A parody film or spoof film is a subgenre of comedy film that lampoons other film genres or films as pastiches,[1][2][3] works created by imitation of the style of many different films reassembled together. Although the subgenre is often overlooked by critics, parody films are commonly profitable at the box office.[4] Parody is related to satire, except that "parody is more often a representation of appreciation, while a satire is more often...pointing ...out the major flaws of an object through ridicule."[5] J.M. Maher notes that the "difference is not always clear" and points out that "some films employ both techniques".[6] Parody is found in a range of art and culture, including literature, music, theater, television, animation, and gaming.

The first film parody was The Little Train Robbery (1905), which makes fun of The Great Train Robbery (1903), in part by using an all child cast for the Western spoof. Historically, when a genre formula grows tired, as in the case of the moralistic melodramas in the 1910s, it retains value only as a parody, as demonstrated by Buster Keaton shorts that mocked that melodrama genre.[7]

Influential parody actors and creators from the first half of 20th century included the Marx Brothers (active 1905–1949), W. C. Fields (active 1898–1946), Mae West (active 1907–1978), Laurel and Hardy (1927-1955), and Bob Hope (active 1924–1998).[8] The 1970s and 1980s have been called the "golden age" of parody movies, led by Mel Brooks and the "ZAZ trio" (David Zucker, Jim Abrahams, and Jerry Zucker). Brooks' parodies included a Western parody, Blazing Saddles (1974), a horror parody, Young Frankenstein (1974), and a space opera parody, Spaceballs (1987). The ZAZ trio is best known for their film which parodies a number of 1960s and 1970s genres (from exploitation film to kung fu film), The Kentucky Fried Movie (1977) and their air disaster film parody, Airplane! (1980). [6] Woody Allen also contributed several parodies.

In the 2000s (decade), the increasing availability of digital cameras (and then smartphones) that could shoot video and accessible editing software made it possible for amateur and early-stage professional creators to make parodies and post them online.[6]

1900s

1910s

1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Further reading

References

  1. ^ "Postmodern Parody and Pastiche".
  2. ^ Johnson, Andrew (30 August 2009). "Spoofs? Don't make us laugh". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
  3. ^ Gilbey, Ryan (6 August 2009). "Spoofs: the films that ate Hollywood". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
  4. ^ Welkos, Robert W. (25 July 1998). "What Keeps Spoofs From Being Box-Office Jokes?". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
  5. ^ Mazzillo, Amanda (1 May 2017). "The Beginner's Guide: Parody". www.filminquiry.com. Film Inquiry. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  6. ^ a b c Maher, JM (20 October 2022). "Why Were Parody Movies So Popular in the 2000s?". movieweb.com. Movieweb. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  7. ^ Balducci, Anthony (28 November 2011). The Funny Parts: A History of Film Comedy Routines and Gags. McFarland. ISBN 9780786488933. Retrieved 3 October 2018 – via Google Books.
  8. ^ Gehring, Wes D. Parody as Film Genre: Never Give a Saga an Even Break. Praeger, 1999.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al The Top 100 Parody/Spoofs of All Time-Flickchart
  10. ^ a b Oddball Films:What the F(ilm)?! 16: You Can't Handle the Spoof! - Fri. April 8th - 8PM
  11. ^ Booker, Keith M (2010). Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. xxiv.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l The Best Parody/Spoofs of All Time-Flickchart
  13. ^ a b c d e f Top 10 Worst Parody Movies-WatchMojo on YouTube
  14. ^ The Top 100 Parody/Spoof>of All Time-Flickchart
  15. ^ Cable comedy troupe tries the big screen Review: "Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Movie" is long on name, and pretty long on laughs, too, if you get past its slow set-up. : Baltimore Sun
  16. ^ Why Galaxy Quest Was The Perfect Star Trek Parody|ScreenRant
  17. ^ a b c d 20 Best Parody Movies, According To Rotten Tomatoes|ScreenRant
  18. ^ a b c Lee, Aaron (27 January 2008). "Surely you can't be serious". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 25 December 2010. Spoof films are routinely snubbed by Oscar and are even looked down upon by other comedies. But the genre's producers often just laugh all the way to the bank.
  19. ^ Scary Movie 5
  20. ^ [1] Archived 25 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine THE WALKING DECEASED
  21. ^ Gingold, Michael (2 July 2020). ""Notzilla," Spoof of the Monsters is Coming This Summer; Info and Poster". Rue Morgue. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  22. ^ Millican, Josh (3 July 2020). "Poster & First Look at Award-Winning Kaiju Comedy Notzilla Releasing August 18th". Dread Central. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
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