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All 391 seats in the United States House of Representatives[b] 196 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1910 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 8, 1910, while Maine and Vermont held theirs early in September, in the middle of President William Howard Taft's term. Elections were held for all 391 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 46 states, to the 62nd United States Congress.
The conservative Taft contended with major factional splits within his Republican Party. Instead of using his position as president to bridge compromise, Taft alienated the progressive wing of the party, which had championed his predecessor, Theodore Roosevelt. While conservatives controlled the largest number of elected positions for Republicans, progressive politics had been what brought many voters to the polls. The clash of these units of the Republican Party, combined with the message of unity from the Democratic Party, was enough to allow the Democrats to take control of the House, ending 16 years in opposition. This was the first time that the Socialist Party won a seat.
Protection was the ideological cement holding the Republican coalition together. High tariffs were used by Republicans to promise higher sales to business, higher wages to industrial workers, and higher demand for their crops to farmers. Progressive insurgents said it promoted monopoly. Democrats said it was a tax on the little man. It had greatest support in the Northeast, and greatest opposition in the South and West. The Midwest was the battleground.[3] The great battle over the high Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act in 1910 ripped the Republicans apart and set up the realignment in favor of the Democrats.[4]
230 | 2 | 162 |
Democratic | [i] | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Republican | Socialist | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | Districts | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |||
Arkansas | Districts | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |||
California | Districts | 8 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 0 | |
Colorado | Districts + at-large |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||
Connecticut | Districts + at-large |
5 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||
Florida | Districts | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||
Georgia | Districts | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |||
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||
Illinois | Districts | 25 | 11 | 5 | 14 | 5 | 0 | |
Indiana | Districts | 13 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
Iowa | Districts | 11 | 1 | 10 | 0 | |||
Kansas | Districts | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | |||
Kentucky | Districts | 11 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
Louisiana | Districts | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |||
Maine[j] | Districts | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
Maryland | Districts | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
Massachusetts | Districts | 14 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 0 | |
Michigan | Districts | 12 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 0 | |
Minnesota | Districts | 9 | 1 | 8 | 0 | |||
Mississippi | Districts | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |||
Missouri | Districts | 16 | 14 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 0 | |
Montana | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||
Nebraska | Districts | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | |||
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
New Hampshire | Districts | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
New Jersey | Districts | 10 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 0 | |
New York | Districts | 37 | 22 | 11 | 15[k] | 11 | 0 | |
North Carolina | Districts | 10 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | |
North Dakota | Districts | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
Ohio | Districts | 21 | 16 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 0 | |
Oklahoma | Districts | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
Oregon | Districts | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
Pennsylvania | Districts | 32 | 9 | 4 | 23 | 4 | 0 | |
Rhode Island | Districts | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
South Carolina | Districts | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |||
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
Tennessee | Districts | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | |||
Texas | Districts | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |||
Utah | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||
Vermont[j] | Districts | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
Virginia | Districts | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | |||
Washington | Districts | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | |||
West Virginia | Districts | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | |
Wisconsin | Districts | 11 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||
Total[b] | 391 | 228 58.4% |
56 | 162[k] 41.4% |
57 | 1 0.3% |
1 |
In 1910, two states, with 6 seats between them, held elections early:
Two newly admitted states held elections late: New Mexico and Arizona held their first elections in 1911.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Georgia 2 | |||||
Iowa 9 | |||||
Louisiana 2 | Samuel Louis Gilmore | Democratic | 1909 (Special) | Incumbent died July 18, 1910. New member elected November 8, 1910. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to the next term, see below. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Charles Q. Tirrell | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent died July 31, 1910. New member elected November 8, 1910. Democratic gain. Winner lost election to the next term, see below. |
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Missouri 6 | |||||
Tennessee 1 | Walter P. Brownlow | Republican | 1896 | Incumbent died July 8, 1910. New member elected November 8, 1910. Republican hold. |
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Virginia 4 |
See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama |
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates[5] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama 1 | George W. Taylor | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 2 | S. Hubert Dent | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 3 | Henry D. Clayton | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 4 | William B. Craig | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Alabama 5 | J. Thomas Heflin | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 6 | Richmond P. Hobson | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 7 | John L. Burnett | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 8 | William Richardson | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 9 | Oscar W. Underwood | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas |
Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives elections in California |
See also: List of United States representatives from California |
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
California 1 | William F. Englebright | Republican | 1906 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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California 2 | Duncan E. McKinlay | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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California 3 | Joseph R. Knowland | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 4 | Julius Kahn | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 5 | Everis A. Hayes | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 6 | James C. Needham | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 7 | James McLachlan | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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California 8 | Sylvester C. Smith | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Colorado |
See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut |
See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware |
Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida |
See also: List of United States representatives from Florida |
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Florida 1 | Stephen M. Sparkman | Democratic | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 2 | Frank Clark | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 3 | Dannite H. Mays | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Idaho at-large | Thomas R. Hamer | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois |
See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kansas 1 | Daniel R. Anthony Jr. | Republican | 1907 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 2 | Charles F. Scott | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Kansas 3 | Philip P. Campbell | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 4 | James Monroe Miller | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Kansas 5 | William A. Calderhead | Republican | 1894 1896 (lost) 1898 |
Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Kansas 6 | William A. Reeder | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Kansas 7 | Edmond H. Madison | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 8 | Victor Murdock | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky |
See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana and 1910 United States Senate special election in Louisiana |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Louisiana 1 | |||||
