This article provides an overview of the transport infrastructure of Latvia.

Road system

It is mandatory to keep headlights on while driving, even in daylight; most cars commercially sold in Latvia are equipped to make this automatic.

Highways

Number	E-road	Route	Length (km)
A1	E67	Rīga - Ainaži (EE border)	101
A2	E77	Rīga - Sigulda - Veclaicene (EE border)	196
A3	E264	Inčukalns - Valmiera - Valka (EE border)	101
A4	E67 E77	Rīga ring road (Baltezers - Saulkalne)	20
A5	E67 E77	Rīga ring road (Salaspils - Babīte)	40
A6	E22 E262	Rīga - Daugavpils - Krāslava - Pāternieki (BY border)	307
A7	E67	Rīga - Bauska - Grenctāle (LT border)	85
A8	E77	Rīga - Jelgava - Meitene (LT border)	76
A9		Rīga - Skulte - Liepāja	199
A10	E22	Rīga - Ventspils	190
A11		Liepāja - Rucava (LT border)	57
A12	E22 E262	Jēkabpils - Rēzekne - Ludza - Terehova (RU border)	166
A13	E262	Grebņeva (RU border) - Rēzekne - Daugavpils - Medumi (LT border)	163
A14	E262	Daugavpils ring road (Tilti - Kalkūne)	15
A15	E262	Rēzekne ring road	7

Length of the road system

Railways

Latvian Railways is the main state-owned railway company in Latvia. Its daughter companies both carry out passengers services as well as carry a large quantity of freight cargo, and freight trains operate over the whole current passenger network, and a number of lines currently closed to passenger services.

There is also a narrow gauge railway between Gulbene and Aluksne, operated by the Industrial Heritage Trust, using Russian and Polish built heritage rolling stock. Three narrow gauge trains a day operate on the 33 km route between the two towns.

total: 2,347 km
Russian gauge: 2,314 km 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) gauge (270 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 33 km 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge (2002)

Passenger Train

Pasažieru vilciens (trade name Vivi Latvija) is a daughter company of Latvian Railways and the only passenger-carrying company in Latvia.

Domestic passenger lines with current service are:

• Torņakalns – Tukums II Railway
• Riga – Jelgava Railway
• Jelgava – Liepāja Railway
• Riga – Daugavpils Railway
• Krustpils – Rēzekne – Zilupe (border of Russia)
• Rīga – Sigulda – Cēsis – Valmiera – Valga (border of Estonia)
• Zemitāni – Skulte Railway
• Pļaviņas – Gulbene

Rail links with adjacent countries

• Russia - yes
• Lithuania - yes
• Belarus - yes
• Estonia - yes

Airports

Riga International Airport is the only major airport in Latvia, carrying around 5 million passengers annually. It is the largest airport in the Baltic states and has direct flights to over 80 destinations in 30 countries. It is also the main hub of airBaltic.

In the recent years airBaltic also operated from Liepāja International Airport as well as Ventspils International Airport but operations in both of these airports were ceased until 2017, when airBaltic relaunched flights from Riga to Liepaja.

Currently there are plans for further development in several regional airports, including Jūrmala Airport, Liepāja, Ventspils as well as Daugavpils International Airport.

Airfields

As of 2003, there were a total of 51 airfields in Latvia, with 27 of them having paved runways.

Airports - with paved runways total: 27
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 16 (2003)

Airports - with unpaved runways total: 24
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,523 to 2,438 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 20 (2003)

Ports and harbors

Key ports are located in Riga (Freeport of Riga and Riga Passenger Terminal), Ventspils (Free port of Ventspils), and Liepāja (Port of Liepāja). Most transit traffic uses these and half the cargo is crude oil and oil products.^[1]

Waterways

300 km (perennially navigable)

Pipelines

crude oil 412 km; refined products 421 km; natural gas 1,097 km (2003)

Merchant marine

total: 11 ships (with a volume of 1,000 gross tonnage (GT) or over) totaling 53,153 GT/37,414 tonnes deadweight (DWT)
note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1, Greece 1, Ukraine 1 (2002 est.)
ships by type: cargo ship 6, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off ship 1, short-sea/passenger 1