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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2018.
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amananulam[36] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
McCartney et al. |
A snake belonging to the family Nigerophiidae. The type species is A. sanogoi. |
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Amaru[37] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Albino |
Early Eocene |
Lumbrera Formation |
A macrostomatan snake. Genus includes new species A. scagliai. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Klembara & Rummel |
Early Miocene |
A slow worm. |
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Barlochersaurus[39] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Daza et al. |
Probable member of Anguimorpha of uncertain phylogentic placement. The type species is B. winhtini. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Vullo & Rage |
A polyglyphanodontid lizard |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bochaton & Bailon |
Late Pleistocene |
France |
A species of Boa. |
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Callopistes rionegrensis[42] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Quadros, Chafrat & Zaher |
Early Miocene |
A teiid lizard, a species of Callopistes. |
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Euleptes klembarai[43] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Čerňanský, Daza & Bauer |
A relative of the European leaf-toed gecko. |
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Primitivus[44] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Paparella et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian–early Maastrichtian) |
A member of the family Dolichosauridae. The type species is P. manduriensis. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Sullivan & Dong |
Middle Eocene (Sharamurunian) |
Heti Formation |
An anguid lizard belonging to the subfamily Glyptosaurinae. The type species is "Helodermoides" mongoliensis Sullivan (1979). |
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Tsagansaurus[46] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Alifanov |
Late Paleocene |
A platynotan lizard belonging to the family Parasaniwidae. The type species is T. nemegetensis. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Jiménez-Huidobro et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A mosasaur |
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Xiaophis[48] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Xing et al. |
A snake described on the basis of a fossilized embryo or neonate. The type species is X. myanmarensis. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Sachs & Kear |
An early relative of pliosaurids. The type species is A. schuberti. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
De Miguel Chaves, Ortega & Pérez‐García |
A relative of Simosaurus. Genus includes new species P. multidentatus. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
De Miguel Chaves, Ortega & Pérez‐García |
A placodont related to Henodus. Genus includes new species P. atancensis. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
O’Gorman, Gasparini & Spalletti |
||||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Páramo-Fonseca, Benavides-Cabra & Gutiérrez |
A pliosaurid belonging to the subfamily Brachaucheninae. The type species is S. vitae. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Godinot et al. |
A member of the family Carettochelyidae. |
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Barnesia[123] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Junior homonym |
Karl |
Eocene (Lutetian) |
A tortoise; a new genus for "Testudo" eocaenica Hummel (1935). The generic name is preoccupied by Barnesia Bertoni (1901) and Barnesia Thalmann (1994). |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Mallon & Brinkman |
Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) |
A member of Cryptodira belonging to the family Nanhsiungchelyidae. |
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Borkenia eckfeldense[123] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Karl |
Eocene |
A member of the family Geoemydidae. |
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Borkenia philippeni[123] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Karl |
Eocene (Lutetian) |
Eckfelder Maar |
A member of the family Geoemydidae. |
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Chelonoidis dominicensis[125] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Albury et al. |
Probably Late Quaternary |
A species of Chelonoidis. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Lapparent de Broin et al. |
Eocene (Priabonian) |
A member of the family Cheloniidae. |
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Eochersis[123] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Karl |
Eocene (Lutetian) |
Eckfelder Maar |
A tortoise. The type species is E. eiflaensis. |
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Eochersina[123] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Karl |
Eocene (Lutetian) |
A tortoise; a new genus for "Cheirogaster" steinbacheri Karl (1996). |
|||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Pérez-García |
A member of Bothremydidae; a new genus for "Tretosternum" ambiguum Gaudry (1890). |
|||||
Eulalichelys[122] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
De Lapparent de Broin in Godinot et al. |
A member of the family Carettochelyidae. Genus includes new species E. labarrerei. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Joyce, Lyson & Sertich |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Shao et al. |
A member of the family Sinemydidae. The type species is J. lingyuanensis. |
|||||
Mauremys aristotelica[130] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Vlachos et al. |
A species of Mauremys. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Pérez-García |
A member of Bothremydidae; a new genus for "Podocnemis" olssoni Schmidt (1931). |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Szczygielski, Tyborowski & Błażejowski |
Kcynia Formation |
A member of Pancryptodira. The type species is O. borsukbialynickae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gentry et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
Lower Ripley Formation |
A member of Pancheloniidae. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ji & Chen |
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Trachemys haugrudi[134] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Jasinski |
Late Hemphillian |
A species of Trachemys. |
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Yuraramirim[135] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ferreira et al. |
A member of Pleurodira related to Peiropemys. Genus includes new species Y. montealtensis. |
Main article: 2018 in archosaur paleontology |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Keeble, Whiteside & Benton |
A small rhynchocephalian known from Rhaetian fissure fill deposits. |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Pritchard et al. |
A reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a rhynchosaur[162] or a rhynchocephalian.[163] The type species is C. noviportensis. |
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Sp. nov |
Valid |
Liu & Bever |
Late Permian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Li et al. |
Falang Formation |
|||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Herrera-Flores et al. |
A rhynchocephalian belonging to the group Opisthodontia; a new genus for "Clevosaurus" latidens Fraser (1993). |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Schoch & Sues |
A member of Lepidosauromorpha, probably a relative of Marmoretta oxoniensis. Genus includes new species F. rozynekae. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Modesto, Scott & Reisz |
Early Permian |
Richards Spur locality |
A member of the family Captorhinidae. Genus includes new species L. richardi. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Tsuji |
A member of the family Procolophonidae. The type species is M. nadra. |