)

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Vanuatu and New Caledonia, Matthew and Hunter Islands on the bottom right.

Hunter Island and Matthew Island are two small and uninhabited volcanic islands in the South Pacific, located 300 kilometres (190 mi) east of New Caledonia and south-east of Vanuatu archipelago. Hunter Island and Matthew Island, 70 km (43 mi) apart, are claimed by Vanuatu as part of Tafea Province, and considered by the people of Aneityum part of their custom ownership, and were claimed by France as part of New Caledonia.

Small, arid, without fresh water and not easily accessible, the islands had no interest for Britain or France during their colonisation of the Pacific in the course of the 18th and 19th centuries. France officially annexed both islands in 1929. In 1965, the United Kingdom also claimed the two islands, as part of the New Hebrides. France conducted a symbolic occupation in 1975. In 1980, on its independence, Vanuatu claimed sovereignty, but made no occupation of the islands. In 1979, Météo-France set up an automatic weather station on one of the islands, and the French Navy regularly visits both of them. (Full article...)

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Membership (dark blue) of the Pacific Islands Forum.

The Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) is an inter-governmental organization that aims to enhance cooperation among countries and territories of Oceania, including formation of a trade bloc and regional peacekeeping operations. It was founded in 1971 as the South Pacific Forum (SPF), and changed its name in 1999 to "Pacific Islands Forum", so as to be more inclusive of the Forum's Oceania-spanning membership of both north and south Pacific island countries, including Australia. It is a United Nations General Assembly observer.

The mission of the Pacific Islands Forum is "to work in support of Forum member governments, to enhance the economic and social well-being of the people of the South Pacific by fostering cooperation between governments and between international agencies, and by representing the interests of Forum members in ways agreed by the Forum". Its decisions are implemented by the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS), which grew out of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic Co-operation (SPEC). As well as its role in harmonising regional positions on various political and policy issues, the Forum Secretariat has technical programmes in economic development, transport and trade. The Pacific Islands Forum Secretary General is the permanent Chairman of the Council of Regional Organisations in the Pacific (CROP). (Full article...)

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... that Michaela Foster, a New Zealand footballer playing in the 2023 World Cup, is known for her mana?

