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((Short description|Group of supporters of a sports team))
((Use dmy dates|date=September 2020))
((Multiple issues|((refimprove|date=May 2015))
((Original research|article|date=August 2008))))
[[File:Euro 2000 supporters.jpg|thumb|250px|right|''Tifosi'' of the [[Italy national football team]] during the [[UEFA Euro 2000]]]]
'''''Tifosi''''' (((IPA-it|tiˈfoːzi; -oːsi|pron))) is a [[fandom|group of supporters]] of a sports team, especially those that make up a ''[[tifo]]''.

==Etymology==
The word ''Tifosi'' comes from [[Ancient Greek]] "typhos", meaning smoke, as it was customary for spectators of the [[Ancient Olympic Games]] to celebrate the victories of their favourite athletes by reuniting around a bonfire.<ref>((Cite web | url=https://www.etimoitaliano.it/2015/02/tifo.html | title=TIFO ))</ref><ref>((Cite web | url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/tifo/ | title=Tifo in Vocabolario - Treccani ))</ref><ref>((Cite web | url=https://www.etimo.it/?term=tifo | title=Etimologia : Tifo ))</ref> The plural ''Tifosi'' is used for a mixed gender or an all-male group; masculine singular is ''tifoso'', feminine singular ''tifosa'', feminine plural ''tifose''.

==Football==
The word is mainly used to describe fans of clubs in [[Football (soccer)|football]]. Apart from the many local fan clubs in Italy, whose main role is, for example, to provide a meeting place for fans and friends and organize away trips, since the late 1960s, many Italian fans rely on organized stadium groups known as [[ultras]]. The main goal is to choreograph fan support with [[flag]]s, [[banner]]s, coloured smoke screens, flares, [[drum]]s, and chanting in unison. For most teams city rivalries, colours, [[coat of arms]], symbols, and the overall iconography have roots in the [[Middle Ages]] and early [[Renaissance]].

A fictional depiction of a ''tifoso'' in football is shown in ''[[Tifosi (film)|Tifosi]]'', an Italian film released in 1999.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.mymovies.it/dizionario/recensione.asp?id=33873|title=Tifosi (1999)|first=Mo-Net s r l|last=Milano-Firenze|website=mymovies.it))</ref>

==Formula One==
[[File:Tifosi Monza 2003.JPG|thumb|200px|left|The ''tifosi'' at the 2003 Italian Grand Prix, Monza]]
It has become common to use the word "''tifosi''" to refer to the supporters of [[Scuderia Ferrari]] in [[Formula One]].<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210909-leclerc-calls-on-tifosi-to-help-ferrari-gatecrash-title-scrap |title = Leclerc calls on Tifosi to help Ferrari gatecrash title scrap - France 24| date=9 September 2021 ))</ref> Italian motor racing fans are well known for their love of Ferrari, though they have also been staunch supporters of other Italian cars such as [[Maserati in Formula One|Maserati]], [[Lancia in Formula One|Lancia]], and [[Alfa Romeo in Formula One|Alfa Romeo]].

The ''tifosi'' provide Formula One with a sea of red filling the grandstands at the [[Italian Grand Prix]]. One of the most common ''tifosi'' sights is the display of an enormous Ferrari flag in the grandstands during Formula One weekends at every race circuit, with especially large contingents showing up in Ferrari livery at home and nearby European tracks. A similar sight could be observed in former years during the [[San Marino Grand Prix|San Marino]] race, which was held at the [[Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari]] near the town of [[Imola]], 80&nbsp;km (49.7&nbsp;mi) east of the Ferrari factory in [[Maranello]].

