Combination of | |
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Ethinylestradiol | Estrogen |
Norethisterone | Progestogen |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Alyacen, Aranelle, Balziva, others |
Other names | EE/NET |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a601050 |
License data | |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
ATC code | |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone (EE/NET), or ethinylestradiol/norethindrone, is a combination birth control pill which contains ethinylestradiol (EE), an estrogen and norethisterone (NET), a progestin.[1] It is used for birth control, symptoms of menstruation, endometriosis, and menopausal symptoms.[1][2] Other uses include acne.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1] Some preparations of EE/NET additionally contain an iron supplement in the form of ferrous fumarate.[3]
Side effects can include nausea, headache, blood clots, breast pain, depression, and liver problems.[2] Use is not recommended during pregnancy, the initial three weeks after childbirth, and in those at high risk of blood clots.[2][4] It, however, may be started immediately after a miscarriage or abortion.[4] Smoking while using combined birth control pills is not recommended.[5] It works by stopping ovulation, making the uterus not suitable for implantation, and making the mucus at the opening to the cervix thick.[4]
This combination pill was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964.[6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[8] It is marketed under a large number of brand names.[9] In 2021, it was the 52nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 12 million prescriptions.[10][11]
Birth control methods | |||||||
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Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) | |||||||
Sterilization |
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Hormonal contraception |
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Barrier Methods | |||||||
Emergency Contraception (Post-intercourse) | |||||||
Spermicides | |||||||
Behavioral |
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Experimental |
Androgens | |||||||||||||
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Estrogens | |||||||||||||
Progestogens |
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PRTooltip Progesterone receptor |
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mPRTooltip Membrane progesterone receptor (PAQRTooltip Progestin and adipoQ receptor) |
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