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((Use mdy dates|date=July 2023))
((more citations needed|date=January 2011))
((Infobox settlement
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| name                    = Wheaton, Maryland
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))
'''Wheaton''' is a census-designated [[Census-designated place|place]] in [[Montgomery County, Maryland|Montgomery County]], [[Maryland]], United States, situated north of [[Washington, D.C.]], and northwest of downtown [[Silver Spring, Maryland|Silver Spring]]. Wheaton takes its name from [[Frank Wheaton]] (1833–1903), a career [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]] in the [[United States Army]] and volunteer from [[Rhode Island]] in the [[Union Army]] who rose to the rank of [[major-general]] while serving before, during and after the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].

Wheaton was found to have a population of 52,150 in the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref name="QuickFacts">((cite web |title=QuickFacts: Wheaton CDP, Maryland |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/wheatoncdpmaryland/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=17 August 2021))</ref> The [[United States Postal Service]] has assigned [[ZIP code]] 20902 to Wheaton, but the Wheaton Post Office is a part of the larger Silver Spring area. Downtown Wheaton is located around the triangle formed by [[Maryland Route 586|Veirs Mill Road]], [[Maryland Route 193|University Boulevard]], and [[Georgia Avenue]].

==History ==
===The Three Great Roads===
Wheaton developed from Leesborough (named in 1826), a small business district which grew near the junction of three major roads: The first of these is [[Maryland Route 97|Brookeville Pike]] (also known as the Washington-Brookeville Pike and later as the Union Turnpike, now Georgia Avenue) a north/south toll thoroughfare running from [[Washington, D.C.]], to [[Brookeville, Maryland|Brookeville]], and eventually to [[Baltimore]].

The second road, [[Maryland Route 586|Veirs Mill Road]] (named after a grist and sawmill built on [[Rock Creek (Potomac River)|Rock Creek]] by Samuel Clark Veirs in 1838<ref name="veirs mill">((cite web|url=http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=78|title=Veirs Mill Historical Marker))</ref>), was one portion of a much longer thoroughfare connecting westwards to [[Rockville, Maryland]], and thence towards the [[Potomac River]] and subsequently to [[Virginia]] via ferry crossings. This was also known as the "City Road" in Rockville, and around the time of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] it was known also as the "New Cut Road."<ref name="Civil War Defenses of Washington Chapter VII">((cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/civilwar/hrs1-7.htm|title=Civil War Defenses of Washington Chapter VII))</ref><ref name="The History Of Montgomery County, Maryland, From Its Earliest Settlement In 1650 to 1879 (Boyd, T. H. S.)">The History Of Montgomery County, Maryland, From Its Earliest Settlement In 1650 to 1879 (Boyd, T. H. S.)</ref>

The last of these roads was known as [[Maryland Route 193|Old Bladensburg Road]] (now University Boulevard) which, as it does in present day, connected [[Georgetown, Washington, D.C.|Georgetown]], [[Bethesda, Maryland|Bethesda]], [[Chevy Chase, Maryland|Chevy Chase]], [[Kensington, Maryland|Kensington]], Wheaton, [[Silver Spring, Maryland|Silver Spring]], and [[Bladensburg, Maryland|Bladensburg]].<ref name="MC history">((cite web|url=http://www.wheatonmd.org/_files/docs/wheatonhistoryfinal.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221010/http://www.wheatonmd.org/_files/docs/wheatonhistoryfinal.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-10 |url-status=live|title=A History of Wheaton (Discover Wheaton), Montgomery County Government))</ref>

===Mitchell's Crossroads===
The business district subsequently became known as Mitchell's Crossroads, named after Robert T. Mitchell's tavern, which was located at northeast corner of Union Turnpike (renamed from Brookeville Pike; now Georgia Avenue) and Old Bladensburg Road (now University Boulevard).

[[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] [[General officers in the Confederate States Army|General]] [[Jubal Early]]'s troops marched through the area of their way to invade [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name= centuries>Sween, Jane C.; Offutt, William. ''Montgomery County: Centuries of Change''.  American Historical Press, 1999.  ((ISBN|1-892724-05-7)).</ref> [[General (United States)|Union General]] Frank Wheaton successfully led a [[Division (military)|division]] to defend Washington, D.C., fighting off an invasion by the Confederate troops at the [[Battle of Fort Stevens]] in 1864.<ref name="MC history"/><ref>"[http://search.proquest.com]/docview/144298012/ ARMY CORPS HISTORY: Brilliant Records of the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh]. ''The Washington Post''. September 15, 1902. p. 4.</ref><ref>"Gen. Wheaton is Dead: Won His Rank Through Bravery in Battle]". ''The Washington Post'' June 19, 1903. p. 9.</ref> The area also saw them retreat through the area after the failed invasion.<ref name= centuries/>