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The following are images from various Oceania-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Map from 1961 of the US Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, formerly Japan's South Seas Mandate. (from Micronesia)
Image 2Manila Galleon in the Marianas and Carolinas, c. 1590 Boxer Codex (from Micronesia)
Image 3Canoe carving on Nanumea atoll, Tuvalu (from Polynesia)
Image 4Carving from the ridgepole of a Māori house, ca 1840 (from Polynesia)
Image 5Painting of Tahitian Women on the Beach by Paul Gauguin—Musée d'Orsay (from Polynesia)
Image 6Köppen-Geiger climate classification map of Melanesia (from Melanesia)
Image 7A Melanesian child from Vanuatu (from Melanesia)
Image 8Grinding stones discovered from archaeology in Samoa (from Polynesia)
Image 9Polynesia is generally defined as the islands within the Polynesian Triangle. (from Polynesia)
Image 10Polynesian (Hawaiian) navigators sailing multi-hulled canoe, c. 1781 (from Polynesia)
Image 11Aerial view of Solomon Islands (from Melanesia)
Image 12Polynesians with outrigger canoes at Waikiki Beach, Oahu Island, early 20th century (from Polynesia)
Image 13Mokoliʻi Isle near Oahu, Hawaii (from Polynesia)
Image 14Cinder plain of Mount Yasur in Vanuatu (from Melanesia)
Image 15A common fishing canoe va'a with outrigger in Savaiʻi island, Samoa, 2009 (from Polynesia)
Image 16Melanesia is one of three major cultural areas of the Pacific Ocean islands, along with Micronesia and Polynesia. (from Melanesia)
Image 17Sailors of Melanesia in the Pacific Ocean, 1846 (from Melanesia)
Image 18German trading station at Jaluit Atoll with a Marshallese korkor outrigger canoe in the foreground (from Micronesia)
Image 19Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange) (from Polynesia)
Image 20New Caledonia (from Melanesia)
Image 21Cook's Bay on Moorea, French Polynesia (from Polynesia)
Image 22The Polynesian spread of colonization in the Pacific (from Polynesia)
Image 23King Kamehameha I receiving the Russian naval expedition of Otto von Kotzebue. Drawing by Louis Choris in 1816. (from Polynesia)
Image 24A pan flute from Solomon Islands, 19th century (from Melanesia)
Image 25The arrival of Abel Tasman in Tongatapu, 1643; drawing by Isaack Gilsemans (from Polynesia)
Image 26Polynesia is one of three major cultural areas of the Pacific Ocean islands, along with Melanesia and Micronesia. (from Polynesia)
Image 27Map showing the migration and expansion of the Austronesians which began at about 3000 BC from Taiwan. The Polynesian branch is shown in green. (from Polynesia)
Image 28Map of Melanesia, showing its location within Oceania (from Melanesia)
Image 29Kili Island is one of the smallest islands in the Marshall Islands. (from Micronesia)
Image 30On February 14, 1779, Capt. James Cook was killed on the island of Hawaii (from Polynesia)
Image 31Moai at Ahu Tongariki on Rapa Nui (from Polynesia)
Image 32Spinner dolphins (from Micronesia)
Image 33Beach scenery at Laura, Majuro, Marshall Islands (from Micronesia)
Image 34Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange) (from Micronesia)
Image 35Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa from 1998 to 2021, who initiated the Polynesian Leaders Group in late 2011. (from Polynesia)
Image 36Chronological dispersal of Austronesian peoples across the Indo-Pacific (from Micronesia)
Image 37A depiction of a royal heiau (Hawaiian temple) at Kealakekua Bay, c. 1816 (from Polynesia)
Image 38Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange) (from Melanesia)
Image 39Languages of Micronesia. (from Micronesia)
Image 40Māori war canoe drawn after James Cook's voyage to New Zealand. (from Polynesia)
Image 41Subregions (Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia and Australasia), as well as sovereign and dependent islands of Oceania (from Micronesia)
Image 42Mount Marpi in Saipan. (from Micronesia)
Image 43An illustration of the Cross Spikes Club of the US Navy on Bikini Atoll, one of several Marshall Islands used for atomic bomb tests. (from Micronesia)
Image 44Image of the Castle Bravo nuclear test, detonated on 1 March 1954, at Bikini Atoll (from Micronesia)
Image 45Australia's concept of Australasia, which includes Australia, New Zealand and, in this case, Melanesia (from Australasia)
Image 46German New Guinea before and after the German-Spanish treaty of 1899 (from Micronesia)
Image 47Chronological dispersal of Austronesian peoples across the Indo-Pacific (from Melanesia)
Image 48Subregions (Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and Australasia), as well as sovereign and dependent islands of Oceania (from Polynesia)
Image 49Tarawa Atoll (from Micronesia)
Image 50Micronesia is one of three major cultural areas of the Pacific Ocean islands, along with Melanesia and Polynesia. (from Micronesia)
Image 51Chamorro people in 1915 (from Micronesia)

Topics

Countries and territories of Oceania

Sovereign states

Entire	Australia Fiji Kiribati Marshall Islands Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu
In part	Chile Easter Island Juan Fernández Islands Ecuador Galápagos Islands Indonesia Central Papua Highland Papua Papua South Papua Southwest Papua West Papua Japan Daitō Islands Nanpō Islands United States Hawaii Palmyra Atoll

Associated states

Dependencies and
other territories

Australia	Ashmore and Cartier Islands Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Coral Sea Islands Norfolk Island
France	Clipperton Island French Polynesia New Caledonia Wallis and Futuna
New Zealand	Tokelau
United Kingdom	Pitcairn Islands
United States	American Samoa Baker Island Guam Howland Island Jarvis Island Johnston Atoll Kingman Reef Midway Atoll Northern Mariana Islands Wake Island

v t e Capitals of Oceania
Dependent territories are in italics
Australasia	Canberra, Australia Wellington, New Zealand¹
Melanesia	Honiara, Solomon Islands Nouméa, New Caledonia² Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea³ Port Vila, Vanuatu Suva, Fiji
Micronesia	Hagåtña, Guam⁴ Majuro, Marshall Islands⁵ Ngerulmud, Palau⁵ Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia⁵ Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands⁴ South Tarawa, Kiribati Yaren, Nauru (de facto)
Polynesia	Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands⁶ Alofi, Niue⁷ Apia, Samoa Avarua, Cook Islands⁷ Fakaofo, Tokelau⁸ Funafuti, Tuvalu Mata Utu, Wallis and Futuna (de facto)² Nukuʻalofa, Tonga Pago Pago, American Samoa⁴ Papeete, French Polynesia²
¹Often included in Polynesia ²Overseas collectivities or sui generis collectivity of France ³Often included in Australasia ⁴Insular area of the United States ⁵In free association with the United States ⁶Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom ⁷In free association with New Zealand ⁸New Zealand dependent territory