Nahua man from the Florentine Codex. The speech scrolls indicate speech or song.

Nahuatl (English: /ˈnɑːwɑːtəl/; Nahuatl pronunciation: [ˈnaːwat͡ɬ] (listen)), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about 1.7 million Nahua peoples, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller populations in the United States.

Nahuatl has been spoken in central Mexico since at least the seventh century CE. It was the language of the Aztec/Mexica, who dominated what is now central Mexico during the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican history. During the centuries preceding the Spanish and Tlaxcalan conquest of the Aztec Empire, the Aztecs had expanded to incorporate a large part of central Mexico. Their influence caused the variety of Nahuatl spoken by the residents of Tenochtitlan to become a prestige language in Mesoamerica. (Full article...)

• ... that Charlie N. Holmberg developed the idea for her novel The Paper Magician after studying Japanese and learning about the art of origami?
• ... that Indian writer Malayanil was a pioneer of modern short-story writing in the Gujarati language?
• ... that Indigenous Australian elder Ivaritji was the last speaker of the Kaurna language before its revival in the 1990s?
• ... that the first film entirely in American Sign Language was a 1975 vampire movie called Deafula?
• ... that after writing a programming language used to publish books on the humanities, Michael Barnett wrote the SNAP language to teach programming to humanities students?
• ... that The Red Dragon magazine was intended to "make known to the greater English world the characteristics and aims of the Welsh people and the beauties of their language and literature"?

• ...that there are seven dialectal groups of the Polish language, each primarily associated with a certain geographical region?
• ...that the Noric language is attested in only two inscriptions, one from Grafenstein, Austria, and the other from Ptuj, Slovenia?
• ...that Soviet literature declared Russian the "world language of internationalism", denouncing French as the "language of fancy courtiers" and English as the "jargon of traders"?
• ...that the Himariote Greek dialect retains several archaic features no longer found in standard modern Greek?

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Stubs: Constructed languages • Languages • Linguists • Pidgins and creoles • Typography • Vocabulary and usage • Writing systems

Languages of the Indo-European family are classified as either centum languages or satem languages according to how the dorsal consonants (sounds of "K", "G" and "Y" type) of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) developed. An example of the different developments is provided by the words for "hundred" found in the early attested Indo-European languages (which is where the two branches get their names). In centum languages, they typically began with a /k/ sound (Latin centum was pronounced with initial /k/), but in satem languages, they often began with /s/ (the example satem comes from the Avestan language of Zoroastrian scripture).

The table below shows the traditional reconstruction of the PIE dorsal consonants, with three series, but according to some more recent theories there may actually have been only two series or three series with different pronunciations from those traditionally ascribed. In centum languages, the palatovelars, which included the initial consonant of the "hundred" root, merged with the plain velars. In satem languages, they remained distinct, and the labiovelars merged with the plain velars. (Full article...)

The Phoenician alphabet was a non-pictographic consonantal alphabet, or abjad. It became one of the most widely used writing systems, spread by Phoenician merchants across the Mediterranean world, where it evolved and was assimilated by many other cultures. The Aramaic alphabet, a modified form of Phoenician, was the ancestor of modern Arabic script, while Hebrew script is a stylistic variant of the Aramaic script. The Greek alphabet (and by extension its descendants such as the Latin, the Cyrillic and the Coptic), was a direct successor of Phoenician, though certain letter values were changed to represent vowels.

28 September 2022 – Anglophone crisis

Authorities in Cameroon ban "undeclared meetings and manifestations" in Bamenda, the capital of the Northwest Region, after separatists announced a manifestation to commemorate the declaration of independence of Ambazonia, a breakaway state consisting of the English-speaking regions of Cameroon. (Xinhua)

13 June 2022 – Censorship of Wikipedia

The Wikimedia Foundation files an appeal against a Russian court order demanding the removal of certain Russo-Ukrainian War-related information from the Russian-language Wikipedia, which is one of the few remaining fact-checked sources still available to the general Russian public. (Reuters) (DW)

2 June 2022 – Internet censorship in Russia

Russia blocks access to the Finnish, Russian and English websites of Finnish state broadcaster Yle, on orders of the Prosecutor-General of Russia. (Yle)

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