Mitchell's Tavern was thought to exist since around 1865, and it stood until 1940 when it was destroyed by a fire.<ref name="MC history"/>

===After the Civil War===
[[File:Dunkin' Donuts, Georgia Avenue and Reedie Drive, Wheaton, Maryland (c. 1967).png|thumb|A [[Dunkin' Donuts]] store on Wheaton's Georgia Avenue ((circa)) 1967; the restaurant is still operating there today.]]
[[File:11001 Georgia Ave.jpg|thumb|Former entrance sign for Wheaton, Maryland. This sign has since been removed and replaced with a different sign.]]
Following the end of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], the area's first [[postmaster]] was George F. Plyer.<ref name="townnamed">"[http://search.proquest.com/docview/141145536/] Town Named After Leader in Civil War]". ''The Washington Post''. p. C2.</ref> In October 1869, Plyer, a war veteran, renamed the post office in honor of his commanding officer, General Wheaton.<ref name= centuries/>

For many years after the Civil War, the Wheaton area was being only lightly used, mostly for farming, or was undeveloped. In 1871, the first African American Church, Allen Chapel AME Church, was established in this small undeveloped area. This religious body maintained its presence in the Wheaton community until 2000, at which time the New Creation Church purchased the property.  Into the early 20th century, civic growth was slow, with a few new businesses being established along the major roads. But as the capital region started to rapidly grow after World War II, Wheaton quickly expanded. The area's first modern post office opened in 1947 (earlier records show that the post office had used the Leesborough name). In addition, the [[Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission]] (WSSC) was active, adding new utility infrastructure to the area; as part of that work, and just north of Wheaton, the prominent [[Glenmont, Maryland|Glenmont]] Water Tower was constructed in 1947. And then starting soon thereafter, in 1948, Wheaton was steadily built-out, by several developers (Kay Construction Co., in particular), becoming a part of the modern-day suburbs of Washington, D.C. Today, as an unincorporated town, Wheaton is governed locally by the civic government of Montgomery County.<ref name="montgomery county">((cite web|url=http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/council/district_map.html|title=Montgomery County Voting Districts))</ref> For some modern information databases, such as official Real Estate records, Wheaton (along with several neighboring locales) is considered to be a sub-section of larger Silver Spring.

== Demographics ==
((US Census population
|2010= 48284
|2020= 52150
|footnote=source:<ref>((cite web
 |url          = https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title        = Census of Population and Housing|publisher    = [[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date   = March 19, 2007
 ))</ref><br>2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/>
))
In the 1950s the area was developed with Cape Cod, ranch houses, and split level homes purchased by white, largely middle class, families; a mix of blue collar and white collar workers.  Now, more of this older housing stock is owned or rented by a diverse population.<ref name=wp215/>
{|class="Wikitable" align=left 
|+Wheaton, Maryland<br/> Census data
!Year!!Non-Hispanic White!!Hispanic/Latino!!Asian!!Black!!Multiracial
|-
| align=center | 1990<ref name=wp215>((cite news|title=Wheaton seeks bridge across cultures|first=Brigid|last=Schulte|date=February 15, 2011|work=The Washington Post|page=B1))</ref>||align= right | 61%||align= right | 13%||align= right | 10%||align= right | 15%||align= right | &nbsp;
|-
| align=center | 2000|| align= right | 38%||align= right | 29%||align= right | 12%||align= right | 17%||align= right | 6%
|-
| align=center | 2010||align= right | 26%||align= right | 42%||align= right | 12%||align= right | 18%||align= right | 5%
|-
| align=center | 2020||align= right | 33.88%||align= right | 30.96%||align= right | 13.29%||align= right | 15.64%||align= right | 5.14%
|}As of 2010-2020, Wheaton is 23.8% [[White Americans|White]], 40.5% [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]], 18.5% [[African American]] (4.1% [[Ethiopian Americans|Ethiopian]], 1.3% [[Jamaican Americans|Jamaican]]), and 13.9% [[Asian Americans|Asian]] (4.42% [[Vietnamese Americans|Vietnamese]], 3.72% [[Filipino Americans|Filipino]], 1.67% [[Chinese Americans|Chinese]], 1.59% [[Indian Americans|Indian]]). 2.4% of the population identified as [[Multiracial Americans|mixed-race]]. The largest immigrant groups were from El Salvador, Ethiopia, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Honduras.<ref>((Cite web |title=The Demographic Statistical Atlas of the United States - Statistical Atlas |url=https://statisticalatlas.com/place/Maryland/Wheaton/Ancestry |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=statisticalatlas.com))</ref>