Louisiana 2 | Samuel Louis Gilmore | Democratic | 1909 (special) | Incumbent died July 18, 1910. New member elected. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to finish the term; see above. |
|
Louisiana 3 | |||||
Louisiana 4 | |||||
Louisiana 5 | |||||
Louisiana 6 | |||||
Louisiana 7 |
See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland and 1910 United States Senate election in Maryland |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 1 | James Harry Covington | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 2 | J. Frederick C. Talbott | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 3 | John Kronmiller | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Maryland 4 | John Gill Jr. | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Maryland 5 | Sydney Emanuel Mudd I | Republican | 1888 1890 (lost) 1896 |
Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Maryland 6 | George A. Pearre | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | George P. Lawrence | Republican | 1897 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 2 | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 3 | Charles G. Washburn | Republican | 1906 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Vacant | Incumbent died July 31, 1910. New member elected. Republican hold. |
| ||
Massachusetts 5 | Butler Ames | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 6 | Augustus Peabody Gardner | Republican | 1902 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 7 | Ernest W. Roberts | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 8 | Samuel W. McCall | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 9 | John A. Keliher | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent lost re-nomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 10 | Joseph F. O'Connell | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent lost re-nomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 11 | Andrew James Peters | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 12 | John W. Weeks | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 13 | William S. Greene | Republican | 1898 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 14 | Eugene Foss | Democratic | 1910 (special) | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Massachusetts. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan |
See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota |
See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | Ezekiel S. Candler Jr. | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 2 | Thomas Spight | Democratic | 1898 (special) | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 3 | Benjamin G. Humphreys II | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | Thomas U. Sisson | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 5 | Adam M. Byrd | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 6 | Eaton J. Bowers | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 7 | William A. Dickson | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 8 | James Collier | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri |
See also: List of United States representatives from Montana |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Montana at-large | Charles N. Pray | Republican | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Nebraska |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | John A. Maguire | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 2 | Gilbert Hitchcock | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Nebraska 3 | James P. Latta | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 4 | Edmund H. Hinshaw | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Nebraska 5 | George W. Norris | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 6 | Moses Kinkaid | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire |
See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey |
See also: List of United States representatives from New York |
See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina |
See also: List of United States representatives from North Dakota |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Dakota at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Louis B. Hanna | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Asle Gronna | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
See also: List of United States representatives from Oklahoma |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oklahoma 1 | Bird S. McGuire | Republican | 1907 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oklahoma 2 | Dick T. Morgan | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oklahoma 3 | Charles E. Creager | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Oklahoma 4 | Charles D. Carter | Democratic | 1907 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oklahoma 5 | Scott Ferris | Democratic | 1907 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oregon 1 | Willis C. Hawley | Republican | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oregon 2 | William R. Ellis | Republican | 1906 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania |
See also: List of United States representatives from Rhode Island |
Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina |
See also: List of United States representatives from South Carolina |
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
South Carolina 1 | George Swinton Legaré | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 2 | James O. Patterson | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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South Carolina 3 | Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 4 | Joseph T. Johnson | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 5 | David E. Finley | Democratic | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 6 | J. Edwin Ellerbe | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 7 | Asbury F. Lever | Democratic | 1901 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from South Dakota |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Dakota at-large (2 seats elected on a general ticket) |
Charles H. Burke | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Eben Martin | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
See also: List of United States representatives from Tennessee |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Zachary D. Massey | Republican | 1910 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Tennessee 2 | Richard W. Austin | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 3 | John A. Moon | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 4 | Cordell Hull | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 5 | William C. Houston | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 6 | Jo Byrns | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Tennessee 7 | Lemuel P. Padgett | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 8 | Thetus W. Sims | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 9 | Finis J. Garrett | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 10 | George Gordon | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Vermont |
See also: List of United States representatives from Virginia |
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Virginia 1 | |||||
Virginia 2 | |||||
Virginia 3 | |||||
Virginia 4 | |||||
Virginia 5 | |||||
Virginia 6 | Carter Glass | Democratic | 1902 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 7 | |||||
Virginia 8 | |||||
Virginia 9 | |||||
Virginia 10 |
See also: List of United States representatives from Washington |
See also: List of United States representatives from West Virginia |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | William P. Hubbard | Republican | 1906 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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West Virginia 2 | George C. Sturgiss | Republican | 1906 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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West Virginia 3 | Joseph H. Gaines | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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West Virginia 4 | Harry C. Woodyard | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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West Virginia 5 | James A. Hughes | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Wisconsin |
Main article: 1910 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming |
See also: List of United States representatives from Wyoming |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wyoming at-large | Frank W. Mondell | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alaska Territory elected its non-voting delegate August 9, 1910.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Alaska Territory at-large | James Wickersham | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from Arizona |
Arizona Territory elected its non-voting delegate sometime in 1910, but did not serve out the complete term as statehood was granted in 1912.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arizona Territory at-large | Ralph H. Cameron | Republican | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also: List of United States representatives from New Mexico |
New Mexico Territory elected its non-voting delegate sometime in 1910, but did not serve out the complete term as statehood was granted in 1912.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Mexico Territory at-large | William Henry Andrews | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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