The ''tifosi'' in Italy have been known to actually cheer for a non-Italian driver in a Ferrari passing an Italian driver in another make of car.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/f1/ferrari-s-passionate-tifosi-facing-a-miserable-afternoon-at-monza-1.1072401 |title = Ferrari's passionate tifosi facing a miserable afternoon at Monza| date=3 September 2020 ))</ref> At the [[1983 San Marino Grand Prix]], the crowd at Imola cheered long and loud when Italian [[Riccardo Patrese]] crashed his [[Brabham BT52|Brabham]] out of the lead of the race only 6 laps from home, handing Frenchman [[Patrick Tambay]] the win in his Ferrari. Patrese himself had only passed Tambay for the lead half a lap earlier.

One driver who never actually drove for Ferrari but is supported by the ''tifosi'' is Frenchman [[Jean-Louis Schlesser]]. He drove for the [[Williams F1|Williams]] team at the [[1988 Italian Grand Prix]] at [[Autodromo Nazionale Monza|Monza]] substituting for an ill [[Nigel Mansell]]. On lap 49 of the 51 lap race, Schlesser was unwittingly involved in the incident at the Variante del Rettifilo chicane that took out the leading [[McLaren MP4/4|McLaren]]-[[Honda F1|Honda]] of [[Ayrton Senna]], fittingly handing Ferrari's [[Gerhard Berger]] and [[Michele Alboreto]] an emotional 1–2 [[1988 Italian Grand Prix|Italian Grand Prix]] result only a month after the death of [[Enzo Ferrari]]. Berger's win handed McLaren their only loss of the 16-race ((f1|1988)) season.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/andrewbenson/2009/09/your_classic_italian_grand_pri.html|title=Your classic Italian Grand Prix - Andrew Benson's blog|publisher=BBC|author=Andrew Benson|date=8 September 2009|access-date=27 August 2013))</ref>

The ''tifosi'' stuck by Ferrari during the struggles in the early 1990s, where [[Gerhard Berger]] and [[Jean Alesi]] each won one race, as the front-running teams were McLaren, Williams, and Benetton.<ref>((Cite web |last=Moxon |first=Daniel |date=2022-06-11 |title=Beloved Ferrari icon won just one race before being ousted by Michael Schumacher |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/formula-1/jean-alesi-career-ferrari-benetton-27199906 |access-date=2023-04-27 |website=[[Daily Mirror]] |language=en))</ref> The mid-1990s increase in the ranks of the ''tifosi'' can be directly traced to the arrival of [[Michael Schumacher]] who joined Ferrari in [[1996 Formula One season|1996]], after winning two drivers' titles with Benetton, bringing over key personnel like [[Ross Brawn]] and [[Rory Byrne]]. Schumacher drove for Ferrari until his first retirement at the conclusion of the [[2006 Formula One season|2006]] season, leading the team to six [[List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions|Constructors' Championship]] from 1999–2004 and personally winning five drivers' championships.

When Ferrari's [[Charles Leclerc]] won at Monza 2019, which was the first time for the team since 2010, a massive crowd of ''tifosi'' went to the podium to celebrate the victory. As revealed by [[David Croft (broadcaster)|David Croft]] during the podium celebration, there is a love-hate relationship between the ''tifosi'' and [[Mercedes AMG Petronas|Mercedes]], who have won in Monza from the start of the turbo hybrid era in 2014 to 2018. Whenever a Mercedes won the Italian GP, or made the podium, the ''tifosi'' would boo at the driver.

==Cycling==
The word is commonly used to describe fans along the roadside at professional road cycling races in Italy such as [[Tirreno–Adriatico]], [[Milan–San Remo]], the [[Giro d'Italia]], and the [[Giro di Lombardia]].

Passionate supporters of Italian cycling teams and cyclists are called "the ''tifosi''".

==See also==
* [[Curva (stadia)|Curva]]
* [[Ultras]]
* [[Oranjegekte]], Dutch counterpart

==References==
((reflist))

((Fandom))
((Ferrari))

[[Category:Association football supporters' associations| ]]
[[Category:Football in Italy]]
[[Category:Sports fandom]]
[[Category:Cycle racing in Italy]]
[[Category:Ferrari]]
[[Category:Formula One]]
[[Category:Italian words and phrases]]

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