Between 2000 and 2010, Wheaton's Hispanic population has increased from 29% to 42%. Wheaton's Hispanic population is highly ethnically diverse - as of the 2010 Census, Wheaton is 18.5% [[Salvadoran Americans|Salvadoran]], 3.2% [[Mexican Americans|Mexican]], 2.8% [[Guatemalan Americans|Guatemalan]], 2.3% [[Peruvian Americans|Peruvian]], 2.3% [[Honduran Americans|Honduran]], 1.3% [[Dominican Americans|Dominican]], 1.2% [[Nicaraguan Americans|Nicaraguan]], 1% [[Bolivian Americans|Bolivian]], 0.9% [[Colombian Americans|Colombian]], 0.8% [[Puerto Ricans in the United States|Puerto Rican]], 0.7% [[Ecuadorian Americans|Ecuadorians]], 0.3% [[Cuban Americans|Cuban]], 0.3% [[Chilean Americans|Chilean]], and 0.3% [[Argentine Americans|Argentine]], all numbering over 100 residents.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|title=U.S. Census website|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2017-07-19))</ref> 16.5% of Wheaton's residents were [[White Hispanic and Latino Americans|White Hispanics/Latinos]], 1% were [[Black Hispanic and Latino Americans|Afro-Hispanics/Afro-Latinos]], 0.6% were [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian]] or [[Alaska Natives|Alaska Native]] [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Hispanics/Latinos]], 0.2% were [[Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans|Asian-American Hispanics/Latinos]], 3% were Hispanics/Latinos of [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]], and 20.5% were Hispanics/Latinos from some other race.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|title=Community Facts|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2017-07-25))</ref>

Local gang issues. In 2020 local prosecutors outlined in a 28 page indictment that 21 MS-13 Gang members had committed crimes against 18 victims. Of the 18 victims, 9 were in Wheaton. The crimes against Wheaton residents includes murder, attempted murder with a gun, assault and racketeering.<ref>((Cite web|date=2018-07-05|title=Federal Prosecutors Charge MS-13 Gang Members Suspected in Wheaton Regional Park Death|url=https://bethesdamagazine.com/bethesda-beat/courts/federal-prosecutors-charge-ms-13-gang-members-suspected-in-wheaton-regional-park-death/|access-date=2020-09-10|website=Bethesda Magazine|language=en-US))</ref>

==Features==
[[File:Brookside Gardens.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Brookside Gardens in Wheaton Regional Park]]
[[File:Wheaton Station long exposure.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Platform at [[Wheaton station (Washington Metro)|Wheaton station]]]]
[[File:Wheaton Library and Recreation Center.jpg|thumb|The New Library and Recreation Center, Which Opened on September 8, 2019.]]
Wheaton is home to the [[Wheaton Regional Park]], which includes a nature center; riding stables; dog park; a picnic area with [[carousel]] and miniature train; an athletic complex with indoor tennis, ice rink, inline skating rink, and ball fields; and [[Brookside Gardens]], Montgomery County's 50-acre (200,000-m²) [[botanical garden|public display garden]]. Much of Wheaton was developed in the 1950s. In the 1960s its shopping center, Wheaton Plaza (now known as [[Westfield Wheaton]]), was the largest in the Maryland suburbs of Washington, D.C. 
The Wheaton Volunteer Rescue Squad is one of the busiest (11,000 calls in 2007) predominantly volunteer fire departments in Montgomery County. The diversity of the neighborhood is reflected by the high concentration of various ethnic restaurants located in Wheaton.<ref>((Cite web|title=Dining :: Wheaton MD|url=https://www.wheatonmd.org/dining/restaurants|access-date=2021-03-10|website=www.wheatonmd.org))</ref>

It is served by the [[Red Line (Washington Metro)|Red Line]] of the [[Washington Metro]] system. Spanning 508 feet (155 m), the [[Wheaton station (Washington Metro)|Wheaton station]] has the [[Escalator|longest escalator]] in the Western Hemisphere.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/custom/2005/06/03/CU2005060301365.html The Five Longest Rides]. ''[[The Washington Post]]''. 2005-06-03. Retrieved 2007-12-11.</ref><ref>Carroll, Caitlin. [http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2005/09/19/Life/Whats.The.Deal.With.The.Wheaton.Metro.Station.Escalator-989091.shtml What's the deal with... the Wheaton Metro station escalator?] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302221417/http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2005/09/19/Life/Whats.The.Deal.With.The.Wheaton.Metro.Station.Escalator-989091.shtml |date=2009-03-02 )) ''The GW Hatchet''. 2005-09-19. Retrieved 2008-06-15.</ref>

