You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 54.161.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪Blablubbs‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 10:07, 1 October 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 18:27, 12 November 2023
- Expiry of block: 18:27, 12 November 2028
Your current IP address is 54.161.166.4. The blocked range is 54.161.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((Short description|Uncrewed cargo launcher proposal by NASA))
((Refimprove|date=December 2008))
[[File:Shuttle-c launch painting.jpg|thumb|right|An artist's conception of a Shuttle-C launching at night]]
The '''Shuttle-C''' was a study by [[NASA]] to turn the [[Space Shuttle]] launch stack into a dedicated uncrewed cargo launcher. The [[Space Shuttle external tank]] and [[Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster]]s (SRBs) would be combined with a cargo module to take the place of the [[Space Shuttle orbiter|Shuttle orbiter]] and include the [[RS-25|main engines]]. Various Shuttle-C concepts were investigated between 1984 and 1995.<ref name="globalsec">((cite web | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/systems/sts-c.htm | title = Shuttle-C | publisher = GlobalSecurity.org | accessdate = 2009-01-20 ))</ref>

The Shuttle-C concept would theoretically cut development costs for a heavy launch vehicle by re-using technology developed for the shuttle program. End-of-life and Space Shuttle hardware would also have been used. One proposal even involved converting ''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'' or ''[[Space Shuttle Enterprise|Enterprise]]'' into a single-use cargo launcher. Before the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|loss of Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']], NASA had expected about 24 shuttle flights a year. In the aftermath of the ''Challenger'' incident, it became clear that this launch rate was not feasible for a variety of reasons.<ref name="rogers">((cite web | url = https://history.nasa.gov/rogersrep/v1ch8.htm | title = Report of the Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident | publisher = [[NASA]] | date = 1986-06-06 | accessdate = 2009-01-20 ))</ref> With the Shuttle-C, it was thought that the lower maintenance and safety requirements for the uncrewed vehicle would allow a higher flight rate.<ref name="harsh">((cite web | url = http://pdf.aiaa.org/preview/1989/PV1989_2521.pdf | title = Shuttle-C, evolution to a heavy lift launch vehicle | publisher = NASA/[[AIAA]] | date = 1989-07-13 | accessdate = 2009-08-05 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090920034004/http://pdf.aiaa.org/preview/1989/PV1989_2521.pdf | archivedate = 2009-09-20 ))</ref><ref name="eudy">((cite web | url = https://commons.erau.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2045&context=space-congress-proceedings| title = Shuttle-C, heavy lift vehicle of the 90's |author=Robert G. Eudy |publisher = NASA/AIAA | date = 1990-09-25 | access-date = 2023-04-02 ))</ref>

The Shuttle-C would have been the main crew launch vehicle for the Piloted ILREC Lander in the [[International Lunar Resources Exploration Concept|International Lunar Resources Exploration Program.]]

In the early 1990s, NASA engineers planning a crewed mission to [[Mars]] included a Shuttle-C design to launch six non-reusable, 80-ton segments to create two Mars ships in [[Earth]] orbit. After President [[George W. Bush]] called for the end of the Space Shuttle by 2010, these proposed configurations were put aside.((citation_needed|date=June 2019))

As early as the 1970s, some iteration of the Shuttle-C had been studied.
Encyclopedia Astronautica mentions it as "Class 1 SDV". It was discussed in Gerard O'Neill's 1976 book ["The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space"]
The Space Studies Institute online source is only for the artwork in the book, by Don Davis ssi.org/space-art/the-don-davis-high-frontier-artshow/

==See also==
* [[Shuttle SERV]]
* [[Magnum (rocket)]]
* [[Shuttle-derived vehicle]]
* [[Shuttle-Derived Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle]], a [[heavy lift launch vehicle]] with a similar design.
*[[Energia (rocket)|Energia]]
* [[List of space launch system designs]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160712165304/http://www.astronautix.com/s/shuttlec.html Encyclopedia Astronautica link on the Shuttle-C]

((Space Shuttle))
((Reusable launch systems))

[[Category:Space Shuttle program]]
[[Category:Partially reusable space launch vehicles]]
[[Category:Shuttle-derived space launch vehicles]]
[[Category:Cancelled space launch vehicles]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Shuttle-C (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox with collapsible groups (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Refimprove (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Reusable launch systems (edit)
Template:SDcat (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Space Shuttle (edit)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox with collapsible groups (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Redirect (view source) (protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Shuttle-C.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuttle-C"