Since Wheaton has the highest location in the Washington, D.C., area, it was also the home of the first [[History of television|television license]] in the United States. Using the call sign W3XK, [[Charles Francis Jenkins]] began broadcasting from his home at the corner of Windham Lane and Georgia Ave.<ref name="MC history"/><ref>[http://www.fcc.gov/omd/history/tv/documents/76years_tv.pdf The FCC: Seventy-six Years of Watching TV]</ref> starting on July 2, 1928.<ref>((cite web|url=http://online.sfsu.edu/~hl/cfj/cfj.W3XK.html|title=Charles Francis Jenkins television station W3XK|website=online.sfsu.edu))</ref>

Other points of interest include

* The Gilchrist Center for Cultural Diversity - Named after former [[:Category:Montgomery County, Maryland Executives|Montgomery County Executive]] [[Charles W. Gilchrist]], opened Sept. 8th 2001, it provides services to an increasing immigrant population in Montgomery County.<ref>((Cite web |title=Gilchrist Immigrant Resource Center Homepage,Montgomery County, MD |url=https://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/gilchrist/ |access-date=2023-05-30 |website=www.montgomerycountymd.gov))</ref>
* Wheaton Library and Recreation Center opened on September 8, 2019, replaced the old library and [[Wheaton Youth Center]].<ref>((Cite web |last=Peccerelli |first=Ashley |date=2019-09-09 |title=Wheaton Celebrates Grand Opening of Highly Anticipated New Library and Recreation Center |url=https://www.mymcmedia.org/wheaton-celebrates-grand-opening-of-highly-anticipated-new-library/ |access-date=2023-05-30 |website=Montgomery Community Media |language=en))</ref>
* Holy Cross Health Cancer Center, opened on February 23, 2023.<ref>((Cite web |last=Shahzad |first=Maryam |date=2023-02-24 |title=Holy Cross Health Opens New Cancer Center in Wheaton |url=https://www.mymcmedia.org/holy-cross-health-opens-new-cancer-center-in-wheaton/ |access-date=2023-05-30 |website=Montgomery Community Media |language=en))</ref> (former [[Ana G. Méndez University System]] and [[Circuit City]].)

==Designation as a Maryland Arts and Entertainment District==
Wheaton has been designated by the State of Maryland as an Arts and Entertainment District, joining [[Silver Spring, Maryland|Silver Spring]] and [[Bethesda, Maryland|Bethesda]] as the third district in [[Montgomery County, Maryland|Montgomery County]] to receive the distinction. The Arts and Entertainment District designation provides artists working in that area with an income tax break. Developers who create spaces for artists to live and work can be exempt from paying certain property taxes on the value of the renovations for up to 10 years. Designated districts are exempt from admissions and amusement taxes.<ref name="Arts and Entertaining District">((cite web|url=http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/apps/News/press/PR_details.asp?PrID=1633|title=Wheaton Designated Arts and Entertainment District by State, Montgomery County Government News Release))</ref>

== Notable people ==

* [[Marat Akbarov]]
* [[Diana Barrera]]
* [[Joe Bonomo]]
* [[Chas Gessner]]
* [[James Gist]]
* [[Laurie Ann Haus]]
* [[Kelli Hill]]
* [[Zach Hilton]]
* [[Marty Hurney]]
* [[Robin Koontz]]
* [[Benjamin F. Kramer]]
* [[Murders of Katherine and Sheila Lyon|Katherine and Sheila Lyon]]
* [[Jim Parsley]]
* [[Michael Parsons (figure skater)|Michael Parsons]]
* [[Marina Pestova]]
* [[Bill Quinter]]
* [[Ron Weber]]

== References ==
((reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Wheaton, Maryland))
((wikivoyage|Wheaton))
* [http://www.mc-mncppc.org/parks/brookside/ Brookside Gardens]
* [http://www.montgomeryart.org/ Montgomery Art Association]
* [http://www.mc-mncppc.org/parks/facilities/regional_parks/wheaton/index.shtm Wheaton Regional Park]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081121051456/http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/rectmpl.asp?url=%2Fcontent%2Frec%2Fgccd%2Findex.asp The Gilchrest Center for Cultural Diversity]
* [http://www.wheatonhills.org Wheaton Hills Civic Association]
* [http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/DGS-BDC/MMC/361202.html Wheaton Library and Community Recreation Center]

((Montgomery County, Maryland))

((authority control))

[[Category:Wheaton, Maryland| ]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Maryland]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Montgomery County, Maryland]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American culture in Maryland]]

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